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Vol. 89. Issue 3.
Pages 263-268 (May - June 2013)
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Vol. 89. Issue 3.
Pages 263-268 (May - June 2013)
ARTIGO ORIGINAL
Open Access
Breast milk fatty acid composition of women living far from the coastal area in Brazil
Composição de ácidos graxos do leite materno em mulheres residentes em área distante da costa litorânea brasileira
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Renata Y. Nishimuraa, Gabriela S.F. de Castrob, Alceu A. Jordão Juniorc, Daniela S. Sartorellid,
Corresponding author
daniss@fmrp.usp.br

Corresponding author.
a Mestre, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto (FMRP), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brasil
b Doutoranda, Departamento de Clínica Médica, FMRP, USP, SP, Brasil
c Doutor. Departamento de Medicina Social, FMRP, USP, SP, Brasil
d Doutora. Departamento de Clínica Médica, FMRP, USP, SP, Brasil
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Under a Creative Commons license
Article information
Abstract
Objectives

To evaluate the fatty acid composition of mature human milk of women living far from the coastal area of Brazil.

Methods

Mature breast milk samples were obtained from 47 lactating women aged between 18 and 35 years, who delivered their babies at term and who exclusively or predominantly breastfed. Milk collection took place after the fifth week postpartum by hand expression. The fatty acid composition of the milk was determined by gas chro- matography.

Results

It was observed that the concentration of eicosapentaenoic acid (0.08%) was higher than that observed in previous studies in Brazil. However, the content of doco- sahexaenoic acid (0.09%) found in human milk was one of the lowest verified in the world. The content of trans fatty acids (2.05%) was similar to that reported in national studies previous to the mandatory declaration of this fatty acid content in food labels, suggesting that this measure had no effect on reducing the content of this fatty acid in the usual diet of women.

Conclusions

Low levels of docosahexaenoic acid and high concentrations of trans fatty acids were observed in mature breast milk of women living far from the coastal area in Brazil.

Keywords:
Fatty acids
Human breast milk
Lactation
Resumo
Objetivos

Avaliar a composição de ácidos graxos do leite humano maduro de mulheres residentes em área distante da costa litorânea brasileira.

Métodos

Amostras de leite materno maduro foram obtidas de 47 mulheres lactantes com idade entre 18 e 35 anos, que tiveram partos a termo e em aleitamento exclusivo ou predominante. A coleta de leite se deu a partir da 5ª semana pós-parto, por meio de ordenha manual. A composição de ácidos graxos do leite foi determinada por cromato- grafia gasosa.

Resultados

Verificou-se que a concentração de eicosapentaenoico (0,08%) foi superior ao observado em estudos brasileiros prévios. Entretanto, o teor de docosahexaenoico (0,09%) encontrado no leite humano foi um dos menores já verificados no mundo. O teor de ácidos graxos trans (2,05%) foi similar ao relatado em estudos nacionais prévios à obrigatoriedade de declaração do teor deste em rótulos de alimentos, sugerindo que esta medida não surtiu efeito na redução de seu teor na dieta habitual das mulheres.

Conclusões

Baixo teor de docosahexaenoico e elevada concentração de ácidos graxos trans foram verificados no leite materno maduro de mulheres residentes em área dis- tante da costa litorânea brasileira.

Palavras-chave:
Ácidos graxos
Leite materno
Lactação
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Nishimura RY, Castro GS, Junior AA, Sartorelli DS. Breast milk fatty acid composition of women living far from the coastal area in Brazil. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2013;89:263-8.

Copyright © 2013. Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria
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