Neonatal sepsis as a risk factor for neurodevelopmental changes in preterm infants with very low birth weight

Ferreira, Rachel C.; Mello, Rosane R.; Silva, Kátia S.

doi:10.1016/j.jpedp.2013.09.007

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Abstract

Objective

to evaluate neonatal sepsis as a risk factor for abnormal neuromotor and cognitive development in very low birth weight preterm infants at 12 months of corrected age.

Methods

this was a prospective cohort study that followed the neuromotor and cognitive development of 194 very low birth weight preterm infants discharged from a public neonatal intensive care unit. The Bayley Scale of Infant Development (second edition) at 12 months of corrected age was used. The outcomes were the results of the clinical/neurological evaluation and the scores of the psychomotor development index (PDI) and mental development index (MDI) of the Bayley Scale of Infant Development II. The association between neonatal sepsis and neuromotor development and between neonatal sepsis and cognitive development was verified by logistic regression analysis.

Results

mean birth weight was 1,119g (SD: 247) and mean gestational age was 29 weeks and 6 days (SD: 2). Approximately 44.3% (n=86) of the infants had neonatal sepsis and 40.7% (n=79) had abnormal neuromotor development and/or abnormal psychomotor development index (PDI<85) at 12 months of corrected age. On the mental scale, 76 (39.1%) children presented abnormal cognitive development (MDI<85). Children with neonatal sepsis were 2.5 times more likely to develop changes in neuromotor development (OR: 2.50; CI: 1.23-5.10). There was no association between neonatal sepsis and cognitive development impairment.

Conclusion

neonatal sepsis was an independent risk factor for neuromotor development impairment at 12 months of corrected age, but not for mental development impairment.

Keywords:

Psychomotor performance

Child development

Sepsis

Premature

Risk factors

Infant

Follow-up

Resumo

Objetivo

avaliar a sepse neonatal como fator de risco para alterações no desenvolvimento neuromotor e mental de prematuros de muito baixo peso aos 12 meses de idade corrigida.

Métodos

estudo de coorte prospectivo que acompanhou o desenvolvimento neuromotor e mental de 194 prematuros de muito baixo peso oriundos de uma UTI neonatal pública no Rio de Janeiro. Utilizou-se a Escala Bayley de Desenvolvimento Infantil (segunda edição) aos 12 meses de idade corrigida. Os desfechos foram o resultado da avaliação clínica/neu- rológica e os resultados da área motora da Escala Bayley e os resultados da área mental (cognitiva) da mesma escala. A associação entre sepse e o desenvolvimento neuromotor e entre sepse e o desenvolvimento mental foi verificada através de regressão logística.

Resultados

a média do peso ao nascer foi 1119g (DP 247) e da idade gestacional 29 semanas e 6 dias (DP 2). Cerca de 44,3% (n=86) das crianças apresentaram sepse neo- natal e 40,7% (n=79) apresentaram alteração neuromotora e/ou no índice do desen- volvimento psicomotor (PDI<85) aos 12 meses de idade corrigida. Na escala mental, 76 (39,1%) crianças apresentaram alteração (MDI<85). As crianças que apresentaram sepse neonatal tiveram 2,5 vezes mais chances de desenvolver alteração do desenvolvimento neuromotor do que as crianças que não apresentaram sepse (OR: 2,50; IC 1,23-5,10). Porém, não houve associação entre sepse neonatal e alteração cognitiva.

Conclusão

a sepse neonatal foi um fator de risco independente para alteração do de- senvolvimento neuromotor, mas não para alteração do desenvolvimento mental.

Palavras-chave:

Desempenho psicomotor

Desenvolvimento infantil

Sepse

Prematuro

Fatores de risco

Lactente

Seguimento

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☆

Como citar este artigo: Ferreira RC, Mello RR, Silva KS. Neonatal sepsis as a risk factor for neurodevelopmental changes in preterm infants with very low birth weight. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2014;90:293-9.

☆☆

Estudo realizado no Instituto Fernandes Figueira, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Avenida Rui Barbosa 716, Flamengo, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22250-020, Brasil.

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