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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0065">Introduction</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Invasive blood pressure &#40;BP&#41; monitoring is essential for patients during and after open-heart surgery &#40;OHS&#41;&#44; and the radial artery is the most common site of catheterization during OHS&#46; However&#44; many investigators have reported that&#44; in adults&#44; during the early phase of cardiopulmonary bypass &#40;CPB&#41;&#44; the femoral arterial pressure is significantly higher than the peripheral arterial pressure&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#44;2</span></a> However&#44; to the best of the authors&#8217; knowledge&#44; few studies have investigated the difference between femoral and radial arterial BP during surgery and postoperative period in neonates and infants&#46;</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In the present study&#44; the differences in BP between the radial and femoral arteries in neonates and infants during the perioperative period were evaluated to determine whether they were clinically relevant&#44; and to identify the patient groups in which these differences occurred&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0070">Materials and methods</span><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This was a respective review of data&#44; and the study was approved by the Institutional Review Board &#40;CNUH-2015-024&#41;&#46; The authors retrospectively reviewed both surgical and medical data of patients under 1 year of age who had undergone open-heart surgery between January 2007 and December 2013&#46; The exclusion criteria were as follows&#58; OHS without ACC&#44; CPB weaning failure&#44; conversion to extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support&#44; early hospital mortality &#40;&#60;24<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h&#41;&#44; lack of simultaneous catheterization in the radial and femoral arteries&#44; and congenital heart disease that could have affected the discrepancy in BP of these arteries&#44; such as aortic arch anomalies&#46; Demographic data&#44; including age at diagnosis&#44; age at surgery&#44; sex&#44; weight&#44; height&#44; and body surface area&#44; were reviewed&#46; Preoperative factors&#44; such as cardiac diagnosis and medications were also reviewed in all patients&#46; Among the intraoperative data&#44; the duration of CPB and ACC time was assessed&#46;</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Radial and femoral arterial catheters were placed after induction of anesthesia&#46; Radial cannulation was performed with a 24<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>G Jelco&#174; IV Radiopaque Catheter &#40;Smith Medical International Ltd&#46; &#8211; Rossendala&#44; United Kingdom&#41;&#46; Femoral arterial catheterization was performed using the Seldinger technique with a 22-G and 4&#46;45-cm radiopaque catheter in a pediatric multi-lumen central venous catheterization set with a Blue FlexTip&#174; catheter &#40;Teleflex Medical &#8211; Plymouth&#44; MN&#44; USA&#41;&#46; The arterial catheters were connected to two pressure transducers &#40;Transpac&#174; IV monitoring kit&#59; ICU Medical &#8211; San Clemente&#44; CA&#44; USA&#41;&#46; The pressure transducer was placed at the level of the right atrium&#46; Systolic blood pressure &#40;SBP&#41;&#44; diastolic blood pressure &#40;DBP&#41;&#44; and MBP of each artery were measured continuously and simultaneously&#46; All numbers were recorded in a digital chart by anesthesiologists every 5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min in the operating room &#40;OR&#41; and by intensive care unit &#40;ICU&#41; nurses every 1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h in the ICU&#46; The detailed single digits were available&#46;</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">BP values from both arteries were assessed at various times&#58; preoperative &#40;after catheter insertion following induction of anesthesia and prior to skin incision&#41;&#44; intraoperative &#40;after the beginning of CPB&#44; after ACC&#44; after release of ACC&#44; and after weaning from CPB&#41;&#44; and postoperative period &#40;every 6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h during the first day in the ICU&#41;&#46; The MBP data between the two arteries were then compared&#46; The patients were divided into subgroups according to age &#40;neonates and early infants less than 3 months and older infants between 3 and 12 months&#41;&#44; according to CPB time &#40;&#60;60<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min&#44; 60&#8211;120<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min&#44; &#62;120<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min&#41;&#44; and according to the vasoactive inotropic score &#40;VIS&#41; calculated from the mean VIS values within the first 24<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h in ICU &#40;&#60;20&#44; 20&#8211;40&#44; &#62;40&#41;&#46; Then&#44; the differences between radial and femoral MBP were assessed in each subgroup&#46; The VIS was calculated as follows&#58; dopamine dose &#40;mcg&#47;kg&#47;min&#41;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>dobutamine &#40;mcg&#47;kg&#47;min&#41;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>100<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#215;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>epinephrine dose &#40;mcg&#47;kg&#47;min&#41;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>10<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#215;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>milrinone dose &#40;mcg&#47;kg&#47;min&#41;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>10&#44;000<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#215;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>vasopressin dose &#40;U&#47;kg&#47;min&#41;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>100<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#215;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>norepinephrine dose &#40;mcg&#47;kg&#47;min&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0080"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a></p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">t</span>-test for independent samples was used to compare continuous variables between groups&#46; Repeated measures analysis of variance &#40;ANOVA&#41; was used to compare the serial values between radial and femoral arterial pressure during the operation and ICU stay&#46; Odds ratios with 95&#37; confidence intervals were calculated by logistic regression analysis according to the risk of lower blood pressure in the radial artery during CPB weaning period&#46; In all analyses&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>-values &#60;0&#46;05 were considered to indicate statistical significance&#46; The statistical software package SPSS &#40;IBM Statistics for Windows&#44; Version 21&#46;0&#44; NY&#44; USA&#41; was used for all data analyses&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">Results</span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0080">Patient demographics during preoperative period</span><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A total of 121 patients who underwent open-heart surgery fulfilled our inclusion criteria&#46; The study population consisted of 50 patients &#40;41&#46;3&#37;&#41; under 3 months of age and 71 patients &#40;58&#46;7&#37;&#41; between 3 and 12 months&#46; Mean body weight was 6&#46;94<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>9&#46;97<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>kg&#46; Mean CPB time was 111&#46;82<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>68&#46;37<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min&#44; mean ACC time was 65&#46;30<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>32&#46;57<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min&#44; and mean VIS was 28&#46;54<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>24&#46;45 &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>&#41;&#46; No significant differences were observed in BP between the femoral and radial arteries prior to the initiation of CPB &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0085">Intraoperative pressure monitoring between the radial and femoral arteries over time</span><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">From the beginning to the end of CPB&#44; radial MBPs were significantly lower than femoral MBPs at each time-pint measured &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;05&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>&#41;&#46; The authors also analyzed the characteristics of the patients who had a radial MBP lower than 10<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mmHg compared with the femoral MBP during the CPB weaning period&#59; this applied to 37 patients &#40;30&#46;1&#37;&#41;&#46; Multivariate analysis revealed that a longer CPB time &#40;&#62;60<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min&#41; represented a risk factor for lower radial pressure &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0090">Postoperative pressure monitoring between the radial and femoral arteries over time</span><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">During the postoperative period&#44; no significant differences in MBP were observed between the two arteries &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>&#41;&#46; Even when patients were divided into subgroups according to age&#44; CPB time&#44; and VIS&#44; the analysis showed no significant differences between the radial and femoral MAP for each subgroup &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">Table 3</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0015"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0095">Safety of radial artery and femoral artery catheterization and related complications</span><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The formation of small &#40;&#60;2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cm&#41; hematomas occurred in three patients and local infection was observed in one patient&#46; There were no cases of perfusion-related limb ischemia in either of the arteries&#46;</p></span></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0100">Discussion</span><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Many investigators have reported the safety of femoral arterial catheterization during adult cardiac surgery<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0085"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4&#44;5</span></a>&#59; however&#44; studies on the characteristics of femoral arterial pressure monitoring in neonates and infants are few&#46; In the present study&#44; the authors examined the differences between femoral and radial blood pressure in neonates and infants and observed that radial arterial pressure was usually underestimated as compared to femoral arterial pressure during the CPB-on period in this population&#46; However&#44; this phenomenon did not extend into the ICU period&#46;</p><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In general&#44; as the arterial pressure waveform moves toward the peripheral artery&#44; the systolic pressure gradually increases and the systolic portion of the waveforms becomes narrower&#46; Diastolic pressure usually decreases and mean pressure remains unchanged or decreases minimally&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0095"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> However&#44; this phenomenon is influenced by the clinical condition of the patient&#44; including the presence of peripheral vascular disease&#44; the use of vasoactive agents&#44; and body temperature&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0100"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7&#8211;9</span></a></p><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Cardiac surgery with CPB is the most important factor affecting discrepancies in intra-arterial pressure between central and peripheral arteries&#44; and several studies have reported such findings during and after adult cardiac surgery&#59; this has become an established pathophysiological feature of adult cardiac surgery&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#44;2</span></a> Vasomotor dysfunction after cardiac surgery with CPB results in reduced peripheral vascular resistance&#44; which clinically manifests as an underestimation of BP in the peripheral arteries&#46; This phenomenon occurs secondary to abnormal vascular permeability and tissue edema&#44; which can contribute to dysfunction in the heart&#44; lung&#44; brain&#44; kidneys&#44; and other organs&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0115"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10&#44;11</span></a> Therefore&#44; although the peripheral arterial pressure&#44; such as that in the radial artery&#44; is more commonly monitored during cardiac surgery&#44; it tends to be underestimated and its reliability has been called into question&#46;</p><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Reduced radial arterial pressure can be caused by vasospasm as a result of certain thermoregulatory mechanisms&#59; similarly&#44; femoral to radial pressure gradients have been observed in patients with hypothermic circulatory arrest or in critically ill surgical patients treated with high doses of vasoactive agents&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0110"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9&#44;12&#44;13</span></a> Chauhan et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> reported that FAP monitoring was more reliable during the initial part of CPB in 60 patients of all ages &#40;range&#58; 3&#8211;65 years&#41; undergoing cardiac surgery&#46; These authors found that femoral arterial pressure was higher than radial arterial pressure during CPB&#44; especially during the initiation of CPB&#59; however&#44; the differences between the radial and femoral arterial pressure were lower after 60<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min of CPB&#46; Their study population consisted of 60 patients&#44; and included a wide age range&#59; this represented a major difference when compared to the present study&#44; which focused only on patients younger than 1 years of age and found that femoral arterial pressure was higher at the initiation of CPB and immediately after ACC release in all neonates and infants&#46;</p><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In the present study&#44; the location of the distal tip of the femoral catheter was not confirmed&#46; Nonetheless&#44; the length of catheter for the femoral artery was 4&#46;45<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cm&#59; therefore&#44; it can be assumed that in smaller patients&#44; the distal tip would be located in the descending aorta&#44; and in larger patients&#44; it might be located in the descending aorta or in the bifurcation of iliac arteries&#46; While femoral arterial pressure represents central aortic pressure more accurately&#44; there have been some reports of complications caused by femoral arterial catheterization&#46; Several studies have indicated a complication rate of 2&#46;4&#8211;25&#46;0&#37; associated with femoral arterial catheterization in neonates and infants&#46; Dumond et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0130"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a> reported that the incidence of pedal pulse loss&#44; distal to the catheter&#44; in neonates and infants&#44; was related to the size of the catheter and duration of use&#46; Longer duration or larger size was directly related to perfusion-related complications from femoral arterial catheterization&#46; In the present study&#44; only transient and minor complications were observed&#44; such as small hematomas and local erythema&#59; no major complications such as limb ischemia associated with femoral arterial cannulation were observed&#46; However&#44; further prospective studies using serial ultrasonography are now needed to fully determine the safety of femoral arterial cannulation&#46; Moreover&#44; aseptic maneuvers should be performed by an experienced physician&#44; and it is essential to carefully monitor the insertion site and limb color distal to the site of catheterization&#46;</p><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This study was limited by its retrospective study design&#44; and by the fact that this was a single institutional study with a small sample size in patients with a variety of congenital heart diseases&#46; In the ICU&#44; BP was measured hourly&#44; which does not always represent the pattern of BP during the entire hour&#46; Furthermore&#44; no objective diagnostic method such as ultrasound was used to assess complications&#46; In the authors&#8217; experience&#44; the number of both radial and femoral attempts increases in sicker and smaller children&#46; It could therefore be theorized that the increased number of radial attempts in sicker &#40;longer bypass&#41; and younger children could traumatize the artery and thus contribute to the lower readings obtained&#46; Further studies are needed to investigate the number of cannulation attempts and the associated pressure differences&#46;</p><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors conclude that&#44; in our this study population&#44; radial arterial pressure was usually underestimated compared to femoral arterial pressure after the initiation of CPB&#44; and that the differences between radial and femoral arterial pressure were more marked in patients with longer CPB time&#46; It was also observed that these pressure differences were not apparent during the ICU period&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0105">Funding</span><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This study was supported by a grant &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleGrantNumber" refid="gs1">CRI 11083-33</span>&#41; from the <span class="elsevierStyleGrantSponsor" id="gs1">Chonnam National University Hospital Biomedical Research Institute</span> and by a grant &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleGrantNumber" refid="gs3">NRF-2016R1D1A1A02937493</span>&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleGrantNumber" refid="gs3">NRF-2015R1C1A1A02037778</span> and <span class="elsevierStyleGrantNumber" refid="gs3">NRF-2016R1D1A3B03935986</span>&#41; through the <span class="elsevierStyleGrantSponsor" id="gs2">Ministry of Education of the Republic of Korea</span> and <span class="elsevierStyleGrantSponsor" id="gs3">National Research Foundation of Korea</span>&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0110">Conflicts of interest</span><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare no conflicts of interest&#46;</p></span></span>"
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          "identificador" => "xres1402840"
          "titulo" => "Abstract"
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              "identificador" => "abst0005"
              "titulo" => "Objective"
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            1 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "abst0010"
              "titulo" => "Method"
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            2 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "abst0015"
              "titulo" => "Results"
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            3 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "abst0020"
              "titulo" => "Conclusion"
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          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1284287"
          "titulo" => "Keywords"
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          "titulo" => "Resumo"
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            0 => array:2 [
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              "titulo" => "Objetivo"
            ]
            1 => array:2 [
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              "titulo" => "M&#233;todo"
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            2 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "abst0035"
              "titulo" => "Resultados"
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            3 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "abst0040"
              "titulo" => "Conclus&#227;o"
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          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1284288"
          "titulo" => "Palabras clave"
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        4 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "sec0005"
          "titulo" => "Introduction"
        ]
        5 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "sec0010"
          "titulo" => "Materials and methods"
        ]
        6 => array:3 [
          "identificador" => "sec0015"
          "titulo" => "Results"
          "secciones" => array:4 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "sec0020"
              "titulo" => "Patient demographics during preoperative period"
            ]
            1 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "sec0025"
              "titulo" => "Intraoperative pressure monitoring between the radial and femoral arteries over time"
            ]
            2 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "sec0030"
              "titulo" => "Postoperative pressure monitoring between the radial and femoral arteries over time"
            ]
            3 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "sec0035"
              "titulo" => "Safety of radial artery and femoral artery catheterization and related complications"
            ]
          ]
        ]
        7 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "sec0040"
          "titulo" => "Discussion"
        ]
        8 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "sec0045"
          "titulo" => "Funding"
        ]
        9 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "sec0050"
          "titulo" => "Conflicts of interest"
        ]
        10 => array:1 [
          "titulo" => "References"
        ]
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    ]
    "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf"
    "tienePdf" => true
    "fechaRecibido" => "2016-12-26"
    "fechaAceptado" => "2017-02-20"
    "PalabrasClave" => array:1 [
      "en" => array:1 [
        0 => array:4 [
          "clase" => "keyword"
          "titulo" => "Keywords"
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1284287"
          "palabras" => array:5 [
            0 => "Infant"
            1 => "Neonate"
            2 => "Congenital heart disease"
            3 => "Invasive blood pressure monitoring"
            4 => "Femoral artery"
          ]
        ]
      ]
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    "resumen" => array:2 [
      "en" => array:3 [
        "titulo" => "Abstract"
        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Objective</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Several reports claim that blood pressure &#40;BP&#41; in the radial artery may underestimate the accurate BP in critically ill patients&#46; Here&#44; the authors evaluated differences in mean blood pressure &#40;MBP&#41; between the radial and femoral artery during pediatric cardiac surgery to determine the effectiveness of femoral arterial BP monitoring&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Method</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The medical records of children under 1 year of age who underwent open-heart surgery between 2007 and 2013 were retrospectively reviewed&#46; Radial and femoral BP were measured simultaneously&#44; and the differences between these values were analyzed at various times&#58; after catheter insertion&#44; after the initiation of cardiopulmonary bypass &#40;CPB-on&#41;&#44; after aortic cross clamping &#40;ACC&#41;&#44; after the release of ACC&#44; after weaning from CPB&#44; at arrival in the intensive care unit &#40;ICU&#41;&#44; and every 6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h during the first day in the ICU&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Results</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A total of 121 patients who underwent open-heart surgery met the inclusion criteria&#46; During the intraoperative period&#44; from the beginning to the end of CPB&#44; radial MBPs were significantly lower than femoral MBPs at each time-point measured &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;05&#41;&#46; Multivariate analysis showed that longer CPB time &#40;&#62;60<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min&#44; odds ratio&#58; 7&#46;47&#41; was a risk factor for lower radial pressure&#46; However&#44; discrepancies between these two values disappeared after arrival in the ICU&#46; There was no incidence of ischemic complications associated with the catheterization of both arteries&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Conclusion</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The authors suggest that femoral arterial pressure monitoring can be safely performed&#44; even in neonates&#44; and provides more accurate BP values during CPB-on periods&#44; and immediately after weaning from CPB&#44; especially when CPB time was greater than 60<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min&#46;</p></span>"
        "secciones" => array:4 [
          0 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0005"
            "titulo" => "Objective"
          ]
          1 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0010"
            "titulo" => "Method"
          ]
          2 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0015"
            "titulo" => "Results"
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          3 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0020"
            "titulo" => "Conclusion"
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      "pt" => array:3 [
        "titulo" => "Resumo"
        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Objetivo</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Diversos relatos alegam que a press&#227;o arterial &#40;PA&#41; na art&#233;ria radial poder&#225; subestimar a PA precisa em pacientes gravemente doentes&#46; Aqui&#44; avaliamos diferen&#231;as na press&#227;o arterial m&#233;dia &#40;PAM&#41; entre a art&#233;ria radial e femoral durante cirurgia card&#237;aca pedi&#225;trica para determinar a efic&#225;cia do monitoramento da PA da art&#233;ria femoral&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">M&#233;todo</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Realizamos uma an&#225;lise retrospectiva de prontu&#225;rios m&#233;dicos de crian&#231;as com menos de 1 ano de idade submetidas a cirurgia de cora&#231;&#227;o aberto entre 2007 e 2013&#46; As PAs radial e femoral foram auferidas simultaneamente&#44; as diferen&#231;as entre esses valores foram analisadas diversas vezes&#58; ap&#243;s a inser&#231;&#227;o do cateter&#44; ap&#243;s o in&#237;cio do <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">bypass</span> cardiopulmonar &#40;CPB-on&#41;&#44; ap&#243;s pin&#231;amento cruzado da aorta &#40;ACC&#41;&#44; ap&#243;s a libera&#231;&#227;o do ACC&#44; ap&#243;s desmame do CPB&#44; na entrada na unidade de terapia intensiva &#40;UTI&#41; e a cada 6 horas durante o primeiro dia na unidade de terapia intensiva &#40;UTI&#41;&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Resultados</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Um total de 121 pacientes submetidos a cirurgia de cora&#231;&#227;o aberto atenderam aos nossos crit&#233;rios de inclus&#227;o&#46; Durante o transoperat&#243;rio&#44; do in&#237;cio ao t&#233;rmino do CPB&#44; as PAMs da art&#233;ria radial foram significativamente menores do que as PAMs da art&#233;ria femoral em cada ponto de medi&#231;&#227;o &#40;p &#60; 0&#44;05&#41;&#46; A an&#225;lise multivariada mostrou que a dura&#231;&#227;o mais longa do CPB &#40;&#62; 60 minutos&#44; Raz&#227;o de Chance &#61; 7&#44;47&#41; representou um fator de risco de press&#227;o radial mais baixa&#46; Contudo&#44; as diferen&#231;as entre esses dois valores desapareceram ap&#243;s a entrada na UTI&#46; N&#227;o houve incid&#234;ncia de complica&#231;&#245;es isqu&#234;micas associadas &#224; cateteriza&#231;&#227;o de ambas as art&#233;rias&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Conclus&#227;o</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Sugerimos que o monitoramento da press&#227;o arterial femoral pode ser realizado com seguran&#231;a&#44; mesmo em neonatos&#44; e fornece valores da PA mais precisos durante per&#237;odos de CPB-on e imediatamente ap&#243;s o desmame do CPB&#44; principalmente nos casos em que a dura&#231;&#227;o do CPB foi superior a 60 minutos&#46;</p></span>"
        "secciones" => array:4 [
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          2 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0035"
            "titulo" => "Resultados"
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            "titulo" => "Conclus&#227;o"
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        "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0015">Please cite this article as&#58; Cho HJ&#44; Lee SH&#44; Jeong IS&#44; Yoon NS&#44; Ma JS&#44; Ahn BH&#46; Differences in perioperative femoral and radial arterial blood pressure in neonates and infants undergoing cardiac surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass&#46; J Pediatr &#40;Rio J&#41;&#46; 2018&#59;94&#58;76&#8211;81&#46;</p>"
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          "en" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Change of mean blood pressure in the radial and femoral artery according to time&#46; &#40;A&#41; Comparison of mean blood pressure during the intra-operative period &#40;a&#44; b&#44; c&#44; d&#58; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;05&#41;&#46; &#40;B&#41; Comparison of mean blood pressure within the first post-operative 24<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h&#46; ACC&#44; aortic cross clamp&#59; CPB&#44; cardiopulmonary bypass&#59; ICU&#44; intensive care unit&#59; MAP&#44; mean arterial pressure&#59; PreOp&#44; preoperative&#46;</p>"
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                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;40&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">23 &#40;19&#46;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
              ]
              "imagenFichero" => array:1 [
                0 => "xTab2405947.png"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          "notaPie" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "tblfn0005"
              "etiqueta" => "a"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Data are presented as the number of cases &#40;&#37;&#41; for categorical variables or as means<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>standard deviations for continuous variables&#46;</p>"
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "tblfn0010"
              "etiqueta" => "b"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0010">VIS is presented as mean values within the first 24<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h period in the ICU&#46;</p>"
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Patients&#8217; characteristics during the perioperative period &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>121 patients&#41;&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      2 => array:8 [
        "identificador" => "tbl0010"
        "etiqueta" => "Table 2"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "detalles" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "at2"
            "detalle" => "Table "
            "rol" => "short"
          ]
        ]
        "tabla" => array:2 [
          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0065" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">ACC&#44; aortic cross clamp&#59; CI&#44; confidential interval&#59; CPB&#44; cardiopulmonary bypass&#59; FAP&#44; femoral arterial pressure&#59; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">m</span>&#44; mean&#59; PG&#44; pressure gradient&#59; RAP&#44; radial arterial pressure&#59; VIS&#44; vasoactive inotropic score&#46;</p>"
          "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col">Variable&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="3" align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">PG &#40;mFAP&#8211;mRAP&#41;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>10<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mmHg</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Odds ratio&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">95&#37; CI&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>-Value&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">ACC time<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>60<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;40&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;17&#8211;0&#46;87&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;02&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">CPB time<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>60<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">7&#46;47&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#46;89&#8211;19&#46;27&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;01&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Age<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3 months&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;64&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;25&#8211;1&#46;58&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;33&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">VIS<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>20 during CBP weaning&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#46;01&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;97&#8211;1&#46;03&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;71&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
              ]
              "imagenFichero" => array:1 [
                0 => "xTab2405945.png"
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0060" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Multivariate analyses of lower blood pressure in the radial artery during the CPB weaning period&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      3 => array:8 [
        "identificador" => "tbl0015"
        "etiqueta" => "Table 3"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "detalles" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "at3"
            "detalle" => "Table "
            "rol" => "short"
          ]
        ]
        "tabla" => array:2 [
          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0075" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">CPB&#44; cardiopulmonary bypass&#59; FAP&#44; femoral arterial pressure&#59; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">m</span>&#44; mean&#59; RAP&#44; systolic radial arterial pressure&#59; s&#44; systolic&#59; VIS&#44; vasoactive inotropic score&#46;</p>"
          "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Variable&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Subtype&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">12<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">18<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">24<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>-Value&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " rowspan="4" align="left" valign="middle">Age</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " rowspan="2" align="left" valign="middle">&#60;3 month</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">mRAP&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">67&#46;47<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>14&#46;12&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">56&#46;28<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>19&#46;54&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">62&#46;18<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>11&#46;45&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">63&#46;61<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>16&#46;40&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">65&#46;85<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>10&#46;58&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " rowspan="2" align="char" valign="middle">0&#46;64</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">mFAP&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">66&#46;00<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>13&#46;88&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">60&#46;59<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>10&#46;72&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">61&#46;85<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>11&#46;08&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">62&#46;17<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>19&#46;02&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">63&#46;22<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>16&#46;81&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " rowspan="2" align="left" valign="middle">&#8805;3 month</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">mRAP&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">74&#46;10<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>12&#46;25&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">64&#46;89<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>18&#46;43&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">69&#46;18<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>7&#46;98&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">mFAP&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">71&#46;71<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>19&#46;50&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">mFAP&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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