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Vol. 89. Issue 5.
Pages 444-449 (September - October 2013)
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Vol. 89. Issue 5.
Pages 444-449 (September - October 2013)
ARTIGO ORIGINAL
Open Access
Risk factors for need of mechanical ventilation in hildren with Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09
Fatores de risco para necessidade de ventilação mecânica em crianças com Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09
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Marcelo C. Scottaa,
Corresponding author
marcelo.scotta@ufrgs.br

Corresponding author.
, Rita Mattiellob, Paulo J.C. Marósticac, Marcus H. Jonesd, Letícia G. Martinse, Gilberto B. Fischerf
a Mestrando em Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil. Infectologista Pediátrico, Hospital da Criança Santo Antônio, Departamento de Pediatria, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
b Professora Associada de Pediatria, PhD em Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente, Epidemiologista, Instituto de Pesquisas Biomédicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
c Professor Associado de Pediatria, Unidade de Emergência Pediátrica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
d Professor Associado de Pediatria, Instituto de Pesquisas Biomédicas, Faculdade de Medicina, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
e Especialista em Vigilância em Saúde, Divisão de Vigilância Epidemiológica, Secretaria Estadual da Saúde do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
f Titular de Pediatria, Universidade Federal das Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
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J Pediatr (Rio J). 2013;89:421-310.1016/j.jpedp.2013.06.002
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Article information
Abstract
Objective

: The pandemic caused by influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus peaked between July and August of 2009 in southern Brazil, with the highest incidence in children and young adults. In the post-pandemic period, there was an increase in the incidence of cases during the winter months of 2011 and 2012 in Brazil, similar to seasonal influenza virus. Since infections due to pandemic influenza are still occurring, the present study aimed to investigate the risk factors for worse outcome in children.

Methods

: A retrospective cohort study was performed by reviewing the charts of hospitalized patients younger than 14 years with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) positive for influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 during the first pandemic wave in six Brazilian tertiary centers. Need for mechanical ventilation was defined as the severity of outcome; age, chronic diseases, bacterial and viral co-detection, chest radiograph findings, and use of oseltamivir were possible predictors.

Results

: In the present study, 120 patients were included. In a multivariate analysis, chronic diseases (prevalence ratio: 2.613, 95% CI: 1.267-5.386) and viral co-detection (prevalence ratio: 2.43, 95% CI: 1.203-4.905) were statistically associated with worse outcome (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

: The presence of chronic diseases as predictors reinforces previous finding. Furthermore, viral co-detection was found to be a risk factor. Further studies are necessary to confirm this association.

Keywords:
Influenza A H1N1 subtype
Risk factors
Respiratory insufficiency
Child
Resumo
Objetivo

: A pandemia causada pelo vírus Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 teve seu pico nos meses de julho e agosto de 2009, no Sul do Brasil, sendo a incidência mais alta em crianças e adultos jovens. No período pós-pandêmico, no Brasil, houve aumento de casos nos meses de inverno dos anos de 2011 e 2012, de forma semelhante ao vírus influenza sazonal. Como ainda estão ocorrendo infecções devido ao influenza pandêmico, nosso objetivo foi investigar fatores de risco para pior desfecho em crianças.

Métodos

: Foi realizado um estudo de coorte retrospectivo analisando as fichas de pacien- tes menores de 14 anos hospitalizados e com RT-PCR positiva para Influenza A(H1N1) pdm09 durante a primeira onda, em seis centros terciários brasileiros. Definimos a necessidade de ventilação mecânica como desfecho com gravidade e, como possíveis preditores, os fatores idade, doenças crônicas, codetecção bacteriana e viral, achados da radiografia do tórax e uso de oseltamivir.

Resultados

: No presente estudo, foram incluídos120 pacientes. Em uma análise multi- variada, doenças crônicas (razão de prevalência: 2,613; intervalo de confiança de 95%: 1,267 a 5,386) e codetecção viral (razão de prevalência: 2,43; intervalo de confiança de 95%: 1,203 a 4,905) se associaram estatisticamente a um pior desfecho (p < 0,05).

Conclusões

: A presença de doenças crônicas como preditores reforça evidências prévias. Além disso, verificamos que a codetecção viral é fator de risco. São necessários outros estudos para confirmar essa associação.

Palavras-chave:
Influenza A subtipo H1N1
Fatores de risco
Insuficiência respiratória
Criança
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Como citar este artigo: Scotta MC, Mattiello R, Marostica PJ, Jones MH, Martins LG, Fischer GB. Risk factors for need of mechanical ventilation in children with Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2013;89:444-9.

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