Article information
Abstract
Objective
Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is highly prevalent, and its symptoms often represent a significant public health problem; thus, the aim of this study was to verify emergency situations caused by certain comorbidities, or by exposing the patient to a higher risk of accidents.
Data sourceA literature search was carried out in the PubMed database between the years 1992 and 2012, using the key words “adhd”, “urgency”, “comorbidity”, “substance disorder”, “alcohol”, “eating disorder”, “suicide”, “trauma”, “abuse”, “crime”, “internet”, “videogame”, “bullying”, and their combinations. The selection considered the most relevant articles according to the scope of the proposed topic, performed in a non-systematic way.
Data synthesisSeveral situations were observed in which ADHD is the most relevant psychiatric diagnosis in relation to its urgency, such as the risk of accidents, suicide risk and addition, exposure to violence, or risk of internet abuse or sexual abuse; or when ADHD is the most prevalent comorbidity and is also correlated with emergency situations, such as in bipolar and eating disorders.
ConclusionsThe results show several comorbidities and risk situations involving the diagnosis of ADHD, thus reinforcing the importance of their identification for the adequate treatment of this disorder.
Keywords:
Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Urgency
Comorbidity
Resumo
Objetivo
O transtorno de déficit de atenção/hiperatividade (TDAH) apresenta alta prevalência, e seus sintomas apresentam-se frequentemente como um problema de saúde pública considerável. Assim, o objetivo desta revisão é verificar estas situações de urgência provocadas por determinadas comorbidades, ou por expor o paciente a um maior risco de acidentes.
Fonte dos dadosFoi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica na base de dados PubMed entre os anos de 1992 e 2012, utilizando os descritores “adhd”, “urgency”, “comorbidity”, “substance disorder”, “alcohol”, “eating disorder”, “suicide”, “trauma”, “abuse”, “crime”, “internet”, “videogame”, “bullying”, e suas combinações. A seleção dos artigos considerou aqueles mais relevantes de acordo com a abrangência do tema proposto, de forma não sistemática.
Síntese dos dadosForam encontradas diversas situações em que o TDAH é o diagnóstico psiquiátrico mais relevante em relação à urgência, como risco de acidentes, risco de suicídio e adição, exposição à violência ou risco de abuso de internet ou abuso sexual; ou então o TDAH é a comorbidade mais prevalente e está igualmente correlacionada à urgência, como no transtorno de humor bipolar e nos transtornos alimentares.
ConclusõesNossos resultados mostram diversas comorbidades e situações de risco envolvendo o diagnóstico de TDAH e, assim, reforçam a importância de serem reconhecidas para um tratamento adequado deste transtorno.
Palavras-chave:
Transtorno de déficit de atenção/hiperatividade
Urgência
Comorbidade
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Please, cite this article as: Reinhardt MC, Reinhardt CA. Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder, comorbidities, and risk situations. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2013;89:124−30.
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