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Vol. 89. Núm. 6.
Páginas 559-566 (novembro - dezembro 2013)
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Vol. 89. Núm. 6.
Páginas 559-566 (novembro - dezembro 2013)
ARTIGO ORIGINAL
Open Access
Risk factors associated with wheezing in infants
Fatores de risco associados à sibilância em lactentes
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4890
Lillian S.L. Moraesa,
Autor para correspondência
lslm44@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Olga A. Takanoa, Javier Mallolb, Dirceu Soléc
a Departamento de Pediatria, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT, Brasil
b Hospital CRS El Pino, Universidad de Santiago, Santiago, Chile
c Departamento de Pediatria, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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Abstract
Objective

to identify possible risk factors associated with wheezing in infants (12-15 months-old) in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil.

Methods

this was a cross-sectional study performed by applying a standardized written questionnaire from the international study on wheezing in infants (Estudio Internacional de Sibilancia en Lactantes - EISL), phase 3. Parents and/or guardians of infants were interviewed at primary health care clinics or at home from August of 2009 to November of 2010. Factors associated to wheezing were studied using bivariate and multivariate analysis (using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences [SPSS] v.18.0), and expressed as odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).

Results

the written questionnaire was answered by 1,060 parents and/or guardians. The risk factors for wheezing were: history of asthma in the family [mother (OR = 1.62; 95% CI = 1.07-2.43); father (OR = 1.98; 95% CI = 1.22-3.23); siblings (OR = 2.13; 95% CI = 1.18-3.87)]; history of previous pneumonia (OR = 10.80; 95% CI = 4.52-25.77); having had more than six upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) (OR = 2.95; 95% CI = 2.11-4.14); having had first URTI before the third month of life (OR = 1.50; 95% CI = 1.04-2.17); living in a moderately polluted area (OR = 1.59; 95% CI = 1.08-2.33); paracetamol use for URTI (OR = 2.13; 95% CI = 1.54-2.95); and antibiotic use for skin infection (OR = 2.29; 95% CI = 1.18-4.46).

Conclusions

the study of risk factors for wheezing in the first year of life is important to help physicians identify young children at high risk of developing asthma and to improve public health prevention strategies in order to reduce the morbidity of wheezing in childhood.

Keywords:
Infant
Wheezing
Asthma
Risk factors
Resumo
Objetivo

: identificar possíveis fatores de risco associados à sibilância em lactentes (12 a 15 meses) no estado de Mato Grosso, Brasil.

Métodos

: estudo transversal, utilizando o questionário escrito padronizado do Estudio Internacional de Sibilancia en Lactantes (EISL) – fase 3. Pais e/ou responsáveis pela criança foram entrevistados em Unidades Básicas de Saúde quando as procuravam para imunização de rotina ou durante visitas nos domicílios de crianças matriculadas nos pro- gramas de saúde da família, no período de agosto de 2009 a novembro de 2010. Fatores associados à sibilância foram avaliados utilizando análise bivariada e multivariada e expressos como odds ratio (OR) e intervalo de confiança 95% (IC95%).

Resultados

: ao todo, um mil e sessenta (n = 1.060) pais e/ou responsáveis responderam o questionário escrito. Os fatores de risco para sibilância foram: história familiar de asma [mãe (OR = 1,62; IC95%= 1,07-2,43); pai (OR = 1,98; IC95% = 1,22-3,23); irmãos (OR = 2,13; IC95% = 1,18-3,87)]; história prévia de pneumonia (OR = 10,8; IC 95% = 4,52-25,77); ter mais de seis infecções de vias aéreas superiores (IVAS) (OR = 2,95; IC95% = 2,11-4,14) e a primeira IVAS antes dos três meses de idade (OR = 1,50; IC95% = 1,04-2,17); residir em local com moderada poluição (OR = 1,59; IC95% = 1,08-2,33); uso de paracetamol por IVAS (OR = 2,13; IC95% = 1,54-2,95); e uso de antibiótico por infecção na pele (OR = 2,29; IC 95% = 1,18-4,46).

Conclusões

: o estudo dos fatores de risco para sibilância no primeiro ano de vida é importante para auxiliar na identificação, entre os lactentes sibilantes, aqueles de alto risco para desenvolver asma, e para o desenvolvimento de estratégias de prevenção por políticas pública de saúde visando minimizar a morbidade da sibilância na infância.

Palavras-chave:
Lactente
Sibilos
Asma
Fatores de risco
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Como citar este artigo: Moraes LS, Takano OA, Mallol J, Solé D. Risk factors associated with wheezing in infants. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2013:89;559-66.

Copyright © 2013. Brasileira de Pediatria
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