Characteristics and Factors Associated with Health Care in Children Younger than 1 Year with Very Low Birth Weight

Melo, Ana M.C.; Kassar, Samir B.; Lira, Pedro I.C.; Coutinho, Sônia B.; Eickmann, Sophie H.; Lima, Marilia C.

doi:10.1016/j.jped.2013.02.012

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Abstract

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Abstract

Objectives

To identify the characteristics of health care in infants with very low birth weight during the first year of life and the factors associated with this care.

Methods

This was a descriptive study with an analytical component conducted in the city of Maceió, Northeastern Brazil, with a sample of 53 children with a median age of five months at the time of the interview, and their mothers. The mothers were interviewed at home regarding socioeconomic and demographic data and health care provided for the child. Health care was assessed through an index using 16 variables related to the recommended actions for this type of care.

Results

Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that maternal education and family income were the variables that best explained the health care index variation (18.9%), followed by parity (6.6%), and breastfeeding at the time of the interview (6.9%).

Conclusions

Considering that families with lower socioeconomic status, women with a higher number of children, and women who did not breastfeed were factors associated with poor health care of children born with very low birth weight, these variables should be included in measures of public health planning.

Keywords:

Very low birth weight newborn

Health care

Child care

Socioeconomic factors

Resumo

Objetivos

Identificar as características da assistência à saúde de lactentes com muito baixo peso ao nascer no primeiro ano de vida e os fatores associados a esta atenção.

Métodos

Estudo descritivo com componente analítico foi realizado na cidade de Maceió, Nordeste do Brasil, com uma amostra de 53 crianças com idade mediana de cinco meses na época da entrevista, e suas respectivas mães. As mães foram entrevistadas no domi- cílio, quanto às condições socioeconômicas, demográficas e de assistência à saúde da criança. A atenção à saúde foi avaliada com a elaboração de um índice utilizando 16 variáveis relacionadas às ações preconizadas para esta assistência.

Resultados

A análise de regressão linear multivariada mostrou que a escolaridade mater- na e a renda familiar foram as variáveis que, juntas, melhor explicaram a variação do Índice de Atenção à Saúde (18,9%), seguidas da paridade (6,6%) e da prática do aleita- mento materno na época da entrevista (6,9%).

Conclusões

Considerando que as famílias com piores condições socioeconômicas e as mulheres com maior número de filhos e que não amamentaram foram os fatores associa- dos a uma assistência inadequada à saúde de crianças nascidas com muito baixo peso, os mesmos deveriam ser contemplados nas ações de planejamento da saúde pública.

Palavras-chave:

Recém-nascido de muito baixo peso

Assistência à saúde

Cuidado da criança

Fatores socioeconômicos

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☆

Please, cite this article as: Melo AM, Kassar SB, Lira PI, Coutinho SB, Eickmann SH, Lima MC. Characteristics and factors associated with health care in children younger than 1 year with very low birth weight. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2013;89:75-82.

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