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como ambiente domiciliar com estimula&#231;&#227;o inadequada&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0230"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4&#44;5</span></a> Na pr&#233;&#8208;escola&#44; crian&#231;as expostas a esses fatores podem apresentar maior frequ&#234;ncia de dificuldades emocionais&#44; comportamento agitado&#44; defici&#234;ncias nas fun&#231;&#245;es executivas e no autocontrole&#44; dificuldade de aprendizagem&#44; Transtorno do D&#233;ficit de Aten&#231;&#227;o &#40;TDAH&#41; e problemas na sa&#250;de mental&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0220"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2&#44;6&#44;7</span></a></p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Em pa&#237;ses de baixa e m&#233;dia renda&#44; o risco social e o risco biol&#243;gico&#44; representado pela prematuridade&#44; muitas vezes ocorrem concomitantemente&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0250"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8&#44;9</span></a> A prematuridade est&#225; associada ao aumento da morbidade neonatal&#44; que gera risco para d&#233;ficits sensoriais&#44; de aten&#231;&#227;o&#44; dificuldades de aprendizagem&#44; sintomas de TDAH e autismo&#44; atraso motor ou global do desenvolvimento e paralisia cerebral &#40;PC&#41;&#44; o que limita a participa&#231;&#227;o social e reduz a qualidade de vida dessas crian&#231;as&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0260"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10&#8211;15</span></a></p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Investimentos na primeira inf&#226;ncia podem reduzir os efeitos dos riscos sociais e biol&#243;gicos e trazer benef&#237;cios ao longo da vida&#46; Interven&#231;&#227;o precoce refere&#8208;se a programas preventivos implantados logo ap&#243;s o nascimento e at&#233; os&#160;tr&#234;s&#160;anos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0250"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> e consiste em servi&#231;os cl&#237;nico&#8208;terap&#234;uticos multidisciplinares prestados &#224;s crian&#231;as em condi&#231;&#245;es de risco e suas fam&#237;lias com a finalidade de promover a sa&#250;de infantil e o bem&#8208;estar&#44; estimular as compet&#234;ncias emergentes&#44; minimizar atrasos do desenvolvimento&#44; reduzir as defici&#234;ncias existentes&#44; prevenir a perda da funcionalidade&#44; contribuir para a estrutura&#231;&#227;o do v&#237;nculo m&#227;e&#47;beb&#234; e o acolhimento dessas crian&#231;as pela fam&#237;lia&#44; promover a parentalidade adaptativa e o funcionamento global familiar&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0290"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16&#44;17</span></a></p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A interven&#231;&#227;o precoce com foco na fam&#237;lia tem como objetivo dar suporte &#224; din&#226;mica familiar no ambiente dom&#233;stico&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0300"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a> Esse tipo de abordagem tem sido preconizado devido &#224; possibilidade de influenciar o cuidado e os est&#237;mulos oferecidos cotidianamente pela fam&#237;lia e&#44; consequentemente&#44; impactar positivamente o desenvolvimento da crian&#231;a&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0300"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18&#8211;22</span></a> Seus componentes principais s&#227;o o apoio psicossocial e a educa&#231;&#227;o parental&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0325"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23</span></a> O apoio psicossocial aos pais tem como objetivo diminuir o estresse&#44; a ansiedade e os sintomas depressivos&#44; bem como aumentar a autoefic&#225;cia&#44; a sensibilidade materna e a capacidade de responder nas intera&#231;&#245;es com o beb&#234;&#44; o que tem efeito positivo sobre o ambiente da crian&#231;a e contribui para melhorar o desfecho do desenvolvimento&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0325"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23</span></a> A educa&#231;&#227;o parental visa a aumentar a capacidade&#44; o conhecimento e a habilidade dos pais para cuidar do beb&#234;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0325"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23</span></a></p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Embora pare&#231;a intuitivo que melhorar a rela&#231;&#227;o pais&#8208;filhos resulte em ganhos para o desenvolvimento do beb&#234;&#44; a efic&#225;cia dos programas de interven&#231;&#227;o precoce com foco na fam&#237;lia ainda n&#227;o foi totalmente estabelecida&#46; O planejamento de interven&#231;&#245;es baseado em evid&#234;ncias cient&#237;ficas permite a prioriza&#231;&#227;o de problemas&#44; o dimensionamento dos riscos e benef&#237;cios da interven&#231;&#227;o e a monitoriza&#231;&#227;o e avalia&#231;&#227;o dos resultados&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0330"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">24</span></a> A s&#237;ntese de evid&#234;ncias cient&#237;fica geradas por revis&#245;es sistem&#225;ticas e metan&#225;lises&#44; somadas &#224; experi&#234;ncia do profissional da sa&#250;de e &#224;s prefer&#234;ncias do paciente&#44; pode apoiar tamb&#233;m a tomada de decis&#245;es na pr&#225;tica cl&#237;nica&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0335"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">25</span></a> Neste sentido&#44; o objetivo desta metan&#225;lise foi avaliar e sintetizar as evid&#234;ncias sobre os efeitos dos programas de interven&#231;&#227;o precoce com foco na fam&#237;lia no desenvolvimento cognitivo&#44; motor e linguagem de crian&#231;as prematuras e&#47;ou risco social nos primeiros&#160;tr&#234;s anos de vida dispon&#237;veis na literatura&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0070">M&#233;todos</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O protocolo desya revis&#227;o foi registrado no Prospero&#58; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews</span> &#40;CRD&#160;42018082059&#41; &#40;dispon&#237;vel em <a href="http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?ID=CRD42018082059">http&#58;&#47;&#47;www&#46;crd&#46;york&#46;ac&#46;uk&#47;PROSPERO&#47;display&#95;record&#46;php&#63;ID&#61;CRD42018082059</a>&#41;&#46; A revis&#227;o seguiu as recomenda&#231;&#245;es da <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Cochrane Library</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0340"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">26</span></a> e <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta&#8208;Analyses</span> &#40;PRISMA&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0345"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">27</span></a> Dois autores independentes fizeram a busca da literatura nas bases de dados CINAHL&#44; Medline &#8211; Pubmed&#44; Medline &#8211; BVS&#44; Lilacs &#8211; BVS&#44; IBECS &#8211; BVS&#44; PEDro e Cochrane&#47;Reviews de artigos publicados nos &#250;ltimos&#160;10&#160;anos &#40;janeiro de 2008 a agosto de 2018&#41;&#44; em&#160;tr&#234;s&#160;idiomas &#40;portugu&#234;s&#44; ingl&#234;s e espanhol&#41;&#46; Foi tamb&#233;m feita busca nas refer&#234;ncias dos artigos encontrados nas bases de dados&#46; Foram usadas tr&#234;s&#160;estrat&#233;gias de busca&#44; com uso de termos escolhidos previamente em consulta aos Descritores em Ci&#234;ncias da Sa&#250;de &#40;DeCS&#41;&#44; inclusive os termos&#58; 1&#41; Infant <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">or</span> Infant&#44; Premature <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">or</span> Premature <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">or</span> Infant&#44; Newborn <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">and</span> Child Development <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">or</span> Language Development <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">or</span> Child Language <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">or</span> Psychomotor Performance <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">or</span> Motor Skills <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">or</span> Cognition <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">and</span> Early Intervention &#40;Education&#41; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">or</span> Early Intervention&#59; 2&#41; Infant <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">or</span> Infant&#44; Premature <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">or</span> Premature <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">or</span> Infant&#44; Newborn <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">and</span> Developmental Disabilities <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">or</span> Delay Development <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">and</span> Early Intervention &#40;Education<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">&#41; or</span> Early Intervention&#59; 3&#41; Infant <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">or</span> Infant&#44; Premature <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">or</span> Premature <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">or</span> Infant&#44; Newborn <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">and</span> Motor Skills Disorders <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">or</span> Cognition Disorders <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">or</span> Movement Disorders <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">or</span> Language <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">and</span> Early Intervention &#40;Education&#41; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">or</span> Early Intervention&#46;</p><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">Crit&#233;rios de sele&#231;&#227;o</span><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Foram inclu&#237;dos estudos&#58; 1&#41;&#160;Experimentais&#44; como ensaios cl&#237;nicos aleatorizados&#44; quase&#8211;experimental e experimental de caso&#8211;&#250;nico&#59; 2&#41;&#160;Cujo p&#250;blico&#8208;alvo eram prematuros com idade gestacional&#160;&#706;&#160;37 semanas&#44; sem altera&#231;&#245;es neuromotoras e anormalidades cong&#234;nitas e&#47;ou crian&#231;as em risco social&#59; 3&#41;&#160;De interven&#231;&#227;o precoce com foco na fam&#237;lia que apresentaram pelo menos um dos dois seguintes componentes principais&#58; apoio psicossocial aos pais&#44; que poderia ser aconselhamento psicol&#243;gico ou apoio social&#44; e&#47;ou educa&#231;&#227;o parental&#44; que poderia incluir informa&#231;&#227;o sobre desenvolvimento infantil&#44; demonstra&#231;&#245;es do comportamento infantil com discuss&#227;o ou envolvimento dos pais em atividades de intera&#231;&#227;o com o beb&#234; com <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">feedback</span> do profissional&#59; 4&#41;&#160;Interven&#231;&#227;o precoce com foco na fam&#237;lia&#44; feita em visitas domiciliares e&#47;ou durante a consulta ambulatorial&#44; antes e&#47;ou ap&#243;s alta hospitalar&#44; com atendimento individual e&#47;ou em grupo&#59; 5&#41;&#160;Em que foi avaliado o desenvolvimento motor e&#47;ou linguagem e&#47;ou cogni&#231;&#227;o at&#233; o terceiro ano de vida por meio de testes padronizados&#46; Foram exclu&#237;dos estudos de revis&#227;o sistem&#225;tica e&#47;ou metan&#225;lise&#44; longitudinais&#44; transversais&#44; relato de caso&#44; coorte e caso&#8208;controle&#46; Todos os estudos foram avaliados pela escala PEDro da <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Physiotherapy Evidence Database</span>&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0350"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">28</span></a> foram exclu&#237;dos aqueles com pontua&#231;&#227;o &#8804;&#160;5&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0080">Avalia&#231;&#227;o da validade e risco de vi&#233;s</span><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A elegibilidade e a aprecia&#231;&#227;o da qualidade dos artigos foram feitas por dois avaliadores independentes&#44; que inicialmente analisaram os t&#237;tulos e os resumos para obten&#231;&#227;o de artigos potencialmente relevantes&#46; Os artigos que se encaixaram nos crit&#233;rios de elegibilidade da presente revis&#227;o foram lidos na integra e pontuados segundo crit&#233;rios da escala PEDro<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0350"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">28</span></a> para verifica&#231;&#227;o da qualidade metodol&#243;gica&#46;</p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A escala PEDro<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0350"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">28</span></a> baseia&#8208;se em lista Delphi e apresenta&#160;11&#160;itens&#44; o item &#8220;especifica&#231;&#227;o de crit&#233;rios de inclus&#227;o&#8221; n&#227;o &#233; pontuado&#44; os demais itens da escala s&#227;o&#58; crit&#233;rios de inclus&#227;o de sujeitos&#59; aloca&#231;&#227;o aleat&#243;ria&#59; sigilo na aloca&#231;&#227;o&#59; similaridade dos grupos na fase inicial&#59; mascaramento dos sujeitos&#44; do terapeuta e do avaliador&#59; medida de pelo menos um resultado&#8208;chave&#59; an&#225;lise da inten&#231;&#227;o de tratar&#59; resultados de compara&#231;&#227;o estat&#237;stica entre grupos e relato de medidas de variabilidade&#59; e precis&#227;o de pelo menos um desfecho&#46; Cada item ganha&#160;um&#160;ponto quando atinge o crit&#233;rio de resposta&#44; num total de 10&#160;pontos&#46; No presente estudo&#44; para selecionar artigos com maior rigor metodol&#243;gico&#44; usamos como ponto de corte pontua&#231;&#227;o&#160;&#707;&#160;5&#46;</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">An&#225;lise do risco de vi&#233;s &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Risk of Bias</span>&#41; dos artigos inclu&#237;dos foi feita por dois avaliadores&#44; de acordo com o <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Intervention</span>&#44; levaram&#8208;se em considera&#231;&#227;o a gera&#231;&#227;o da sequ&#234;ncia de randomiza&#231;&#227;o&#44; aloca&#231;&#227;o secreta&#44; cegamento&#44; dados incompletos e outras fontes de vi&#233;s&#46; Cada item foi classificado em &#8220;baixo risco de vies&#8221;&#8217;&#44; &#8220;alto risco de vies&#8221; e &#8220;risco de vi&#233;s desconhecido&#8221;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0355"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">29</span></a></p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0085">An&#225;lise dos dados</span><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Para an&#225;lise dos dados foi criada tabela com as seguintes vari&#225;veis&#58; identifica&#231;&#227;o do estudo &#40;t&#237;tulo e autores&#41;&#44; ano de publica&#231;&#227;o&#44; pa&#237;s da pesquisa&#44; tamanho da amostra e suas caracter&#237;sticas&#44; idade das crian&#231;as&#44; caracter&#237;stica da interven&#231;&#227;o precoce &#40;descri&#231;&#227;o da interven&#231;&#227;o&#44; idade da interven&#231;&#227;o&#44; individual ou grupo&#44; feitura no hospital&#47;ou domiciliar&#44; antes ou ap&#243;s a alta&#44; n&#250;mero de sess&#245;es&#41;&#44; desfechos&#44; instrumentos de avalia&#231;&#227;o&#44; resultados&#47;conclus&#245;es e escores PEDro&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0350"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">28</span></a></p><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Para obter an&#225;lise da estimativa combinada dos efeitos da interven&#231;&#227;o&#44; escores p&#243;s&#8208;interven&#231;&#227;o foram extra&#237;dos e analisados com o <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">fixed&#8208;effect model</span>&#46; No caso de heterogeneidade estatisticamente significativa &#40;I<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#160;&#62;&#160;40&#37;&#41;&#44; foi aplicado modelo de efeitos aleat&#243;rios &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">random effects model</span>&#41;&#46; Os dados agrupados de todos os desfechos foram registrados como Diferen&#231;a M&#233;dia Padronizada &#40;DMP&#41; e seus respectivos Intervalos de Confian&#231;a de 95&#37; &#40;95&#37;&#160;IC&#41;&#46; As an&#225;lises foram feitas com o <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">software</span> Comprehensive Meta&#8208;Analysis<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0360"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">30</span></a> &#40;vers&#227;o 3&#46;0&#59; Biostat&#44; Englewood&#44; New Jersey&#41;&#46; O valor cr&#237;tico para rejeitar H0 foi estabelecido com n&#237;vel de&#160;0&#44;05 &#40;bicaudal&#41;&#46;</p></span></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0090">Resultados</span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0095">Fluxograma dos estudos da revis&#227;o</span><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Na busca eletr&#244;nica foram identificados 3&#46;378&#160;artigos nas diferentes bases de dados cujos t&#237;tulos e&#47;ou resumos foram analisados&#46; Desses&#44; 3&#46;345 foram exclu&#237;dos e os 33&#160;estudos potencialmente eleg&#237;veis tiveram seus textos analisados&#46; A partir da leitura completa dos textos&#44; 13&#160;artigos foram selecionados e pontuados pela Escala PEDro&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0350"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">28</span></a> Desses&#44; tr&#234;s&#160;artigos foram exclu&#237;dos por apresentar pontua&#231;&#227;o&#160;&#8804;&#160;5&#44; foram selecionados&#44; portanto&#44; 10&#160;artigos&#46; Na busca manual das refer&#234;ncias dos 10 estudos selecionados na base de dados&#44; foram encontrados outros 10&#160;artigos&#44; mas somente dois&#160;estudos estavam relacionados ao tema e receberam pontua&#231;&#227;o&#160;&#707;&#160;5 na Escala PEDro&#46; Portanto&#44; foram inclu&#237;dos 12 estudos na an&#225;lise qualitativa e 10 estudos na an&#225;lise quantitativa &#40;metan&#225;lise&#41;&#46; A <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">fig&#46; 1</a> representa o fluxograma da revis&#227;o &#40;Adaptado do Prisma&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0100">Caracter&#237;sticas dos estudos inclu&#237;dos</span><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os 12&#160;artigos inclu&#237;dos envolveram 2&#46;559&#160;participantes &#40;interven&#231;&#227;o&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;1305 e controle&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;1&#46;254&#41; e investigaram sete modalidades de interven&#231;&#227;o para promo&#231;&#227;o de melhor desenvolvimento infantil&#44; que tinham como componente comum orienta&#231;&#245;es&#47;educa&#231;&#227;o parental&#46; Todos os ensaios cl&#237;nicos compararam interven&#231;&#227;o ao grupo controle&#44; que recebeu atendimento habitual&#44; que consistiu em atendimento&#8208;padr&#227;o do servi&#231;o sem interven&#231;&#227;o&#44; o que incluiu encaminhamento para servi&#231;o de interven&#231;&#227;o precoce&#47;fisioterapia caso a equipe de sa&#250;de observasse necessidade&#59;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20&#44;21&#44;31&#8211;33</span></a> atendimento cl&#237;nico&#44; massagem orientada por fisioterapeuta e <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">follow&#8208;up</span> ap&#243;s a alta&#59;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0380"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">34&#44;35</span></a> cuidados habituais com interven&#231;&#245;es com foco na crian&#231;a e visitas cl&#237;nicas neonatais&#59;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0390"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">36</span></a> cuidado habitual que incluiu posicionamento e m&#233;todo canguru&#59;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0395"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">37</span></a> visitas domiciliares baseadas no curr&#237;culo da OMS&#59;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5&#44;38</span></a> e somente em&#160;um&#160;estudo o atendimento&#8208;padr&#227;o n&#227;o foi especificado&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0405"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">39</span></a> As caracter&#237;sticas da interven&#231;&#227;o e do seguimento dos controles nos estudos revisados est&#227;o sumarizados na <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">tabela 1</a>&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">As caracter&#237;sticas gerais e os desfechos dos estudos est&#227;o sumarizados na <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">tabela 2</a>&#46; A maioria dos artigos selecionados se refere a estudos feitos em pa&#237;ses de alta renda&#58; Holanda &#40;tr&#234;s&#160;artigos&#41;&#44; Noruega &#40;dois artigos&#41;&#44; Austr&#225;lia &#40;dois artigos&#41; e Canad&#225; &#40;um artigo&#41;&#46; Os demais artigos s&#227;o origin&#225;rios de pa&#237;ses de baixa e m&#233;dia renda&#58; &#205;ndia&#44; Paquist&#227;o e Z&#226;mbia publicaram em conjunto dois artigos e Taiwan&#44; Jamaica&#44; Ant&#237;gua e Santa L&#250;cia publicaram um artigo cada&#46; A maioria&#44; nove&#160;dos&#160;12&#160;artigos inclu&#237;dos&#44; relata efeitos positivos da interven&#231;&#227;o na cogni&#231;&#227;o&#46; No desfecho motor&#44; cinco&#160;dos&#160;11&#160;estudos que avaliaram esse desfecho encontraram efeitos positivos&#46; No entanto&#44; nos quatro estudos que avaliaram linguagem&#44; n&#227;o foram observados efeitos da interven&#231;&#227;o&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Todos os estudos eram ensaios cl&#237;nicos randomizados&#44; com pontua&#231;&#227;o na Escala PEDro que variaram de&#160;6&#160;a&#160;8&#160;pontos &#40;m&#233;dia igual&#160;6&#41; &#40;Para detalhes da pontua&#231;&#227;o&#44; veja <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#sec0100">material suplementar 1</a>&#41;&#46; Quanto ao risco de vi&#233;s &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Risk of Bias</span>&#41; &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">fig&#46; 2</a>&#41;&#44; observa&#8208;se aus&#234;ncia de aloca&#231;&#227;o secreta dos sujeitos para os grupos interven&#231;&#227;o e controle em seis estudos&#44; aus&#234;ncia do cegamento dos participantes e do profissional que fez a interven&#231;&#227;o dos ensaios cl&#237;nicos em todos os estudos&#44; al&#233;m de diferen&#231;as nas caracter&#237;sticas das amostras dos grupos interven&#231;&#227;o e controle na fase inicial &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">baseline</span>&#41; em dois estudos&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0105">Participantes</span><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A maioria dos estudos revisados tinha como p&#250;blico&#8208;alvo prematuros&#44; foram tr&#234;s artigos referentes a crian&#231;as nascidas com idade gestacional inferior a 32 semanas e&#47;ou peso inferior a 1&#46;500&#160;gramas &#40;g&#41;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20&#44;32&#44;33</span></a> um artigo com beb&#234;s nascidos com idade gestacional inferior a 32&#160;semanas e&#47;ou peso ao nascimento entre 500<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>g e 1&#46;250g<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0395"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">37</span></a> e um artigo cuja amostra tinha idade gestacional inferior a&#160;30&#160;semanas&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0315"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21</span></a> Os outros artigos que abordavam prematuros tinham como crit&#233;rio de inclus&#227;o somente o peso ao nascimento&#160;&#706;&#160;2&#46;000g<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0380"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">34&#44;35</span></a> e um artigo com participantes com peso ao nascimento&#160;&#706;&#160;1&#46;500 gramas&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0390"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">36</span></a> Todos os estudos que abordavam prematuros tinham como crit&#233;rio de exclus&#227;o anormalidades cong&#234;nitas&#46; Os demais artigos &#40;quatro&#160;artigos&#41; abordavam crian&#231;as consideradas em risco socioecon&#244;mico&#44; mas apenas um estudo abordou exclusivamente o risco social&#44; com exclus&#227;o de crian&#231;as prematuras&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0405"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">39</span></a> Nos demais foram tamb&#233;m inclu&#237;das crian&#231;as com e sem asfixia neonatal&#44; crian&#231;as nascidas a termo e prematuros&#44; foram exclu&#237;dos aqueles prematuros com peso ao nascimento inferior a 1&#46;500<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>g&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5&#44;38</span></a> e um artigo abordou crian&#231;as prematuras com idade gestacional inferior a&#160;30&#160;semanas&#44; que foram classificadas como de alto e baixo risco social&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0365"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a></p></span><span id="sec0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0110">Avalia&#231;&#227;o do desenvolvimento cognitivo&#44; motor e linguagem</span><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O desfecho cognitivo foi avaliado em todos os artigos revisados&#44; em 11&#160;estudos o desenvolvimento motor foi avaliado&#44; mas somente quatro inclu&#237;ram avalia&#231;&#227;o da linguagem&#46; A Escala Bayley do Desenvolvimento Infantil 2&#170; Edi&#231;&#227;o &#40;Bayley&#160;II&#41; foi o teste usado para avalia&#231;&#227;o de desfecho na maioria dos estudos &#40;oito artigos&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5&#44;20&#44;32&#8211;35&#44;37&#44;38</span></a> Os demais artigos usaram a Escala Bayley do Desenvolvimento Infantil 3&#170;&#160;Edi&#231;&#227;o &#40;Bayley&#160;III&#41; &#40;tr&#234;s&#160;estudos&#41;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0315"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21&#44;31&#44;36</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Griffith Mental Development Scales e MacArthur&#8208;Bates Short Form of the Communicative Development Inventory</span> &#40;CDI&#41; &#40;um artigo&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0405"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">39</span></a></p><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A idade da avalia&#231;&#227;o do desenvolvimento variou bastante&#44; em um ter&#231;o dos estudos a avalia&#231;&#227;o foi feita aos&#160;24&#160;meses &#40;quatro estudos&#41;&#46; Nos demais&#44; as avalia&#231;&#245;es foram feitas dos&#160;12&#160;aos&#160;36&#160;meses &#40;um estudo&#41;&#44; aos&#160;12&#44;&#160;24&#160;e&#160;36&#160;meses &#40;dois estudos&#41;&#44; aos&#160;18&#160;meses &#40;um estudo&#41; e aos seis&#160;meses &#40;um estudo&#41;&#46; Em tr&#234;s estudos foi feita avalia&#231;&#227;o longitudinal por per&#237;odo mais prolongado&#44; em dois artigos at&#233; aos&#160;cinco&#160;anos e meio e um artigo at&#233; os&#160;oito&#160;anos&#44; mas como o foco da metan&#225;lise foram interven&#231;&#245;es nos tr&#234;s primeiros anos de vida&#44; s&#243; foram considerados os resultados referentes a essa faixa et&#225;ria&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0055" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0115">Caracter&#237;sticas da interven&#231;&#227;o com foco na fam&#237;lia</span><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Na <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">tabela 1</a>&#44; foram apresentadas as caracter&#237;sticas das interven&#231;&#245;es com foco na fam&#237;lia&#46; Na maioria dos estudos&#44; as interven&#231;&#245;es foram individuais&#44; com n&#250;mero de sess&#245;es variaram de&#160;cinco&#160;a&#160;13&#44; feitas em sua maioria ap&#243;s a alta hospitalar e nos primeiros 12&#160;meses de vida das crian&#231;as&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20&#44;21&#44;31&#8211;36</span></a> e todas as interven&#231;&#245;es envolveram componentes de orienta&#231;&#227;o&#47;educa&#231;&#227;o parental para estimular o desenvolvimento dos seus filhos&#44; principalmente&#44; por meio da teoria s&#237;ncrono&#8208;ativa&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20&#44;32&#8211;37</span></a> Embora o objetivo dessa revis&#227;o tenha sido abordar interven&#231;&#245;es com foco na fam&#237;lia&#44; na maioria dos estudos&#44; a fam&#237;lia se restringiu ao envolvimento das m&#227;es e pais&#44; com exce&#231;&#227;o do estudo de Chang et al&#46;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0405"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">39</span></a> no qual a interven&#231;&#227;o precoce envolveu somente as m&#227;es&#46;</p><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Infant Behavioral Assessment and Intervention Program</span> &#40;IBAIP&#41; foi investigado em tr&#234;s artigos&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20&#44;32&#44;33</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Mother&#8208;Infant Transaction Program &#8211;</span> vers&#227;o modificada em dois artigos&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0380"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">34&#44;35</span></a> um estudo abordou o <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Newborn Individualized Developmental Care and Assessment Program</span> &#40;NIDCAP&#41;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0395"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">37</span></a> dois estudos o <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Victorian Infant Brain Studies</span> &#40;VIBeS Plus&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0315"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21&#44;31</span></a> e em dois estudos foi feita interven&#231;&#227;o baseada no curr&#237;culo <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Partners for Learning</span>&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5&#44;38</span></a> Os outros dois artigos abordaram orienta&#231;&#245;es educativas aos pais por meio de exibi&#231;&#227;o de filmes&#44; discuss&#227;o e suporte aos pais&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0390"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">36&#44;39</span></a></p></span><span id="sec0060" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0120">Efeitos da interven&#231;&#227;o precoce com foco na fam&#237;lia na cogni&#231;&#227;o</span><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os efeitos da interven&#231;&#227;o com foco na fam&#237;lia na cogni&#231;&#227;o de crian&#231;as nascidas prematuramente foram avaliados em oito ensaios cl&#237;nicos&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20&#44;21&#44;32&#8211;37</span></a> As interven&#231;&#245;es e os respectivos instrumentos de avalia&#231;&#227;o usados nos estudos foram&#58; IBAIP e Bayley&#160;II&#59;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20&#44;32&#44;33</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Mother&#8208;Infant Transaction Program &#8211;</span> vers&#227;o modificada e Bayley&#160;II&#59;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0380"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">34&#44;35</span></a> equipe do VIBeS Plus e Bayley III&#59;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0315"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21</span></a> NIDCAP e Bayley II&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0395"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">37</span></a> Em um dos estudos&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0390"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">36</span></a> dois grupos foram submetidos &#224; mesma interven&#231;&#227;o com foco na fam&#237;lia&#44; um no domic&#237;lio e o outro no ambulat&#243;rio&#44; e o instrumento da avalia&#231;&#227;o foi a Bayley&#160;III&#46; Todas as interven&#231;&#245;es apresentavam caracter&#237;sticas j&#225; mencionadas&#44; baseadas principalmente na teoria s&#237;ncrono&#8208;ativa&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20&#44;32&#8211;37</span></a> Os grupos controle receberam cuidado habitual do servi&#231;o&#44; mas sem a interven&#231;&#227;o precoce com foco na fam&#237;lia&#46;</p><p id="par0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A an&#225;lise dos efeitos da interven&#231;&#227;o na cogni&#231;&#227;o nas crian&#231;as prematuras foi feita agrupando os dados dos oito estudos &#40;n&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;1&#46;238 participantes&#58; interven&#231;&#227;o&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;643&#59; controle&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;595&#41;&#46; No resultado geral&#44; crian&#231;as que receberam interven&#231;&#227;o precoce com foco na fam&#237;lia apresentaram m&#233;dia padronizada de escores cognitivos 0&#44;48&#160;&#40;95&#37;&#160;IC&#58;&#160;0&#44;34&#8208;0&#44;61&#59; p&#160;&#60;&#160;0&#44;001&#59; I<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;39&#37;&#41; maior do que as crian&#231;as que receberam cuidados habituais do servi&#231;o&#46; Em dois estudos&#44; os efeitos da interven&#231;&#227;o na cogni&#231;&#227;o foram avaliados aos&#160;seis&#160;meses de idade<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20&#44;32</span></a> e n&#227;o houve mudan&#231;a significativa na cogni&#231;&#227;o &#40;DMP&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;1&#44;83&#59; 95&#37;&#160;IC&#58;&#160;&#8211;1&#44;08&#8208;4&#44;74&#59; p&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;0&#44;21&#59; I<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;39&#37;&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0125" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">No estudo em que a avalia&#231;&#227;o foi feita aos 12&#160;meses&#44; 32&#160;crian&#231;as que receberam interven&#231;&#227;o apresentaram m&#233;dia padronizada de escores cognitivos&#160;0&#44;86 &#40;95&#37;&#160;IC&#58;&#160;0&#44;54&#8208;1&#44;18&#59; p&#160;&#60;&#160;0&#44;001&#59; I<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;39&#37;&#41; maior do que as crian&#231;as do grupo controle&#46; No estudo&#44; com avalia&#231;&#227;o aos&#160;18&#160;meses&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0395"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">37</span></a> n&#227;o houve mudan&#231;a significativa na cogni&#231;&#227;o &#40;DMP&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;0&#44;31&#59; 95&#37;&#160;IC&#58;&#160;&#8211;0&#44;07&#8208;0&#44;7&#59; p&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;0&#44;11&#59; I<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;39&#37;&#41;&#46; Em cinco estudos a avalia&#231;&#227;o foi feita aos&#160;24&#160;meses<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0365"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31&#8211;33&#44;35&#44;36</span></a> e as crian&#231;as que receberam interven&#231;&#227;o apresentaram m&#233;dia padronizada de escores cognitivos&#160;0&#44;4&#160;&#40;95&#37;&#160;IC&#58;&#160;0&#44;22&#8208;0&#44;59&#59; p&#160;&#60;&#160;0&#44;001&#59; I<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;39&#37;&#41; maior do que as crian&#231;as do grupo controle&#46; Em um &#250;nico estudo&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0380"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">34</span></a> a avalia&#231;&#227;o foi feita aos&#160;36&#160;meses e houve aumento na m&#233;dia padronizada de escores cognitivos de 0&#44;41 &#40;95&#37;&#160;IC&#58;&#160;0&#44;22&#8208;0&#44;59&#59; p&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;0&#44;018&#59; I<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;39&#37;&#41; das crian&#231;as do grupo interven&#231;&#227;o comparado ao controle &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0015">fig&#46; 3</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0015"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0130" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Dos quatro estudos que avaliaram a cogni&#231;&#227;o na amostra de crian&#231;as consideradas em risco social e&#47;ou biol&#243;gico&#44; dois estudos fizeram interven&#231;&#227;o domiciliar com base no curr&#237;culo <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Partners for Learning</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5&#44;38</span></a> e o efeito foi avaliado pela Bayley&#160;II&#46; Em outro estudo&#44; a interven&#231;&#227;o foi feita pela equipe do VIBeS Plus e o instrumento foi a Bayley&#160;III&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0365"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a></p><p id="par0135" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">No quarto ensaio cl&#237;nico&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0405"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">39</span></a> a interven&#231;&#227;o consistia na exibi&#231;&#227;o de filmes curtos&#44; elaborados por consultores de educa&#231;&#227;o em sa&#250;de &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Development Media International</span>&#44; Londres&#44; Inglaterra&#41;&#44; seguida de grupos de discuss&#227;o sobre os filmes e atividades pr&#225;ticas com as crian&#231;as&#44; as m&#227;es eram encorajadas a fazer essas atividades em casa com suas crian&#231;as&#46;</p><p id="par0140" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O desfecho cognitivo foi avaliado com a <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Griffith Mental Development Scales</span> e o <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">MacArthur&#8208;Bates Short Form do Communicative Development Inventory</span> &#40;CDI&#41;&#46; Quanto &#224;s caracter&#237;sticas das interven&#231;&#245;es&#44; todas apresentavam componente de orienta&#231;&#227;o aos pais para desenvolvimento dos filhos e foram feitas ap&#243;s a alta hospitalar&#44; houve varia&#231;&#227;o nas demais caracter&#237;sticas&#46;</p><p id="par0145" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A an&#225;lise dos efeitos da interven&#231;&#227;o na cogni&#231;&#227;o das crian&#231;as em risco social e&#47;ou biol&#243;gico foi feita agrupando os dados de dois estudos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5&#44;31</span></a> &#40;n&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;527 participantes&#58; interven&#231;&#227;o&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;265 e controle&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;262&#41;&#46; N&#227;o foi poss&#237;vel incluir o estudo de Bann et al&#46;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0400"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">38</span></a> por n&#227;o apresentar os dados necess&#225;rios para metan&#225;lise&#46; Embora a proposta inicial fosse de considerar somente crian&#231;as em risco social&#44; isso n&#227;o foi poss&#237;vel&#44; pois foi encontrado apenas um estudo<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0405"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">39</span></a> com esse tipo de amostra&#46; Dessa forma&#44; a metan&#225;lise foi feita com os dois estudos que inclu&#237;ram crian&#231;as em risco social e biol&#243;gico &#40;prematuridade&#41;&#58; Wallander et al&#46;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> que inclu&#237;ram prematuros e a termos de alto risco social&#44; e Spittle et al&#46;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0365"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a> cuja amostra de prematuros foi classificada em alto e baixo risco social&#46;</p><p id="par0150" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">No resultado geral&#44; a interven&#231;&#227;o com foco na fam&#237;lia n&#227;o promoveu mudan&#231;a significativa na cogni&#231;&#227;o &#40;DMP&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;0&#44;79&#59; 95&#37;&#160;IC&#58;&#160;&#8211;0&#44;31&#8208;0&#44;46&#59; p&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;0&#44;69&#59; I<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;1&#37;&#41; quando comparado &#224;s crian&#231;as do grupo controle&#46; Nos dois estudos&#44; nos quais se avaliou a cogni&#231;&#227;o de crian&#231;as em alto risco social &#40;DMP&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;0&#44;38&#59; 95&#37;&#160;IC&#58;&#160;&#8211;0&#46;32&#8208;1&#44;08&#59; p&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;0&#44;29&#59; I<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;1&#37;&#41;&#44; n&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a significativa nos escores da cogni&#231;&#227;o&#46; No estudo em que a amostra era de baixo risco social &#40;DMP&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;&#8211;0&#44;05&#59; 95&#37;&#160;IC&#58;&#160;&#8211;0&#44;52&#8208;0&#44;41&#59; p&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;0&#44;82&#59; I<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;1&#37;&#41; tamb&#233;m n&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a significativa na cogni&#231;&#227;o&#46; &#40;Para o <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">plot</span>&#44; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#sec0100">veja material suplementar 2</a>&#41;&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0065" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0125">Efeitos da interven&#231;&#227;o precoce com foco na fam&#237;lia sobre o desenvolvimento motor</span><p id="par0155" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os oito estudos que avaliaram a cogni&#231;&#227;o em prematuros tamb&#233;m avaliaram o desfecho motor&#44; portanto as caracter&#237;sticas dos estudos s&#227;o as mesmas relatadas no desfecho cogni&#231;&#227;o&#46;</p><p id="par0160" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os efeitos da interven&#231;&#227;o no desfecho motor na popula&#231;&#227;o de prematuros foram analisados agrupando os dados dos oito estudos &#40;n&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;1&#46;238&#160;participantes&#58; interven&#231;&#227;o&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;643&#59; controle&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;595&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20&#44;21&#44;32&#8211;37</span></a> No resultado geral&#44; crian&#231;as que receberam interven&#231;&#227;o precoce com foco na fam&#237;lia apresentaram m&#233;dia padronizada de escores de desenvolvimento motor 0&#44;76 &#40;95&#37;&#160;IC&#58;&#160;0&#44;55&#8208;0&#44;96&#59; p&#160;&#60;&#160;0&#44;001&#59; I<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;88&#37;&#41; maior do que as crian&#231;as que receberam cuidados habituais do servi&#231;o&#46; Assim como na cogni&#231;&#227;o&#44; em dois estudos o desfecho motor foi avaliado aos&#160;seis&#160;meses &#40;DMP&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;2&#44;54&#59; 95&#37;&#160;IC&#58;&#160;&#8211;1&#44;72&#8208;6&#44;81&#59; p&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;0&#44;24&#59; I<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;88&#37;&#41; e n&#227;o houve mudan&#231;a significativa&#46; Somente em um estudo a avalia&#231;&#227;o foi feita aos&#160;12&#160;meses e as crian&#231;as do grupo interven&#231;&#227;o tiveram m&#233;dia padronizada de escores de desenvolvimento motor 2&#44;08 &#40;95&#37;&#160;IC&#58;&#160;1&#44;7&#8208;2&#44;46&#59; p&#160;&#60;&#160;0&#44;001&#59; I<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;88&#37;&#41; maior do que as crian&#231;as do grupo controle&#46; Um estudo avaliou o desfecho motor aos&#160;18&#160;meses &#40;DMP&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;0&#44;26&#59; 95&#37;&#160;IC&#58;&#160;&#8211;0&#44;13&#8208;0&#44;65&#59; p&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;0&#44;19&#59; I<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;88&#37;&#41;&#44; cinco estudos aos&#160;24&#160;meses &#40;DMP&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;0&#44;83&#59; 95&#37;&#160;IC&#58;&#160;&#8211;0&#44;08&#8208;1&#44;75&#59; p&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;0&#44;07&#59; I<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;88&#37;&#41; e um estudo aos&#160;36&#160;meses de idade &#40;DMP&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;0&#44;06&#59; 95&#37;&#160;IC&#58;&#160;&#8211;0&#44;27&#8208;0&#44;4&#59; p&#160;&#61;&#160;0&#44;71&#59; I<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#160;&#61;&#160;88&#37;&#41;&#44; n&#227;o foi evidenciada mudan&#231;a significativa no dom&#237;nio motor nessas idades &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0020">fig&#46; 4</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0020"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0165" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Em tr&#234;s dos quatro estudos j&#225; descritos no desfecho cognitivo&#44; tamb&#233;m foi feita avalia&#231;&#227;o do desenvolvimento motor em crian&#231;as em risco social e&#47;ou biol&#243;gico&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5&#44;31&#44;39</span></a> A an&#225;lise dos efeitos da interven&#231;&#227;o no desenvolvimento motor foi feita agrupando os dados de dois estudos &#40;n&#160;&#61;&#160;527 participantes&#58; interven&#231;&#227;o&#160;&#61;&#160;265 e controle&#160;&#61;&#160;262&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5&#44;31</span></a> O estudo de Chang et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0405"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">39</span></a> foi exclu&#237;do e os estudos de Wallander et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> e Spittle et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0365"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a> foram inclu&#237;dos na an&#225;lise como j&#225; justificado no desfecho cogni&#231;&#227;o&#46; No resultado geral&#44; n&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a significativa no desenvolvimento motor das crian&#231;as em risco social e&#47;ou biol&#243;gico que receberam interven&#231;&#227;o &#40;DMP&#160;&#61;&#160;0&#44;12&#59; 95&#37;&#160;IC&#58;&#160;&#8211;0&#44;05&#8208;0&#44;29&#59; p&#160;&#61;&#160;0&#44;18&#59; I<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#160;&#61;&#160;0&#37;&#41;&#44; quando comparada aos controles&#46; Nos dois estudos com foco no desenvolvimento motor de crian&#231;as em alto risco social &#40;DMP&#160;&#61;&#160;0&#44;16&#59; 95&#37;&#160;IC&#58;&#160;&#8211;0&#44;03&#8208;0&#44;35&#59; p&#160;&#61;&#160;0&#44;1&#59; I<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#160;&#61;&#160;0&#37;&#41; n&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a significativa entre os grupos controle e interven&#231;&#227;o e nem no estudo que incluiu crian&#231;as de baixo risco &#40;DMP&#160;&#61;&#160;&#8211;0&#44;1&#59; 95&#37;&#160;IC&#58;&#160;&#8211;0&#44;57&#8208;0&#44;36&#59; p&#160;&#61;&#160;0&#44;65&#59; I<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#160;&#61;&#160;0&#37;&#41;&#46; &#40;Para o <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">plot</span>&#44; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#sec0100">veja material suplementar 3</a>&#41;&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0070" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0130">Efeitos da interven&#231;&#227;o precoce com foco na fam&#237;lia sobre linguagem</span><p id="par0170" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Dois estudos avaliaram efeitos da interven&#231;&#227;o na linguagem das crian&#231;as nascidas prematuras&#46; Um dos estudos se refere &#224; interven&#231;&#227;o elaborada pela equipe do VIBeS Plus&#44; cuja avalia&#231;&#227;o da linguagem foi feita com a escala Bayley&#160;III&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0315"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21</span></a> No outro estudo&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0390"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">36</span></a> dois grupos foram submetidos &#224; mesma interven&#231;&#227;o com foco na fam&#237;lia&#44; com diferen&#231;a apenas quanto ao local da interven&#231;&#227;o &#8211; no domic&#237;lio ou no ambulat&#243;rio &#8211; e o instrumento de avalia&#231;&#227;o tamb&#233;m foi a Bayley&#160;III&#46; Quanto &#224;s caracter&#237;sticas das interven&#231;&#245;es&#44; todas apresentavam componente de orienta&#231;&#227;o aos pais sobre o desenvolvimento dos filhos e a maioria foi feita individualmente&#44; o n&#250;mero de sess&#245;es various de&#160;nove a&#160;13&#44; nos primeiros&#160;12&#160;meses de vida da crian&#231;a&#44; foram feitas ap&#243;s a alta hospitalar&#46; O grupo controle recebeu cuidado habitual do servi&#231;o&#44; mas sem a interven&#231;&#227;o&#46;</p><p id="par0175" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A an&#225;lise dos efeitos da interven&#231;&#227;o na linguagem na popula&#231;&#227;o de prematuros foi feita agrupando os dados dos dois estudos &#40;n&#160;&#61;&#160;298 participantes&#58; interven&#231;&#227;o&#160;&#61;&#160;181 e controle&#160;&#61;&#160;117&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0315"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21&#44;36</span></a> Nos estudos examinados&#44; n&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a significativa na linguagem das crian&#231;as que receberam a interven&#231;&#227;o &#40;DMP&#160;&#61;&#160;0&#44;02&#59; 95&#37;&#160;IC&#58; &#8211;0&#44;23&#8208;0&#44;27&#59; p&#160;&#61;&#160;0&#44;87&#59; I<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#160;&#61;&#160;0&#41; quando comparadas &#224;s que receberam cuidados habituais dos servi&#231;os&#46; &#40;Para o <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">plot</span>&#44; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#sec0100">veja material suplementar 4</a>&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0180" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Na popula&#231;&#227;o em risco social e&#47;ou biol&#243;gico&#44; no estudo em que foram exibidos filmes curtos&#44; elaborados pela <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Development Media International</span>&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0405"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">39</span></a> a linguagem foi avaliada&#44; em m&#233;dia&#44; aos&#160;19&#160;meses de idade&#44; com uso da subescala de linguagem da <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Griffith Mental Development Scales</span> e pela <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">MacArthur&#8208;Bates Short Form</span> da <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Communicative Development Inventory</span> &#40;CDI&#41;&#46; No estudo de Spittle et al&#46;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0365"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a> a linguagem foi avaliada aos dois anos com a Bayley&#160;III&#46; Em ambos estudos n&#227;o foram observados efeitos significativos para a linguagem&#46; N&#227;o foi poss&#237;vel fazer a metan&#225;lise&#44; pois Chang et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0405"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">39</span></a> exclu&#237;ram prematuros da amostra e Spitlle et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0365"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a> investigaram prematuros&#44; foram consideradas&#44; portanto&#44; amostras heterog&#234;neas para a metan&#225;lise&#46;</p></span></span><span id="sec0075" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0135">Discuss&#227;o</span><p id="par0185" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Esta revis&#227;o teve como objetivo verificar os efeitos da interven&#231;&#227;o precoce com foco na fam&#237;lia na cogni&#231;&#227;o&#44; no desenvolvimento motor e na linguagem de crian&#231;as nascidas prematuras e&#47;ou em risco social nos primeiros&#160;tr&#234;s anos de vida&#46; Foram inclu&#237;dos 12&#160;artigos&#44; em sua maioria de qualidade moderada<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5&#44;20&#44;21&#44;31&#8211;33&#44;36&#44;38&#44;39</span></a> e provenientes&#44; principalmente&#44; de pa&#237;ses de alta renda&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20&#44;21&#44;31&#8211;35&#44;37</span></a> As amostras eram compostas principalmente por crian&#231;as nascidas prematuras&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20&#44;21&#44;31&#8211;37</span></a> o &#250;nico dom&#237;nio avaliado em todos os estudos foi o cognitivo&#44; a linguagem foi avaliada em apenas quatro estudos&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0315"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21&#44;31&#44;36&#44;39</span></a> Os programas baseados na teoria s&#237;ncrona&#8208;Aaiva foram os mais frequentes&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20&#44;32&#8211;37</span></a></p><p id="par0195" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">No resultado geral&#44; a interven&#231;&#227;o precoce com foco na fam&#237;lia comparada aos cuidados habituais contribuiu para o desenvolvimento da cogni&#231;&#227;o em prematuros&#46; Esse resultado &#233; similar ao da metan&#225;lise feita por Vanderveen et al&#46;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0320"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a> que teve como objetivo avaliar interven&#231;&#245;es que envolviam os pais no desenvolvimento de prematuros&#46; Resultados semelhantes na cogni&#231;&#227;o tamb&#233;m foram encontrados em metan&#225;lise feita por Spittle et al&#46;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0300"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a> na qualse observou melhoria do desfecho cognitivo no grupo de crian&#231;as que receberam interven&#231;&#227;o nos primeiros&#160;tr&#234;s anos de vida comparado ao controle&#44; embora a interven&#231;&#227;o n&#227;o tenha tido foco somente na fam&#237;lia&#46; Considerando a faixa et&#225;ria&#44; observou&#8208;se efeito positivo da interven&#231;&#227;o no dom&#237;nio cognitivo aos&#160;12&#44;&#160;24&#160;e&#160;36&#160;meses&#44; mas n&#227;o aos&#160;seis e&#160;18&#160;meses&#46; Vanderveen et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0320"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a> tamb&#233;m encontraram efeitos positivos da interven&#231;&#227;o no desenvolvimento cognitivo de prematuros nas idades 12&#44; 24 e 36 meses&#44; mas n&#227;o aos&#160;seis&#160;meses&#46;</p><p id="par0200" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O efeito da interven&#231;&#227;o precoce com foco na fam&#237;lia na cogni&#231;&#227;o de crian&#231;as nascidas prematuramente&#44; evidente em diferentes idades&#44; possivelmente est&#225; associado aos tipos de programas de interven&#231;&#227;o analisados que&#44; em sua maioria&#44; se apoiaram em princ&#237;pios da teoria s&#237;ncrono&#8208;ativa&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20&#44;32&#8211;37</span></a> De acordo com essa teoria&#44; para manter a organiza&#231;&#227;o do comportamento e responder adaptativamente ao ambiente&#44; o beb&#234; depende da intera&#231;&#227;o entre cinco subsistemas b&#225;sicos &#40;aut&#244;nomo&#44; motor&#44; organiza&#231;&#227;o dos estados&#44; aten&#231;&#227;o e intera&#231;&#227;o&#44; e autorregula&#231;&#227;o&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0410"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">40</span></a></p><p id="par0205" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O comportamento neonatal &#233; expresso por meio de sinais associados a cada subsistema&#44; que podem ser reconhecidos pelos pais&#44; que assim identificam as necessidades individuais do beb&#234;&#44; respeitam o ritmo do desenvolvimento e o momento adequado para estimula&#231;&#227;o&#44; manipula&#231;&#227;o e intera&#231;&#227;o&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0410"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">40</span></a> Baseados nessa teoria&#44; a maioria dos programas analisados visava a melhorar a reciprocidade nas rela&#231;&#245;es pais&#47;beb&#234;&#44; promover a autorregula&#231;&#227;o do beb&#234; e melhor compreens&#227;o parental das necessidades da crian&#231;a&#46; Melhor compreens&#227;o dos sinais de comunica&#231;&#227;o do beb&#234; favorece a oferta de experi&#234;ncias f&#237;sicas e emocionais positivas para a crian&#231;a&#44; que conduzem a melhores respostas do neurodesenvolvimento&#44; inclusive o desfecho cognitivo na amostra de prematuros&#46;</p><p id="par0210" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">De maneira similar&#44; no resultado geral&#44; a interven&#231;&#227;o precoce com foco na fam&#237;lia comparada aos cuidados habituais melhorou o desenvolvimento motor de crian&#231;as nascidas prematuras&#46; No entanto&#44; ao analisar as diferentes idades&#44; foi observado efeito apenas aos&#160;12&#160;meses&#46; Resultados similares foram observados na metan&#225;lise de Spittle et al&#46;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0300"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a> embora n&#227;o tenham abordado especificamente interven&#231;&#245;es com foco na fam&#237;lia&#44; e de Vanderveen et al&#46;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0320"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a> que encontrou efeito positivo no desfecho motor somente aos&#160;12&#160;meses&#46;</p><p id="par0215" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">As interven&#231;&#245;es analisadas no presente estudo&#44; que promoveram maiores benef&#237;cios no desenvolvimento motor foram aquelas baseadas&#44; principalmente&#44; na teoria s&#237;ncrono&#8208;ativa&#46; Embora a maioria dos programas analisados n&#227;o tenha enfoque motor espec&#237;fico&#44; os elementos da interven&#231;&#227;o precoce baseada na teoria s&#237;ncrono&#8208;ativa ajudam a explicar o efeito geral positivo da interven&#231;&#227;o precoce no desfecho motor na amostra de prematuros&#46;</p><p id="par0220" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Quando o risco social foi adicionado ao biol&#243;gico&#44; n&#227;o foi observado efeito positivo da interven&#231;&#227;o no desenvolvimento motor e na cogni&#231;&#227;o&#44; mesmo quando as crian&#231;as com alto e baixo risco social foram comparadas&#46; Deve&#8208;se observar que a metan&#225;lise foi feita agrupando dados de apenas dois estudos com qualidade metodol&#243;gica moderada&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5&#44;31</span></a> portanto o resultado deve ser interpretado com cautela&#46; H&#225; evid&#234;ncias de que programas mais intensivos e de longa dura&#231;&#227;o&#44; como o <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Early Head Start</span>&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0415"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">41</span></a> conduzido nos Estados Unidos com mais de&#160;3&#46;000&#160;crian&#231;as de fam&#237;lias de baixa renda nos primeiros tr&#234;s anos de vida&#44; t&#234;m impacto positivo no desenvolvimento cognitivo&#46; &#201; poss&#237;vel que o n&#250;mero de sess&#245;es<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0365"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a> e a intensidade<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> das interven&#231;&#245;es n&#227;o tenham sido suficientes para afetar o desenvolvimento motor e cognitivo das crian&#231;as com risco social e biol&#243;gico associados&#46;</p><p id="par0225" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Quanto ao desfecho linguagem&#44; foi observado que a interven&#231;&#227;o precoce comparada aos cuidados habituais n&#227;o foi efetiva para melhorar a linguagem de crian&#231;as nascidas prematuramente e&#47;ou em risco social&#46; No entanto&#44; somente em quatro estudos mais recentes a linguagem foi avaliada com uso da Bayley&#160;III<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0315"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21&#44;31&#44;36</span></a> e da <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">MacArthur&#8208;Bates Short Form of the Communicative Development Inventory</span> &#40;CDI&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0405"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">39</span></a></p><p id="par0230" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Nos outros oito estudos&#44; foi aplicada a Bayley&#160;II&#44; que &#233; composta pelas escalas mental e psicomotora&#44; n&#227;o h&#225; pontua&#231;&#227;o isolada para linguagem&#46; Com a disponibilidade de escalas espec&#237;ficas para avalia&#231;&#227;o da linguagem&#44; &#233; importante a inclus&#227;o desse dom&#237;nio nos ensaios cl&#237;nicos para que seja poss&#237;vel analisar o impacto das interven&#231;&#245;es sobre a linguagem das crian&#231;as e contribuir para a formula&#231;&#227;o de programas mais eficientes&#46;</p><p id="par0235" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">As interven&#231;&#245;es inclu&#237;das nesta metan&#225;lise foram heterog&#234;neas quanto a dura&#231;&#227;o&#44; n&#250;mero de sess&#245;es e m&#233;todos usados&#46; No entanto&#44; em sua maioria&#44; houve a inclus&#227;o da educa&#231;&#227;o dos pais sobre como lidar e estimular seus filhos nas diversas &#225;reas&#44; baseada principalmente na teoria s&#237;ncrono&#8208;ativa&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20&#44;32&#8211;37</span></a> feitas individualmente&#44; principalmente nos primeiros&#160;12&#160;meses de vida e em pequeno n&#250;mero de sess&#245;es&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20&#44;21&#44;31&#8211;37</span></a></p><p id="par0240" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Wallander et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0420"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">42</span></a> verificaram que crian&#231;as oriundas de pa&#237;ses de baixa e m&#233;dia renda expostas a fatores de risco social e biol&#243;gico que receberam maiores doses de interven&#231;&#227;o precoce envolvendo os pais nos primeiros&#160;tr&#234;s anos de vida apresentaram melhores desfechos na cogni&#231;&#227;o e no desenvolvimento motor&#46; No estudo de Wallander et al&#46;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0420"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">42</span></a> a interven&#231;&#227;o foi baseada no curr&#237;culo <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Partners for Learning</span> e consistiu em visitas domiciliares feitas quinzenalmente at&#233; os&#160;tr&#234;s anos da crian&#231;a &#40;72&#160;sess&#245;es&#41;&#46; Foi observado maior benef&#237;cio da interven&#231;&#227;o para as crian&#231;as que receberam pelo menos 91&#37; das visitas domiciliares quinzenais programadas&#46; Sabe&#8208;se da dificuldade da implanta&#231;&#227;o de programas de longa dura&#231;&#227;o&#44; principalmente nos pa&#237;ses de baixa e m&#233;dia renda&#46; No entanto&#44; esfor&#231;os no sentido de promover programas de interven&#231;&#227;o com foco na fam&#237;lia mais intensos e&#44; ao mesmo tempo&#44; compat&#237;veis com a realidade desses pa&#237;ses podem resultar em maiores benef&#237;cios para o desenvolvimento infantil em popula&#231;&#245;es expostas a m&#250;ltiplos fatores de risco&#46;</p><p id="par0245" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Devido &#224; heterogeneidade das amostras e aus&#234;ncia de alguns dados&#44; n&#227;o foi poss&#237;vel fazer metan&#225;lise espec&#237;fica dos estudos com crian&#231;as expostas apenas ao risco social&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; os poucos estudos encontrados s&#227;o de qualidade metodol&#243;gica moderada&#46; A aus&#234;ncia de estudos de interven&#231;&#227;o precoce com foco na fam&#237;lia&#44; com alto rigor metodol&#243;gico&#44; tamb&#233;m sinaliza as dificuldades inerentes &#224; condu&#231;&#227;o desse tipo de pesquisa em de baixa e m&#233;dia renda&#46;</p><p id="par0250" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Esta revis&#227;o apresenta algumas limita&#231;&#245;es&#46; Foram combinadas sete abordagens de interven&#231;&#227;o precoce com foco na fam&#237;lia&#58; IBAIP&#44; NIDCAP&#44; Vibes Plus&#44; interven&#231;&#227;o baseada no curr&#237;culo <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Partners for Learning&#44; Mother Transaction Program &#8211;</span> vers&#227;o modificada e dois estudos com interven&#231;&#245;es com orienta&#231;&#245;es educativas aos pais&#46; Apesar de essas interven&#231;&#245;es apresentarem algumas caracter&#237;sticas em comum&#44; cada uma delas abordou componentes espec&#237;ficos do envolvimento parental&#46;</p><p id="par0255" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A combina&#231;&#227;o de dados de programas relativamente heterog&#234;neos para fornecer estimativas do efeito global da interven&#231;&#227;o pode n&#227;o ter revelado o potencial de cada uma das abordagens&#46; No entanto&#44; a escassez de estudos de qualidade metodol&#243;gica aceit&#225;vel justifica essa op&#231;&#227;o de an&#225;lise&#44; at&#233; que surjam novos estudos que abordem interven&#231;&#245;es padronizadas com caracter&#237;sticas claramente definidas&#46;</p><p id="par0260" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Outra limita&#231;&#227;o&#44; &#233; que todos os ensaios cl&#237;nicos inclu&#237;dos tiveram qualidade metodol&#243;gica moderada e risco de vi&#233;s&#44; principalmente nos quesitos aloca&#231;&#227;o secreta e cegamento dos participantes e do profissional&#44; o que&#44; muitas vezes&#44; &#233; dif&#237;cil ou imposs&#237;vel de se fazer nesse tipo de interven&#231;&#227;o&#46; Da mesma forma&#44; em alguns dos ensaios cl&#237;nicos&#44; algumas crian&#231;as dos grupos controle receberam encaminhamento para servi&#231;o de interven&#231;&#227;o precoce ou fisioterapia&#44; uma recomenda&#231;&#227;o &#233;tica&#44; mas que insere vi&#233;s tamb&#233;m imposs&#237;vel de ser controlado&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0080" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0140">Conclus&#227;o</span><p id="par0265" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os resultados demonstram que programas breves de interven&#231;&#227;o precoce com foco na fam&#237;lia t&#234;m efeito positivo sobre a cogni&#231;&#227;o de beb&#234;s prematuros&#44; especialmente nos programas baseados na teoria s&#237;ncrono&#8208;ativa&#46; Os efeitos sobre o dom&#237;nio motor n&#227;o foram t&#227;o consistentes&#44; possivelmente devido ao referencial te&#243;rico adotado nas interven&#231;&#245;es analisadas&#46; Estudos oriundos de pa&#237;ses de baixa e m&#233;dia renda foram pouco representados&#44; tornaram os resultados pouco conclusivos no que se refere aos efeitos dos programas no desenvolvimento de crian&#231;as em risco social&#46; O mesmo pode ser dito sobre os efeitos das interven&#231;&#245;es sobre o dom&#237;nio linguagem&#46;</p><p id="par0270" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Considerando a necessidade de evid&#234;ncias para nortear pol&#237;ticas p&#250;blicas e a pr&#225;tica cl&#237;nica&#44; a metan&#225;lise demonstrou efeitos positivos de programas de interven&#231;&#227;o precoce com foco na fam&#237;lia sobre o desenvolvimento infantil&#44; especialmente sobre as habilidades cognitivas de crian&#231;as nascidas prematuras&#44; e identificou lacunas na literatura que precisam ser preenchidas&#44; para melhor compreens&#227;o da efetividade desse tipo de interven&#231;&#227;o&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0085" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0145">Financiamento</span><p id="par0275" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Coordena&#231;&#227;o de Aperfei&#231;oamento de Pessoal de N&#237;vel Superior &#40;Capes&#41;&#44; C&#243;digo de Financiamento&#160;001&#44; do Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa &#40;CNPq&#41;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Grand Challenges</span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Canada</span> e Funda&#231;&#227;o Maria Cec&#237;lia Souto Vidigal&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0090" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0150">Conflitos de interesse</span><p id="par0280" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os autores declaram n&#227;o haver conflitos de interesse&#46;</p></span></span>"
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            1 => "Parents"
            2 => "Child development"
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            1 => "Pais"
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        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Objective</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To verify whether early intervention focused on the family improves the cognitive&#44; motor&#44; and language development of children born preterm and&#47;or at social risk in the first 3 years of life&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Source of data</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Meta&#8208;analysis of clinical trials published between 2008 and 2018&#44; in the following databases&#58; CINAHL&#44; MEDLINE &#8211; PubMed&#44; MEDLINE &#8211; BVS&#44; LILACS &#8211; BVS&#44; IBECS &#8211; BVS&#44; PEDro and Cochrane Reviews&#46; Experimental studies on early interventions focused on the family&#44; whose target groups were children born preterm and&#47;or at social risk&#44; with assessment of cognitive and&#47;or motor and&#47;or language development up to 3 years were included&#46; The studies were rated using the PEDro Scale&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Data synthesis</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Twelve studies were included from a total of 3378 articles&#46; Early intervention focused on the family contributed to the development of the cognitive &#40;Standardized Mean Difference &#8211; SMD<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;48&#44; 95&#37; CI&#58; 0&#46;34&#8211;0&#46;61&#41; and motor &#40;SMD<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;76&#44; 95&#37; CI&#58; 0&#46;55&#8211;0&#46;96&#41; domains of preterm infants&#46; Regarding cognitive development&#44; performance improvement was observed at 12&#44; 24 and 36 months&#44; while in the motor domain&#44; the effect was observed only at 12 months in preterm infants&#46; There was no benefit of the intervention in the cognitive&#44; motor&#44; and language outcomes of children with the social risk factor associated to biological risk&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Conclusion</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Early intervention focused on the family has a positive effect on the cognition of preterm infants&#46; The effect on motor development was lower&#44; possibly due to the emphasis on interventions in family&#8211;child interaction&#46; The effect of interventions on the development of children at social risk and on the language domain was inconclusive&#44; due to the scarcity of studies in the area&#46;</p></span>"
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        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Objetivo</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Verificar se a interven&#231;&#227;o precoce com foco na fam&#237;lia melhora o desenvolvimento cognitivo&#44; motor e a linguagem de crian&#231;as nascidas prematuras e&#47;ou em risco social nos primeiros tr&#234;s anos de vida&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Fontes de dados</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Metan&#225;lise de ensaios cl&#237;nicos publicados entre 2008 a 2018&#44; nas bases de dados CINAHL&#44; Medline &#8211; Pubmed&#44; Medline &#8211; BVS&#44; Lilacs &#8211; BVS&#44; IBECS &#8211; BVS&#44; PEDro e Cochrane&#47;Reviews&#46; Foram inclu&#237;dos estudos experimentais de interven&#231;&#227;o precoce com foco na fam&#237;lia cujo p&#250;blico&#8208;alvo eram prematuros e&#47;ou crian&#231;as em risco social com avalia&#231;&#227;o do desenvolvimento cognitivo e&#47;ou motor e&#47;ou linguagem at&#233; os tr&#234;s anos&#46; Os artigos foram pontuados pela Escala PEDro&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">S&#237;ntese dos dados</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Do total de 3378 artigos&#44; 12 estudos foram inclu&#237;dos&#46; A interven&#231;&#227;o precoce com foco na fam&#237;lia contribuiu para o desenvolvimento dos dom&#237;nios cogni&#231;&#227;o &#40;DMP &#61; 0&#44;48&#59; 95&#37;IC&#58; 0&#44;34&#8208;0&#44;61&#41; e motor &#40;DMP &#61; 0&#44;76&#59; 95&#37; IC&#58; 0&#44;55&#8208;0&#44;96&#41; de prematuros&#46; Na cogni&#231;&#227;o&#44; a melhora do desempenho foi observada aos 12&#44; 24 e 36 meses&#44; enquanto no dom&#237;nio motor&#44; o efeito foi observado apenas aos 12 meses nos prematuros&#46; N&#227;o houve benef&#237;cio da interven&#231;&#227;o nos desfechos cognitivo&#44; motor e linguagem de crian&#231;as com fator de risco social associado ao biol&#243;gico&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Conclus&#227;o</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Interven&#231;&#227;o com foco na fam&#237;lia tem efeito positivo sobre a cogni&#231;&#227;o de crian&#231;as prematuras&#46; O efeito no desenvolvimento motor foi menor&#44; possivelmente devido &#224; &#234;nfase das interven&#231;&#245;es na intera&#231;&#227;o fam&#237;lia&#8208;crian&#231;a&#46; O efeito das interven&#231;&#245;es sobre o desenvolvimento de crian&#231;as em risco social e no dom&#237;nio da linguagem foram inconclusivos&#44; devido &#224; escassez de estudos na &#225;rea&#46;</p></span>"
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        "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0010">Estudo vinculado a Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais &#40;UFMG&#41;&#44; Belo Horizonte&#44; MG&#44; Brasil&#46;</p>"
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          "pt" => "<p id="spar0055" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Diferen&#231;a de m&#233;dia padronizada e intervalo de confian&#231;a 95&#37; dos efeitos da interven&#231;&#227;o na cogni&#231;&#227;o de crian&#231;as nascidas prematuras por idade&#46;</p>"
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          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0070" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Bayley II&#44; Escalas Bayley de Desenvolvimento Infantil&#44; 2&#170;&#160;Edi&#231;&#227;o&#59; Bayley III&#44; Escalas Bayley de Desenvolvimento Infantil&#44; 3&#170;&#160;Edi&#231;&#227;o&#59; IBAIP&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Infant Behavioral Assessment and Intervention Program</span>&#59; NIDCAP&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Newborn Individualized Developmental Care and Assessment Program</span>&#59; VIBeS Plus&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Victorian Infant Brain Studies&#46;</span></p>"
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                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col">Autor&#47; ano&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col">Descri&#231;&#227;o da Interven&#231;&#227;o&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="2" align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Componente interven&#231;&#227;o</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="2" align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Modo interven&#231;&#227;o</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="2" align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Local interven&#231;&#227;o</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col">N&#176; sess&#245;es e idade da feitura da interven&#231;&#227;o&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col">Controle&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Educa&#231;&#227;o aos pais&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Suporte aos pais&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Individual&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Grupo&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Hospital ambulat&#243;rio&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Domiciliar&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Spittle et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0365"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a> &#40;2018&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">VIBeS Plus &#8211; dois componentes&#58; &#40;1&#41; estrat&#233;gias para promover ambiente enriquecido&#44; brincadeiras positivas&#44; marcos gerais de desenvolvimento&#44; alimenta&#231;&#227;o&#44; sono e bem&#8208;estar dos pais&#44; &#40;2&#41; conte&#250;do espec&#237;fico que foi direcionado ao beb&#234; e &#224; fam&#237;lia com base em metas e&#47;ou preocupa&#231;&#245;es identificadas pelos pais&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">N&#176; de sess&#245;es&#58; 9 sess&#245;es ap&#243;s alta&#46; Idade&#58; primeiros 12 meses&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Grupo de controle e interven&#231;&#227;o receberam cuidados padronizados&#58; inclu&#237;a o acesso &#224; enfermeira de sa&#250;de infantil e ao servi&#231;o de interven&#231;&#227;o precoce&#44; caso fosse considerado apropriado pela equipe de sa&#250;de da crian&#231;a&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Van Hus et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0370"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">32</span></a> &#40;2016&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">IBAIP &#8211; oferecer suporte a compet&#234;ncia regulat&#243;ria da crian&#231;a e m&#250;ltiplas fun&#231;&#245;es do desenvolvimento por meio da intera&#231;&#227;o crian&#231;a&#8208;pais&#46; Baseado no modelo S&#237;ncrono&#8208;Ativa de organiza&#231;&#227;o comportamental do neonato&#44; guiada pela <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Infant Behavioral Assessment</span>&#44; roteiro de observa&#231;&#227;o sistem&#225;tica para registro e interpreta&#231;&#227;o dos comportamentos de comunica&#231;&#227;o do beb&#234;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">N&#176; de sess&#245;es&#58; 7 a 9 sess&#245;es &#40;1 antes da alta hospitalar e 6 a 8 sess&#245;es de visitas domiciliares&#41;&#46; Idade&#58; primeiros 6 meses&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Cuidados habituais&#58; incluindo encaminhamento para fisioterapia pedi&#225;trica regular se fosse julgado necess&#225;rio pelo pediatra&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Chang et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0405"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">39</span></a> &#40;2015&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Development Media International</span>&#44; Londres&#44; Reino Unido &#8211; demonstra&#231;&#227;o com uso de filmes dos comportamentos que a interven&#231;&#227;o gostaria de estimular&#44; seguida de discuss&#227;o e demonstra&#231;&#227;o das atividades visualizadas&#46; As m&#227;es praticavam as atividades com as suas crian&#231;as e eram encorajadas a faz&#234;&#8208;las em casa&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">N&#176; de sess&#245;es&#58; 5 sess&#245;es ambulatoriais feitas ap&#243;s alta&#46; Idade&#58; 3&#44; 6&#44; 9&#44;12 e 18 meses de idade&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Cuidados habituais&#58; n&#227;o especificados pelo estudo&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Wu et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0390"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">36</span></a> &#40;2014&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Consistia em dois grupos de interven&#231;&#227;o que no mesmo programa&#44; diferenciados apenas quanto &#224; localiza&#231;&#227;o&#58; um era feito no hospital e o outro no domic&#237;lio&#46; Interven&#231;&#227;o com enfoque na d&#237;ade crian&#231;a&#8208;pais e consultas cl&#237;nicas&#46; Antes da alta hospitalar&#44; a interven&#231;&#227;o foi guiada por princ&#237;pios da Teoria S&#237;ncrono&#8208;Ativa e Cuidado Centrado na Fam&#237;lia&#46; Ap&#243;s a alta&#44; Teoria dos Sistemas Biossociais&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">N&#176; de sess&#245;es&#58; 13 sess&#245;es &#40;5 sess&#245;es antes da alta e 8 sess&#245;es ap&#243;s a alta&#41;&#46; Idade&#58; 36&#44; 38 e 40 semanas antes da alta e na 1&#170; semana ap&#243;s alta&#44; 1&#44; 2&#44; 4&#44; 6&#44; 9 e 12 meses de idade ap&#243;s a alta&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Cuidados habituais de desenvolvimento que consistiam em interven&#231;&#245;es intra&#8208;hospitalares com foco na crian&#231;a e visita cl&#237;nica neonatal&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Wallanderet al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> &#40;2014&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Partners for Learning &#8211;</span> abrange as &#225;reas cogni&#231;&#227;o&#44; motor fino e grosso&#44; social&#44; autoajuda e linguagem&#46; Os pais foram treinados a realizar atividades adequadas ao desenvolvimento da crian&#231;a e as praticavam na presen&#231;a do profissional&#44; que dava o retorno&#46; Os pais receberam cart&#245;es que descreviam as atividades e foram encorajados a aplicar as atividades no cotidiano com a crian&#231;a&#44; at&#233; a pr&#243;xima visita domiciliar&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">N&#176; de sess&#245;es&#58; 72 sess&#245;es&#46; Idade&#58; primeiros 3 anos&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Visitas domiciliares&#58; curr&#237;culo da OMS &#40;2014&#41; que abordou&#44; por exemplo&#44; amamenta&#231;&#227;o&#44; nutri&#231;&#227;o&#44; higiene e vacina&#231;&#227;o&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Bann et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0400"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">38</span></a> &#40;2016&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Partners for Learning</span> &#8211;mesmas caracter&#237;sticas mencionadas no estudo de Wallander et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> &#40;2014&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">N&#176; de sess&#245;es&#58; 72 sess&#245;es&#46; Idade&#58; primeiros 3 anos&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Mesmas caracter&#237;sticas do estudo de Wallander et al&#46; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> &#40;2014&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Spittle et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0315"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21</span></a> &#40;2010&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">VIBeS Plus &#8211; mesmas caracter&#237;sticas mencionadas no estudo Spittle et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0365"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a> &#40;2018&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">N&#176; de sess&#245;es&#58; 9 Sess&#245;es ap&#243;s alta hospitalar&#46; Idade&#58; primeiros 12 meses&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Mesmas caracter&#237;sticas do estudo Spittle et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0365"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a> &#40;2018&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Koldewijn et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0375"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">33</span></a> &#40;2010&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">IBAIP &#8211; As mesmas caracter&#237;sticas mencionadas no estudo Van Hus et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0370"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">32</span></a> &#40;2016&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">N&#176; de sess&#245;es&#58; 7 a 9 sess&#245;es &#40;um antes da alta e 6 a 8 sess&#245;es domiciliares&#41;&#46; Idade&#58; primeiros 6 meses&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Mesmas caracter&#237;sticas do estudo Van Hus et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0370"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">32</span></a> &#40;2016&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Nordhov et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0380"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">34</span></a> &#40;2010&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Mother&#8208;Infant Transaction Program</span> &#8211; vers&#227;o modificada&#58; abordou aspectos como os reflexos da crian&#231;a&#44; a auto&#94;rregula&#231;&#227;o&#44; sinais de ang&#250;stia e estados predominantes da crian&#231;a e ajuste ao ambiente dom&#233;stico&#44; intera&#231;&#245;es entre os pais e a crian&#231;a&#44; como orientar e estimular a crian&#231;a&#44; e discuss&#227;o e avalia&#231;&#227;o do programa de interven&#231;&#227;o&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">N&#176; de sess&#245;es&#58; 11 sess&#245;es &#40;7 sess&#245;es antes da alta e 4 visitas domiciliares&#41;&#46; Idade&#58; 3&#44; 15&#44; 30 e 90 dias ap&#243;s alta&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Cuidado habitual para alta&#58; exame cl&#237;nico&#44; treinamento massagem infantil feita por fisioterapeuta Ambos os grupos tinham acesso ao <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">follow&#8208;up</span> ap&#243;s alta&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Koldewijn et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20</span></a> &#40;2009&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">IBAIP &#8211; as mesmas caracter&#237;sticas mencionadas do estudo Van Hus et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0370"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">32</span></a> &#40;2016&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">N&#176; de sess&#245;es&#58; 7 a 9 sess&#245;es &#40;um antes da alta e 6 a 8 sess&#245;es domiciliares&#41;&#46; Idade&#58; primeiros 6 meses&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">As mesmas caracter&#237;sticas do estudo Van Hus et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0370"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">32</span></a> &#40;2016&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Peters et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0395"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">37</span></a> &#40;2009&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">NIDCAP &#8211; Caracterizada pela observa&#231;&#227;o do comportamento do beb&#234;&#46; Encoraja o envolvimento dos pais guiado pelo beb&#234; e requer que os pais respondam aos comportamentos individuais do beb&#234;&#44; sejam mais flex&#237;veis nos cuidados e modifiquem o ambiente de acordo com os comportamentos observados&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">N&#176; de sess&#245;es&#58; 7 sess&#245;es &#40;feitas na UTI&#41;&#46; Idade&#58; n&#227;o informada&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Cuidado habitual que incluiu posicionamento&#44; m&#233;todo canguru&#44; mas sem a interven&#231;&#227;o e observa&#231;&#227;o comportamental&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Kaaresen et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0385"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">35</span></a> &#40;2008&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Mother&#8208;Infant Transaction Program</span> &#8211; vers&#227;o modificada&#44; mesmas caracter&#237;sticas mencionadas no estudo de Nordhov et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0380"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">34</span></a> &#40;2010&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">N&#176; de sess&#245;es&#58; 11 sess&#245;es &#40;7 sess&#245;es antes da alta e 4 visitas domiciliares&#41;&#46; Idade&#58; 3&#44; 15&#44; 30 e 90 dias ap&#243;s alta&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">As mesmas caracter&#237;sticas do estudo de Nordhov et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0380"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">34</span></a> &#40;2010&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
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          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0085" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Bayley II&#44; Escala Bayley Desenvolvimento Infantil 2&#170;&#160;Edi&#231;&#227;o&#59; Bayley III&#44; Escala Bayley Desenvolvimento Infantil 3&#170;&#160;Edi&#231;&#227;o&#59; IBAIP&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Infant Behavioral Assessment and Intervention Program</span>&#59; IG&#44; idade gestacional&#59; NIDCAP&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Newborn Individualized Developmental Care and Assessment Program</span>&#59; PMT&#44; prematuro&#59; PN&#44; peso ao nascimento&#59; VIBeS Plus&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Victorian Infant Brain Studies&#46;</span></p>"
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                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col">Autor&#47; ano&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col">Participantes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col">Pa&#237;s de origem da amostra&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col">Interven&#231;&#227;o&#47; Instrumento de avalia&#231;&#227;o&#47; idade da avalia&#231;&#227;o&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="3" align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Efeito positivo da interven&#231;&#227;o no desenvolvimento</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col">Informa&#231;&#245;es adicionais sobre o efeito&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Cogni&#231;&#227;o&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Motor&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Linguagem&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Spittle et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0365"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a> &#40;2018&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">PMT IG &#60; 30s classificados em alto e baixo risco social&#46; n &#61; 120 &#40;grupo interven&#231;&#227;o n &#61; 61&#44; grupo controle n &#61; 59&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Austr&#225;lia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">VIBeS Plus&#47; Bayley III&#46; Idade&#58; 24 meses&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Nenhum efeito&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Nenhum efeito&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Maior m&#233;dia de escore cognitivo no grupo interven&#231;&#227;o &#40;101&#44;8&#59; DP &#61; 11&#44;0&#41; das crian&#231;as em risco social quando comparado ao controle &#40;92&#44;2&#59; DP &#61; 12&#44;5&#41; p &#61; 0&#44;006 aos 24 meses&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Van Hus et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0370"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">32</span></a> &#40;2016&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">PMT IG &#60; 32s e&#47;ou PN &#60; 1500G&#59; n &#61; 176 &#40;grupo interven&#231;&#227;o n &#61; 86&#44; grupo controle n &#61; 90&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Holanda&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">IBAIP&#47; Bayley II&#59; Idade&#58; 6&#44; 12 e 24 meses&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">N&#227;o avaliado&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Efeito da interven&#231;&#227;o positivo longitudinal no desenvolvimento motor &#40;DP &#61; 0&#44;4&#59; p &#61; 0&#44;006&#41;&#44; mas n&#227;o na cogni&#231;&#227;o &#40;p &#61; 0&#44;063&#41;&#46; Crian&#231;as com displasia broncopulmonar apresentaram efeito significativo longitudinal nos desfechos cognitivos &#40;DP &#61; 0&#44;7 p &#61; 0&#44;019&#41; e motor &#40;DP &#61; 0&#44;9&#59; p &#61; 0&#44;026&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Chang et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0405"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">39</span></a> &#40;2015&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Crian&#231;as em risco social &#40;a termo&#41;&#58; n &#61; 501 &#40;grupo interven&#231;&#227;o n &#61; 251&#44; grupo controle n &#61; 250&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Jamaica&#44; Ant&#237;gua e Santa L&#250;cia &#40;Caribe&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Development Media International&#44; Londres&#44; Inglaterra &#47; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Griffith Mental Development Scales</span> e <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">MacArthur&#8208;Bates Short Form of the Communicative Development Inventory</span> &#40;CDI&#41;&#46; Idade&#58; 19&#44;7 meses&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Nenhum efeito&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Nenhum efeito&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Efeito significativo na cogni&#231;&#227;o &#40;3&#44;09 pontos&#59; 95&#37;&#160;IC&#58;&#160;1&#44;31&#8208;4&#44;87&#59; tamanho de efeito &#61; 0&#44;3&#41;&#44; mas n&#227;o na linguagem&#44; nem no desenvolvimento motor&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Wu et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0390"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">36</span></a> &#40;2014&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">PMT IG &#60; 37s e PN &#60; 1&#46;500 g&#58; n &#61;178 &#40;grupo interven&#231;&#227;o ambulatorial n &#61; 57&#59; grupo interven&#231;&#227;o domiciliar n &#61; 63&#59; grupo controle n &#61; 58&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Taiwan&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Teoria S&#237;ncrono&#8208;Ativa e Cuidado Centrado na Fam&#237;lia&#47; Bayley III&#46;Idade da avalia&#231;&#227;o&#58; 24 meses&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Nenhum efeito&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Grupo de interven&#231;&#227;o ambulatorial apresentou escore mais alto na cogni&#231;&#227;o comparado ao grupo controle &#40;diferen&#231;a &#61; 4&#44;4&#59; 95&#37;&#160;IC&#58;&#160;0&#44;8&#8211;7&#44;9&#41; e menor taxa de atraso no desenvolvimento motor &#40;OR &#61; 0&#44;29&#59; 95&#37;&#160;IC&#58;&#160;0&#46;08&#8211;0&#46;99&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Wallander et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> &#40;2014&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Crian&#231;as em desvantagem socioecon&#244;mica &#40;prematuros e a termo&#41; n &#61; 407 &#40;grupo interven&#231;&#227;o n &#61; 204&#44; grupo controle n &#61; 203&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#193;reas rurais da &#205;ndia&#44; Paquist&#227;o e Z&#226;mbia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Partners for Learning&#47;</span> Bayley II&#59; Idade da avalia&#231;&#227;o&#58; 12&#44; 24 e 36 meses&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">N&#227;o avaliado&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Considerando a intera&#231;&#227;o entre idade e interven&#231;&#227;o&#44; as crian&#231;as do grupo interven&#231;&#227;o apresentaram melhor trajet&#243;ria no desenvolvimento da cogni&#231;&#227;o nas tr&#234;s avalia&#231;&#245;es &#40;12&#44; 24 e 36 meses&#41;&#46; Aos 36 meses as crian&#231;as do grupo interven&#231;&#227;o apresentaram escore motor significativamente maior comparado ao grupo controle&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Bann et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0400"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">38</span></a> &#40;2016&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Crian&#231;as em desvantagem s&#243;cio&#8208;econ&#244;mica &#40;prematuros e a termo&#41; n &#61; 293 &#40;grupo interven&#231;&#227;o n &#61; 146&#44; grupo controle n &#61; 147&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#193;reas rurais da &#205;ndia&#44; Paquist&#227;o e Z&#226;mbia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Partners for Learning&#47;</span> Bayley II&#59; Idade da avalia&#231;&#227;o&#58; 12&#44; 24 e 36 meses&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">N&#227;o avaliado&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">N&#227;o avaliado&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Nas crian&#231;as com desvantagem econ&#244;mica&#44; o grupo interven&#231;&#227;o apresentou maior escore mental do que o grupo controle aos 36 meses &#40;p &#61; 0&#44;001&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Spittle et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0315"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21</span></a> &#40;2010&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">PMT IG &#60; 30s&#58; n &#61; 120 &#40;grupo interven&#231;&#227;o n &#61; 61&#44; grupo controle n &#61; 59&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Austr&#225;lia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">VIBeS Plus&#47; Bayley III&#59; Idade da avalia&#231;&#227;o&#58; 24 meses&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Nenhum efeito&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Nenhum efeito&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Nenhum efeito&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">N&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a estatisticamente significativa no escore da cogni&#231;&#227;o&#44; linguagem e motor &#40;p &#61; 0&#44;20&#59; p &#61; 0&#44;67&#59; p &#61; 0&#44;66&#44; respectivamente&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Koldewijn et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0375"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">33</span></a> &#40;2010&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">PMT IG &#60; 32s e&#47;ou PN &#60; 1500g&#58; n &#61; 176 &#40;grupo interven&#231;&#227;o n &#61; 86&#44; grupo controle n &#61; 90&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Holanda&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">IBAIP&#47; Bayley II&#59;Idade da avalia&#231;&#227;o&#58; 24 meses&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">N&#227;o avaliado&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Depois do ajuste para vari&#225;veis perinatais&#44; houve efeito de 6&#44;4 &#40;erro padr&#227;o &#61; 2&#44;4&#41; no &#237;ndice de desenvolvimento motor favor&#225;vel &#224;s crian&#231;as da interven&#231;&#227;o&#46; Ap&#243;s an&#225;lise <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">post hoc</span>&#44; houve melhor desenvolvimento mental ap&#243;s a interven&#231;&#227;o nos subgrupos de crian&#231;as com displasia broncopulmonar associada a fatores de risco social e biol&#243;gico&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Nordhov et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0380"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">34</span></a> &#40;2010&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">PMT PN &#60; 2000g n &#61; 146 &#40;grupo interven&#231;&#227;o n &#61; 72&#44; grupo controle n &#61; 74&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Noruega&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Mother&#8208;Infant Transaction Program</span> &#8211; vers&#227;o modificada&#47; Bayley II&#46; Idade da avalia&#231;&#227;o&#58; 3&#160;anos&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Nenhum efeito&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Nenhum efeito&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">N&#227;o avaliado&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Aos tr&#234;s anos&#44; na an&#225;lise ap&#243;s ajuste para educa&#231;&#227;o materna&#44; n&#227;o foi encontrada diferen&#231;a significativa entre os grupos interven&#231;&#227;o e controle no escore do &#237;ndice do desenvolvimento mental de 4&#44;5 pontos &#40;95&#37; IC&#58;&#160;&#8211;0&#44;3&#8208;9&#44;3&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Koldewijn et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20</span></a> &#40;2009&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">PMT IG &#60; 32s e&#47;ou PN &#60; 1500g&#59; n &#61; 176 &#40;grupo interven&#231;&#227;o n &#61; 86&#44; grupo controle n &#61; 90&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Holanda&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">IBAIP&#47; Bayley II&#46; Idade da avalia&#231;&#227;o&#58; 6&#160;meses&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">N&#227;o avaliado&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Ap&#243;s an&#225;lise com modelo de regress&#227;o multivariada&#44; a m&#233;dia do escore MDI foi 106 &#40;DP &#61; 2&#44;12&#41; para o grupo interven&#231;&#227;o e de 99 &#40;DP &#61; 2&#44;18&#41; para o grupo controle &#40;p &#61; 0&#44;02&#41;&#46; No escore motor&#44; a m&#233;dia do escore PDI foi 98 &#40;DP &#61; 1&#44;63&#41; no grupo interven&#231;&#227;o e 92 &#40;DP &#61; 1&#44;66&#41; no grupo controle &#40;p &#61; 0&#44;008&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Peters et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0395"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">37</span></a> &#40;2009&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">PMT IG &#8804; 32s&#44; PN entre 500 e 1250g&#58; n &#61; 120 &#40;grupo interven&#231;&#227;o &#61; 60&#44; grupo controle &#61; 60&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Canad&#225;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">NIDCAP&#47; Bayley IIIdade da avalia&#231;&#227;o&#58; 18 meses&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Nenhum efeito&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">N&#227;o avaliado&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Menor frequ&#234;ncia de atraso na cogni&#231;&#227;o &#40;interven&#231;&#227;o&#58; 10&#37;&#59; controle&#58; 30&#37;&#58; OR &#61; 0&#46;25&#59; 95&#37;&#160;IC&#58;&#160;0&#46;08&#8211;0&#46;82&#59; p &#61; 0&#46;017&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Kaaresen et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0385"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">35</span></a> &#40;2008&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">PMT PN &#60; 2000g&#58; n &#61; 146 &#40;grupo interven&#231;&#227;o n &#61; 72&#44; grupo controle n &#61; 74&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Noruega&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Mother&#8208;Infant Transaction Program &#8211;</span> vers&#227;o modificada&#47; Bayley II&#46; Idade da avalia&#231;&#227;o&#58; 24 meses&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Nenhum efeito&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Nenhum efeito&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">N&#227;o avaliado&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#205;ndice desenvolvimento mental&#58; Diferen&#231;a entre as m&#233;dias dos grupos interven&#231;&#227;o e controle igual a 0&#46;7 &#40;95&#37;&#160;IC&#58;&#160;&#8211;4&#46;3&#8208;6&#46;0&#41; &#40;p &#61; 0&#46;74&#41;&#205;ndice desenvolvimento motor&#58; Diferen&#231;a entre as m&#233;dias dos grupos interven&#231;&#227;o e controle igual a 1&#46;2 &#40;95&#37;&#160;IC&#58;&#160;&#8211;4&#46;3&#8208;6&#46;8&#41; &#40;p &#61; 0&#46;66&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
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                    0 => array:2 [
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                        0 => array:2 [
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                            0 => "A&#46;P&#46; Zomignani"
                            1 => "H&#46;J&#46; Zambelli"
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                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Rev Paul Pediatr"
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                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Science"
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                        "volumen" => "333"
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                        "tituloSerie" => "Pediatrics"
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                      "titulo" => "Early childhood development coming of age&#58; science through the life course"
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                          "etal" => true
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                            2 => "L&#46;C&#46; Fernald"
                            3 => "C&#46;T&#46; Andersen"
                            4 => "A&#46;M&#46; DiGirolamo"
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                        "paginaFinal" => "90"
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                            2 => "F&#46;J&#46; Biasini"
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                            4 => "O&#46; Pasha"
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                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
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                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "S&#46; Grantham-Mcgregor"
                            1 => "Y&#46;B&#46; Cheung"
                            2 => "S&#46; Cueto"
                            3 => "P&#46; Glewwe"
                            4 => "L&#46; Ritcher"
                            5 => "B&#46; Strupp"
                          ]
                        ]
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Artigo de revisão
Effects of early interventions focused on the family in the development of children born preterm and/or at social risk: a meta‐analysis
Efeitos da intervenção precoce com foco na família no desenvolvimento de crianças nascidas prematuras e/ou em risco social: metanálise
Rachel de Carvalho Ferreiraa,
Autor para correspondência
rcffisio2016@gmail.com

Autor para correspondência.
, Claudia Regina Lindgren Alvesb, Marina Aguiar Pires Guimarãesc, Kênia Kiefer Parreiras de Menezesd, Lívia de Castro Magalhãese
a Grupo Universidade Brasil, Faculdade Santa Luzia, Departamento de Fisioterapia, Santa Luzia, MG, Brasil
b Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Pediatria, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
c Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ciências da Saúde - Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
d Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional (EEFFTO), Departamento de Fisioterapia, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
e Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional (EEFFTO), Departamento de Terapia Ocupacional, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
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estimular as compet&#234;ncias emergentes&#44; minimizar atrasos do desenvolvimento&#44; reduzir as defici&#234;ncias existentes&#44; prevenir a perda da funcionalidade&#44; contribuir para a estrutura&#231;&#227;o do v&#237;nculo m&#227;e&#47;beb&#234; e o acolhimento dessas crian&#231;as pela fam&#237;lia&#44; promover a parentalidade adaptativa e o funcionamento global familiar&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0290"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16&#44;17</span></a></p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A interven&#231;&#227;o precoce com foco na fam&#237;lia tem como objetivo dar suporte &#224; din&#226;mica familiar no ambiente dom&#233;stico&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0300"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a> Esse tipo de abordagem tem sido preconizado devido &#224; possibilidade de influenciar o cuidado e os est&#237;mulos oferecidos cotidianamente pela fam&#237;lia e&#44; consequentemente&#44; impactar positivamente o desenvolvimento da crian&#231;a&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0300"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18&#8211;22</span></a> Seus componentes principais s&#227;o o apoio psicossocial e a educa&#231;&#227;o parental&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0325"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23</span></a> O apoio psicossocial aos pais tem como objetivo diminuir o estresse&#44; a ansiedade e os sintomas depressivos&#44; bem como aumentar a autoefic&#225;cia&#44; a sensibilidade materna e a capacidade de responder nas intera&#231;&#245;es com o beb&#234;&#44; o que tem efeito positivo sobre o ambiente da crian&#231;a e contribui para melhorar o desfecho do desenvolvimento&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0325"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23</span></a> A educa&#231;&#227;o parental visa a aumentar a capacidade&#44; o conhecimento e a habilidade dos pais para cuidar do beb&#234;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0325"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23</span></a></p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Embora pare&#231;a intuitivo que melhorar a rela&#231;&#227;o pais&#8208;filhos resulte em ganhos para o desenvolvimento do beb&#234;&#44; a efic&#225;cia dos programas de interven&#231;&#227;o precoce com foco na fam&#237;lia ainda n&#227;o foi totalmente estabelecida&#46; O planejamento de interven&#231;&#245;es baseado em evid&#234;ncias cient&#237;ficas permite a prioriza&#231;&#227;o de problemas&#44; o dimensionamento dos riscos e benef&#237;cios da interven&#231;&#227;o e a monitoriza&#231;&#227;o e avalia&#231;&#227;o dos resultados&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0330"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">24</span></a> A s&#237;ntese de evid&#234;ncias cient&#237;fica geradas por revis&#245;es sistem&#225;ticas e metan&#225;lises&#44; somadas &#224; experi&#234;ncia do profissional da sa&#250;de e &#224;s prefer&#234;ncias do paciente&#44; pode apoiar tamb&#233;m a tomada de decis&#245;es na pr&#225;tica cl&#237;nica&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0335"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">25</span></a> Neste sentido&#44; o objetivo desta metan&#225;lise foi avaliar e sintetizar as evid&#234;ncias sobre os efeitos dos programas de interven&#231;&#227;o precoce com foco na fam&#237;lia no desenvolvimento cognitivo&#44; motor e linguagem de crian&#231;as prematuras e&#47;ou risco social nos primeiros&#160;tr&#234;s anos de vida dispon&#237;veis na literatura&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0070">M&#233;todos</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O protocolo desya revis&#227;o foi registrado no Prospero&#58; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews</span> &#40;CRD&#160;42018082059&#41; &#40;dispon&#237;vel em <a href="http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?ID=CRD42018082059">http&#58;&#47;&#47;www&#46;crd&#46;york&#46;ac&#46;uk&#47;PROSPERO&#47;display&#95;record&#46;php&#63;ID&#61;CRD42018082059</a>&#41;&#46; A revis&#227;o seguiu as recomenda&#231;&#245;es da <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Cochrane Library</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0340"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">26</span></a> e <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta&#8208;Analyses</span> &#40;PRISMA&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0345"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">27</span></a> Dois autores independentes fizeram a busca da literatura nas bases de dados CINAHL&#44; Medline &#8211; Pubmed&#44; Medline &#8211; BVS&#44; Lilacs &#8211; BVS&#44; IBECS &#8211; BVS&#44; PEDro e Cochrane&#47;Reviews de artigos publicados nos &#250;ltimos&#160;10&#160;anos &#40;janeiro de 2008 a agosto de 2018&#41;&#44; em&#160;tr&#234;s&#160;idiomas &#40;portugu&#234;s&#44; ingl&#234;s e espanhol&#41;&#46; Foi tamb&#233;m feita busca nas refer&#234;ncias dos artigos encontrados nas bases de dados&#46; Foram usadas tr&#234;s&#160;estrat&#233;gias de busca&#44; com uso de termos escolhidos previamente em consulta aos Descritores em Ci&#234;ncias da Sa&#250;de &#40;DeCS&#41;&#44; inclusive os termos&#58; 1&#41; Infant <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">or</span> Infant&#44; Premature <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">or</span> Premature <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">or</span> Infant&#44; Newborn <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">and</span> Child Development <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">or</span> Language Development <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">or</span> Child Language <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">or</span> Psychomotor Performance <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">or</span> Motor Skills <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">or</span> Cognition <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">and</span> Early Intervention &#40;Education&#41; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">or</span> Early Intervention&#59; 2&#41; Infant <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">or</span> Infant&#44; Premature <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">or</span> Premature <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">or</span> Infant&#44; Newborn <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">and</span> Developmental Disabilities <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">or</span> Delay Development <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">and</span> Early Intervention &#40;Education<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">&#41; or</span> Early Intervention&#59; 3&#41; Infant <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">or</span> Infant&#44; Premature <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">or</span> Premature <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">or</span> Infant&#44; Newborn <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">and</span> Motor Skills Disorders <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">or</span> Cognition Disorders <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">or</span> Movement Disorders <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">or</span> Language <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">and</span> Early Intervention &#40;Education&#41; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">or</span> Early Intervention&#46;</p><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">Crit&#233;rios de sele&#231;&#227;o</span><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Foram inclu&#237;dos estudos&#58; 1&#41;&#160;Experimentais&#44; como ensaios cl&#237;nicos aleatorizados&#44; quase&#8211;experimental e experimental de caso&#8211;&#250;nico&#59; 2&#41;&#160;Cujo p&#250;blico&#8208;alvo eram prematuros com idade gestacional&#160;&#706;&#160;37 semanas&#44; sem altera&#231;&#245;es neuromotoras e anormalidades cong&#234;nitas e&#47;ou crian&#231;as em risco social&#59; 3&#41;&#160;De interven&#231;&#227;o precoce com foco na fam&#237;lia que apresentaram pelo menos um dos dois seguintes componentes principais&#58; apoio psicossocial aos pais&#44; que poderia ser aconselhamento psicol&#243;gico ou apoio social&#44; e&#47;ou educa&#231;&#227;o parental&#44; que poderia incluir informa&#231;&#227;o sobre desenvolvimento infantil&#44; demonstra&#231;&#245;es do comportamento infantil com discuss&#227;o ou envolvimento dos pais em atividades de intera&#231;&#227;o com o beb&#234; com <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">feedback</span> do profissional&#59; 4&#41;&#160;Interven&#231;&#227;o precoce com foco na fam&#237;lia&#44; feita em visitas domiciliares e&#47;ou durante a consulta ambulatorial&#44; antes e&#47;ou ap&#243;s alta hospitalar&#44; com atendimento individual e&#47;ou em grupo&#59; 5&#41;&#160;Em que foi avaliado o desenvolvimento motor e&#47;ou linguagem e&#47;ou cogni&#231;&#227;o at&#233; o terceiro ano de vida por meio de testes padronizados&#46; Foram exclu&#237;dos estudos de revis&#227;o sistem&#225;tica e&#47;ou metan&#225;lise&#44; longitudinais&#44; transversais&#44; relato de caso&#44; coorte e caso&#8208;controle&#46; Todos os estudos foram avaliados pela escala PEDro da <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Physiotherapy Evidence Database</span>&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0350"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">28</span></a> foram exclu&#237;dos aqueles com pontua&#231;&#227;o &#8804;&#160;5&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0080">Avalia&#231;&#227;o da validade e risco de vi&#233;s</span><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A elegibilidade e a aprecia&#231;&#227;o da qualidade dos artigos foram feitas por dois avaliadores independentes&#44; que inicialmente analisaram os t&#237;tulos e os resumos para obten&#231;&#227;o de artigos potencialmente relevantes&#46; Os artigos que se encaixaram nos crit&#233;rios de elegibilidade da presente revis&#227;o foram lidos na integra e pontuados segundo crit&#233;rios da escala PEDro<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0350"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">28</span></a> para verifica&#231;&#227;o da qualidade metodol&#243;gica&#46;</p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A escala PEDro<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0350"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">28</span></a> baseia&#8208;se em lista Delphi e apresenta&#160;11&#160;itens&#44; o item &#8220;especifica&#231;&#227;o de crit&#233;rios de inclus&#227;o&#8221; n&#227;o &#233; pontuado&#44; os demais itens da escala s&#227;o&#58; crit&#233;rios de inclus&#227;o de sujeitos&#59; aloca&#231;&#227;o aleat&#243;ria&#59; sigilo na aloca&#231;&#227;o&#59; similaridade dos grupos na fase inicial&#59; mascaramento dos sujeitos&#44; do terapeuta e do avaliador&#59; medida de pelo menos um resultado&#8208;chave&#59; an&#225;lise da inten&#231;&#227;o de tratar&#59; resultados de compara&#231;&#227;o estat&#237;stica entre grupos e relato de medidas de variabilidade&#59; e precis&#227;o de pelo menos um desfecho&#46; Cada item ganha&#160;um&#160;ponto quando atinge o crit&#233;rio de resposta&#44; num total de 10&#160;pontos&#46; No presente estudo&#44; para selecionar artigos com maior rigor metodol&#243;gico&#44; usamos como ponto de corte pontua&#231;&#227;o&#160;&#707;&#160;5&#46;</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">An&#225;lise do risco de vi&#233;s &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Risk of Bias</span>&#41; dos artigos inclu&#237;dos foi feita por dois avaliadores&#44; de acordo com o <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Intervention</span>&#44; levaram&#8208;se em considera&#231;&#227;o a gera&#231;&#227;o da sequ&#234;ncia de randomiza&#231;&#227;o&#44; aloca&#231;&#227;o secreta&#44; cegamento&#44; dados incompletos e outras fontes de vi&#233;s&#46; Cada item foi classificado em &#8220;baixo risco de vies&#8221;&#8217;&#44; &#8220;alto risco de vies&#8221; e &#8220;risco de vi&#233;s desconhecido&#8221;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0355"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">29</span></a></p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0085">An&#225;lise dos dados</span><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Para an&#225;lise dos dados foi criada tabela com as seguintes vari&#225;veis&#58; identifica&#231;&#227;o do estudo &#40;t&#237;tulo e autores&#41;&#44; ano de publica&#231;&#227;o&#44; pa&#237;s da pesquisa&#44; tamanho da amostra e suas caracter&#237;sticas&#44; idade das crian&#231;as&#44; caracter&#237;stica da interven&#231;&#227;o precoce &#40;descri&#231;&#227;o da interven&#231;&#227;o&#44; idade da interven&#231;&#227;o&#44; individual ou grupo&#44; feitura no hospital&#47;ou domiciliar&#44; antes ou ap&#243;s a alta&#44; n&#250;mero de sess&#245;es&#41;&#44; desfechos&#44; instrumentos de avalia&#231;&#227;o&#44; resultados&#47;conclus&#245;es e escores PEDro&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0350"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">28</span></a></p><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Para obter an&#225;lise da estimativa combinada dos efeitos da interven&#231;&#227;o&#44; escores p&#243;s&#8208;interven&#231;&#227;o foram extra&#237;dos e analisados com o <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">fixed&#8208;effect model</span>&#46; No caso de heterogeneidade estatisticamente significativa &#40;I<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#160;&#62;&#160;40&#37;&#41;&#44; foi aplicado modelo de efeitos aleat&#243;rios &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">random effects model</span>&#41;&#46; Os dados agrupados de todos os desfechos foram registrados como Diferen&#231;a M&#233;dia Padronizada &#40;DMP&#41; e seus respectivos Intervalos de Confian&#231;a de 95&#37; &#40;95&#37;&#160;IC&#41;&#46; As an&#225;lises foram feitas com o <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">software</span> Comprehensive Meta&#8208;Analysis<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0360"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">30</span></a> &#40;vers&#227;o 3&#46;0&#59; Biostat&#44; Englewood&#44; New Jersey&#41;&#46; O valor cr&#237;tico para rejeitar H0 foi estabelecido com n&#237;vel de&#160;0&#44;05 &#40;bicaudal&#41;&#46;</p></span></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0090">Resultados</span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0095">Fluxograma dos estudos da revis&#227;o</span><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Na busca eletr&#244;nica foram identificados 3&#46;378&#160;artigos nas diferentes bases de dados cujos t&#237;tulos e&#47;ou resumos foram analisados&#46; Desses&#44; 3&#46;345 foram exclu&#237;dos e os 33&#160;estudos potencialmente eleg&#237;veis tiveram seus textos analisados&#46; A partir da leitura completa dos textos&#44; 13&#160;artigos foram selecionados e pontuados pela Escala PEDro&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0350"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">28</span></a> Desses&#44; tr&#234;s&#160;artigos foram exclu&#237;dos por apresentar pontua&#231;&#227;o&#160;&#8804;&#160;5&#44; foram selecionados&#44; portanto&#44; 10&#160;artigos&#46; Na busca manual das refer&#234;ncias dos 10 estudos selecionados na base de dados&#44; foram encontrados outros 10&#160;artigos&#44; mas somente dois&#160;estudos estavam relacionados ao tema e receberam pontua&#231;&#227;o&#160;&#707;&#160;5 na Escala PEDro&#46; Portanto&#44; foram inclu&#237;dos 12 estudos na an&#225;lise qualitativa e 10 estudos na an&#225;lise quantitativa &#40;metan&#225;lise&#41;&#46; A <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">fig&#46; 1</a> representa o fluxograma da revis&#227;o &#40;Adaptado do Prisma&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0100">Caracter&#237;sticas dos estudos inclu&#237;dos</span><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os 12&#160;artigos inclu&#237;dos envolveram 2&#46;559&#160;participantes &#40;interven&#231;&#227;o&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;1305 e controle&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;1&#46;254&#41; e investigaram sete modalidades de interven&#231;&#227;o para promo&#231;&#227;o de melhor desenvolvimento infantil&#44; que tinham como componente comum orienta&#231;&#245;es&#47;educa&#231;&#227;o parental&#46; Todos os ensaios cl&#237;nicos compararam interven&#231;&#227;o ao grupo controle&#44; que recebeu atendimento habitual&#44; que consistiu em atendimento&#8208;padr&#227;o do servi&#231;o sem interven&#231;&#227;o&#44; o que incluiu encaminhamento para servi&#231;o de interven&#231;&#227;o precoce&#47;fisioterapia caso a equipe de sa&#250;de observasse necessidade&#59;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20&#44;21&#44;31&#8211;33</span></a> atendimento cl&#237;nico&#44; massagem orientada por fisioterapeuta e <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">follow&#8208;up</span> ap&#243;s a alta&#59;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0380"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">34&#44;35</span></a> cuidados habituais com interven&#231;&#245;es com foco na crian&#231;a e visitas cl&#237;nicas neonatais&#59;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0390"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">36</span></a> cuidado habitual que incluiu posicionamento e m&#233;todo canguru&#59;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0395"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">37</span></a> visitas domiciliares baseadas no curr&#237;culo da OMS&#59;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5&#44;38</span></a> e somente em&#160;um&#160;estudo o atendimento&#8208;padr&#227;o n&#227;o foi especificado&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0405"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">39</span></a> As caracter&#237;sticas da interven&#231;&#227;o e do seguimento dos controles nos estudos revisados est&#227;o sumarizados na <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">tabela 1</a>&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">As caracter&#237;sticas gerais e os desfechos dos estudos est&#227;o sumarizados na <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">tabela 2</a>&#46; A maioria dos artigos selecionados se refere a estudos feitos em pa&#237;ses de alta renda&#58; Holanda &#40;tr&#234;s&#160;artigos&#41;&#44; Noruega &#40;dois artigos&#41;&#44; Austr&#225;lia &#40;dois artigos&#41; e Canad&#225; &#40;um artigo&#41;&#46; Os demais artigos s&#227;o origin&#225;rios de pa&#237;ses de baixa e m&#233;dia renda&#58; &#205;ndia&#44; Paquist&#227;o e Z&#226;mbia publicaram em conjunto dois artigos e Taiwan&#44; Jamaica&#44; Ant&#237;gua e Santa L&#250;cia publicaram um artigo cada&#46; A maioria&#44; nove&#160;dos&#160;12&#160;artigos inclu&#237;dos&#44; relata efeitos positivos da interven&#231;&#227;o na cogni&#231;&#227;o&#46; No desfecho motor&#44; cinco&#160;dos&#160;11&#160;estudos que avaliaram esse desfecho encontraram efeitos positivos&#46; No entanto&#44; nos quatro estudos que avaliaram linguagem&#44; n&#227;o foram observados efeitos da interven&#231;&#227;o&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Todos os estudos eram ensaios cl&#237;nicos randomizados&#44; com pontua&#231;&#227;o na Escala PEDro que variaram de&#160;6&#160;a&#160;8&#160;pontos &#40;m&#233;dia igual&#160;6&#41; &#40;Para detalhes da pontua&#231;&#227;o&#44; veja <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#sec0100">material suplementar 1</a>&#41;&#46; Quanto ao risco de vi&#233;s &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Risk of Bias</span>&#41; &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">fig&#46; 2</a>&#41;&#44; observa&#8208;se aus&#234;ncia de aloca&#231;&#227;o secreta dos sujeitos para os grupos interven&#231;&#227;o e controle em seis estudos&#44; aus&#234;ncia do cegamento dos participantes e do profissional que fez a interven&#231;&#227;o dos ensaios cl&#237;nicos em todos os estudos&#44; al&#233;m de diferen&#231;as nas caracter&#237;sticas das amostras dos grupos interven&#231;&#227;o e controle na fase inicial &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">baseline</span>&#41; em dois estudos&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0105">Participantes</span><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A maioria dos estudos revisados tinha como p&#250;blico&#8208;alvo prematuros&#44; foram tr&#234;s artigos referentes a crian&#231;as nascidas com idade gestacional inferior a 32 semanas e&#47;ou peso inferior a 1&#46;500&#160;gramas &#40;g&#41;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20&#44;32&#44;33</span></a> um artigo com beb&#234;s nascidos com idade gestacional inferior a 32&#160;semanas e&#47;ou peso ao nascimento entre 500<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>g e 1&#46;250g<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0395"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">37</span></a> e um artigo cuja amostra tinha idade gestacional inferior a&#160;30&#160;semanas&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0315"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21</span></a> Os outros artigos que abordavam prematuros tinham como crit&#233;rio de inclus&#227;o somente o peso ao nascimento&#160;&#706;&#160;2&#46;000g<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0380"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">34&#44;35</span></a> e um artigo com participantes com peso ao nascimento&#160;&#706;&#160;1&#46;500 gramas&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0390"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">36</span></a> Todos os estudos que abordavam prematuros tinham como crit&#233;rio de exclus&#227;o anormalidades cong&#234;nitas&#46; Os demais artigos &#40;quatro&#160;artigos&#41; abordavam crian&#231;as consideradas em risco socioecon&#244;mico&#44; mas apenas um estudo abordou exclusivamente o risco social&#44; com exclus&#227;o de crian&#231;as prematuras&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0405"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">39</span></a> Nos demais foram tamb&#233;m inclu&#237;das crian&#231;as com e sem asfixia neonatal&#44; crian&#231;as nascidas a termo e prematuros&#44; foram exclu&#237;dos aqueles prematuros com peso ao nascimento inferior a 1&#46;500<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>g&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5&#44;38</span></a> e um artigo abordou crian&#231;as prematuras com idade gestacional inferior a&#160;30&#160;semanas&#44; que foram classificadas como de alto e baixo risco social&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0365"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a></p></span><span id="sec0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0110">Avalia&#231;&#227;o do desenvolvimento cognitivo&#44; motor e linguagem</span><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O desfecho cognitivo foi avaliado em todos os artigos revisados&#44; em 11&#160;estudos o desenvolvimento motor foi avaliado&#44; mas somente quatro inclu&#237;ram avalia&#231;&#227;o da linguagem&#46; A Escala Bayley do Desenvolvimento Infantil 2&#170; Edi&#231;&#227;o &#40;Bayley&#160;II&#41; foi o teste usado para avalia&#231;&#227;o de desfecho na maioria dos estudos &#40;oito artigos&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5&#44;20&#44;32&#8211;35&#44;37&#44;38</span></a> Os demais artigos usaram a Escala Bayley do Desenvolvimento Infantil 3&#170;&#160;Edi&#231;&#227;o &#40;Bayley&#160;III&#41; &#40;tr&#234;s&#160;estudos&#41;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0315"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21&#44;31&#44;36</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Griffith Mental Development Scales e MacArthur&#8208;Bates Short Form of the Communicative Development Inventory</span> &#40;CDI&#41; &#40;um artigo&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0405"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">39</span></a></p><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A idade da avalia&#231;&#227;o do desenvolvimento variou bastante&#44; em um ter&#231;o dos estudos a avalia&#231;&#227;o foi feita aos&#160;24&#160;meses &#40;quatro estudos&#41;&#46; Nos demais&#44; as avalia&#231;&#245;es foram feitas dos&#160;12&#160;aos&#160;36&#160;meses &#40;um estudo&#41;&#44; aos&#160;12&#44;&#160;24&#160;e&#160;36&#160;meses &#40;dois estudos&#41;&#44; aos&#160;18&#160;meses &#40;um estudo&#41; e aos seis&#160;meses &#40;um estudo&#41;&#46; Em tr&#234;s estudos foi feita avalia&#231;&#227;o longitudinal por per&#237;odo mais prolongado&#44; em dois artigos at&#233; aos&#160;cinco&#160;anos e meio e um artigo at&#233; os&#160;oito&#160;anos&#44; mas como o foco da metan&#225;lise foram interven&#231;&#245;es nos tr&#234;s primeiros anos de vida&#44; s&#243; foram considerados os resultados referentes a essa faixa et&#225;ria&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0055" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0115">Caracter&#237;sticas da interven&#231;&#227;o com foco na fam&#237;lia</span><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Na <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">tabela 1</a>&#44; foram apresentadas as caracter&#237;sticas das interven&#231;&#245;es com foco na fam&#237;lia&#46; Na maioria dos estudos&#44; as interven&#231;&#245;es foram individuais&#44; com n&#250;mero de sess&#245;es variaram de&#160;cinco&#160;a&#160;13&#44; feitas em sua maioria ap&#243;s a alta hospitalar e nos primeiros 12&#160;meses de vida das crian&#231;as&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20&#44;21&#44;31&#8211;36</span></a> e todas as interven&#231;&#245;es envolveram componentes de orienta&#231;&#227;o&#47;educa&#231;&#227;o parental para estimular o desenvolvimento dos seus filhos&#44; principalmente&#44; por meio da teoria s&#237;ncrono&#8208;ativa&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20&#44;32&#8211;37</span></a> Embora o objetivo dessa revis&#227;o tenha sido abordar interven&#231;&#245;es com foco na fam&#237;lia&#44; na maioria dos estudos&#44; a fam&#237;lia se restringiu ao envolvimento das m&#227;es e pais&#44; com exce&#231;&#227;o do estudo de Chang et al&#46;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0405"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">39</span></a> no qual a interven&#231;&#227;o precoce envolveu somente as m&#227;es&#46;</p><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Infant Behavioral Assessment and Intervention Program</span> &#40;IBAIP&#41; foi investigado em tr&#234;s artigos&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20&#44;32&#44;33</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Mother&#8208;Infant Transaction Program &#8211;</span> vers&#227;o modificada em dois artigos&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0380"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">34&#44;35</span></a> um estudo abordou o <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Newborn Individualized Developmental Care and Assessment Program</span> &#40;NIDCAP&#41;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0395"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">37</span></a> dois estudos o <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Victorian Infant Brain Studies</span> &#40;VIBeS Plus&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0315"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21&#44;31</span></a> e em dois estudos foi feita interven&#231;&#227;o baseada no curr&#237;culo <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Partners for Learning</span>&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5&#44;38</span></a> Os outros dois artigos abordaram orienta&#231;&#245;es educativas aos pais por meio de exibi&#231;&#227;o de filmes&#44; discuss&#227;o e suporte aos pais&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0390"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">36&#44;39</span></a></p></span><span id="sec0060" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0120">Efeitos da interven&#231;&#227;o precoce com foco na fam&#237;lia na cogni&#231;&#227;o</span><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os efeitos da interven&#231;&#227;o com foco na fam&#237;lia na cogni&#231;&#227;o de crian&#231;as nascidas prematuramente foram avaliados em oito ensaios cl&#237;nicos&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20&#44;21&#44;32&#8211;37</span></a> As interven&#231;&#245;es e os respectivos instrumentos de avalia&#231;&#227;o usados nos estudos foram&#58; IBAIP e Bayley&#160;II&#59;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20&#44;32&#44;33</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Mother&#8208;Infant Transaction Program &#8211;</span> vers&#227;o modificada e Bayley&#160;II&#59;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0380"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">34&#44;35</span></a> equipe do VIBeS Plus e Bayley III&#59;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0315"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21</span></a> NIDCAP e Bayley II&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0395"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">37</span></a> Em um dos estudos&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0390"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">36</span></a> dois grupos foram submetidos &#224; mesma interven&#231;&#227;o com foco na fam&#237;lia&#44; um no domic&#237;lio e o outro no ambulat&#243;rio&#44; e o instrumento da avalia&#231;&#227;o foi a Bayley&#160;III&#46; Todas as interven&#231;&#245;es apresentavam caracter&#237;sticas j&#225; mencionadas&#44; baseadas principalmente na teoria s&#237;ncrono&#8208;ativa&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20&#44;32&#8211;37</span></a> Os grupos controle receberam cuidado habitual do servi&#231;o&#44; mas sem a interven&#231;&#227;o precoce com foco na fam&#237;lia&#46;</p><p id="par0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A an&#225;lise dos efeitos da interven&#231;&#227;o na cogni&#231;&#227;o nas crian&#231;as prematuras foi feita agrupando os dados dos oito estudos &#40;n&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;1&#46;238 participantes&#58; interven&#231;&#227;o&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;643&#59; controle&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;595&#41;&#46; No resultado geral&#44; crian&#231;as que receberam interven&#231;&#227;o precoce com foco na fam&#237;lia apresentaram m&#233;dia padronizada de escores cognitivos 0&#44;48&#160;&#40;95&#37;&#160;IC&#58;&#160;0&#44;34&#8208;0&#44;61&#59; p&#160;&#60;&#160;0&#44;001&#59; I<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;39&#37;&#41; maior do que as crian&#231;as que receberam cuidados habituais do servi&#231;o&#46; Em dois estudos&#44; os efeitos da interven&#231;&#227;o na cogni&#231;&#227;o foram avaliados aos&#160;seis&#160;meses de idade<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20&#44;32</span></a> e n&#227;o houve mudan&#231;a significativa na cogni&#231;&#227;o &#40;DMP&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;1&#44;83&#59; 95&#37;&#160;IC&#58;&#160;&#8211;1&#44;08&#8208;4&#44;74&#59; p&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;0&#44;21&#59; I<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;39&#37;&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0125" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">No estudo em que a avalia&#231;&#227;o foi feita aos 12&#160;meses&#44; 32&#160;crian&#231;as que receberam interven&#231;&#227;o apresentaram m&#233;dia padronizada de escores cognitivos&#160;0&#44;86 &#40;95&#37;&#160;IC&#58;&#160;0&#44;54&#8208;1&#44;18&#59; p&#160;&#60;&#160;0&#44;001&#59; I<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;39&#37;&#41; maior do que as crian&#231;as do grupo controle&#46; No estudo&#44; com avalia&#231;&#227;o aos&#160;18&#160;meses&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0395"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">37</span></a> n&#227;o houve mudan&#231;a significativa na cogni&#231;&#227;o &#40;DMP&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;0&#44;31&#59; 95&#37;&#160;IC&#58;&#160;&#8211;0&#44;07&#8208;0&#44;7&#59; p&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;0&#44;11&#59; I<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;39&#37;&#41;&#46; Em cinco estudos a avalia&#231;&#227;o foi feita aos&#160;24&#160;meses<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0365"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31&#8211;33&#44;35&#44;36</span></a> e as crian&#231;as que receberam interven&#231;&#227;o apresentaram m&#233;dia padronizada de escores cognitivos&#160;0&#44;4&#160;&#40;95&#37;&#160;IC&#58;&#160;0&#44;22&#8208;0&#44;59&#59; p&#160;&#60;&#160;0&#44;001&#59; I<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;39&#37;&#41; maior do que as crian&#231;as do grupo controle&#46; Em um &#250;nico estudo&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0380"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">34</span></a> a avalia&#231;&#227;o foi feita aos&#160;36&#160;meses e houve aumento na m&#233;dia padronizada de escores cognitivos de 0&#44;41 &#40;95&#37;&#160;IC&#58;&#160;0&#44;22&#8208;0&#44;59&#59; p&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;0&#44;018&#59; I<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;39&#37;&#41; das crian&#231;as do grupo interven&#231;&#227;o comparado ao controle &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0015">fig&#46; 3</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0015"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0130" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Dos quatro estudos que avaliaram a cogni&#231;&#227;o na amostra de crian&#231;as consideradas em risco social e&#47;ou biol&#243;gico&#44; dois estudos fizeram interven&#231;&#227;o domiciliar com base no curr&#237;culo <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Partners for Learning</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5&#44;38</span></a> e o efeito foi avaliado pela Bayley&#160;II&#46; Em outro estudo&#44; a interven&#231;&#227;o foi feita pela equipe do VIBeS Plus e o instrumento foi a Bayley&#160;III&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0365"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a></p><p id="par0135" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">No quarto ensaio cl&#237;nico&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0405"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">39</span></a> a interven&#231;&#227;o consistia na exibi&#231;&#227;o de filmes curtos&#44; elaborados por consultores de educa&#231;&#227;o em sa&#250;de &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Development Media International</span>&#44; Londres&#44; Inglaterra&#41;&#44; seguida de grupos de discuss&#227;o sobre os filmes e atividades pr&#225;ticas com as crian&#231;as&#44; as m&#227;es eram encorajadas a fazer essas atividades em casa com suas crian&#231;as&#46;</p><p id="par0140" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O desfecho cognitivo foi avaliado com a <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Griffith Mental Development Scales</span> e o <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">MacArthur&#8208;Bates Short Form do Communicative Development Inventory</span> &#40;CDI&#41;&#46; Quanto &#224;s caracter&#237;sticas das interven&#231;&#245;es&#44; todas apresentavam componente de orienta&#231;&#227;o aos pais para desenvolvimento dos filhos e foram feitas ap&#243;s a alta hospitalar&#44; houve varia&#231;&#227;o nas demais caracter&#237;sticas&#46;</p><p id="par0145" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A an&#225;lise dos efeitos da interven&#231;&#227;o na cogni&#231;&#227;o das crian&#231;as em risco social e&#47;ou biol&#243;gico foi feita agrupando os dados de dois estudos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5&#44;31</span></a> &#40;n&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;527 participantes&#58; interven&#231;&#227;o&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;265 e controle&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;262&#41;&#46; N&#227;o foi poss&#237;vel incluir o estudo de Bann et al&#46;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0400"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">38</span></a> por n&#227;o apresentar os dados necess&#225;rios para metan&#225;lise&#46; Embora a proposta inicial fosse de considerar somente crian&#231;as em risco social&#44; isso n&#227;o foi poss&#237;vel&#44; pois foi encontrado apenas um estudo<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0405"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">39</span></a> com esse tipo de amostra&#46; Dessa forma&#44; a metan&#225;lise foi feita com os dois estudos que inclu&#237;ram crian&#231;as em risco social e biol&#243;gico &#40;prematuridade&#41;&#58; Wallander et al&#46;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> que inclu&#237;ram prematuros e a termos de alto risco social&#44; e Spittle et al&#46;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0365"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a> cuja amostra de prematuros foi classificada em alto e baixo risco social&#46;</p><p id="par0150" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">No resultado geral&#44; a interven&#231;&#227;o com foco na fam&#237;lia n&#227;o promoveu mudan&#231;a significativa na cogni&#231;&#227;o &#40;DMP&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;0&#44;79&#59; 95&#37;&#160;IC&#58;&#160;&#8211;0&#44;31&#8208;0&#44;46&#59; p&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;0&#44;69&#59; I<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;1&#37;&#41; quando comparado &#224;s crian&#231;as do grupo controle&#46; Nos dois estudos&#44; nos quais se avaliou a cogni&#231;&#227;o de crian&#231;as em alto risco social &#40;DMP&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;0&#44;38&#59; 95&#37;&#160;IC&#58;&#160;&#8211;0&#46;32&#8208;1&#44;08&#59; p&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;0&#44;29&#59; I<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;1&#37;&#41;&#44; n&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a significativa nos escores da cogni&#231;&#227;o&#46; No estudo em que a amostra era de baixo risco social &#40;DMP&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;&#8211;0&#44;05&#59; 95&#37;&#160;IC&#58;&#160;&#8211;0&#44;52&#8208;0&#44;41&#59; p&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;0&#44;82&#59; I<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;1&#37;&#41; tamb&#233;m n&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a significativa na cogni&#231;&#227;o&#46; &#40;Para o <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">plot</span>&#44; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#sec0100">veja material suplementar 2</a>&#41;&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0065" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0125">Efeitos da interven&#231;&#227;o precoce com foco na fam&#237;lia sobre o desenvolvimento motor</span><p id="par0155" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os oito estudos que avaliaram a cogni&#231;&#227;o em prematuros tamb&#233;m avaliaram o desfecho motor&#44; portanto as caracter&#237;sticas dos estudos s&#227;o as mesmas relatadas no desfecho cogni&#231;&#227;o&#46;</p><p id="par0160" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os efeitos da interven&#231;&#227;o no desfecho motor na popula&#231;&#227;o de prematuros foram analisados agrupando os dados dos oito estudos &#40;n&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;1&#46;238&#160;participantes&#58; interven&#231;&#227;o&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;643&#59; controle&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;595&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20&#44;21&#44;32&#8211;37</span></a> No resultado geral&#44; crian&#231;as que receberam interven&#231;&#227;o precoce com foco na fam&#237;lia apresentaram m&#233;dia padronizada de escores de desenvolvimento motor 0&#44;76 &#40;95&#37;&#160;IC&#58;&#160;0&#44;55&#8208;0&#44;96&#59; p&#160;&#60;&#160;0&#44;001&#59; I<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;88&#37;&#41; maior do que as crian&#231;as que receberam cuidados habituais do servi&#231;o&#46; Assim como na cogni&#231;&#227;o&#44; em dois estudos o desfecho motor foi avaliado aos&#160;seis&#160;meses &#40;DMP&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;2&#44;54&#59; 95&#37;&#160;IC&#58;&#160;&#8211;1&#44;72&#8208;6&#44;81&#59; p&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;0&#44;24&#59; I<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;88&#37;&#41; e n&#227;o houve mudan&#231;a significativa&#46; Somente em um estudo a avalia&#231;&#227;o foi feita aos&#160;12&#160;meses e as crian&#231;as do grupo interven&#231;&#227;o tiveram m&#233;dia padronizada de escores de desenvolvimento motor 2&#44;08 &#40;95&#37;&#160;IC&#58;&#160;1&#44;7&#8208;2&#44;46&#59; p&#160;&#60;&#160;0&#44;001&#59; I<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;88&#37;&#41; maior do que as crian&#231;as do grupo controle&#46; Um estudo avaliou o desfecho motor aos&#160;18&#160;meses &#40;DMP&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;0&#44;26&#59; 95&#37;&#160;IC&#58;&#160;&#8211;0&#44;13&#8208;0&#44;65&#59; p&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;0&#44;19&#59; I<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;88&#37;&#41;&#44; cinco estudos aos&#160;24&#160;meses &#40;DMP&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;0&#44;83&#59; 95&#37;&#160;IC&#58;&#160;&#8211;0&#44;08&#8208;1&#44;75&#59; p&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;0&#44;07&#59; I<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;88&#37;&#41; e um estudo aos&#160;36&#160;meses de idade &#40;DMP&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#160;0&#44;06&#59; 95&#37;&#160;IC&#58;&#160;&#8211;0&#44;27&#8208;0&#44;4&#59; p&#160;&#61;&#160;0&#44;71&#59; I<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#160;&#61;&#160;88&#37;&#41;&#44; n&#227;o foi evidenciada mudan&#231;a significativa no dom&#237;nio motor nessas idades &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0020">fig&#46; 4</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0020"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0165" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Em tr&#234;s dos quatro estudos j&#225; descritos no desfecho cognitivo&#44; tamb&#233;m foi feita avalia&#231;&#227;o do desenvolvimento motor em crian&#231;as em risco social e&#47;ou biol&#243;gico&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5&#44;31&#44;39</span></a> A an&#225;lise dos efeitos da interven&#231;&#227;o no desenvolvimento motor foi feita agrupando os dados de dois estudos &#40;n&#160;&#61;&#160;527 participantes&#58; interven&#231;&#227;o&#160;&#61;&#160;265 e controle&#160;&#61;&#160;262&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5&#44;31</span></a> O estudo de Chang et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0405"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">39</span></a> foi exclu&#237;do e os estudos de Wallander et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> e Spittle et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0365"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a> foram inclu&#237;dos na an&#225;lise como j&#225; justificado no desfecho cogni&#231;&#227;o&#46; No resultado geral&#44; n&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a significativa no desenvolvimento motor das crian&#231;as em risco social e&#47;ou biol&#243;gico que receberam interven&#231;&#227;o &#40;DMP&#160;&#61;&#160;0&#44;12&#59; 95&#37;&#160;IC&#58;&#160;&#8211;0&#44;05&#8208;0&#44;29&#59; p&#160;&#61;&#160;0&#44;18&#59; I<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#160;&#61;&#160;0&#37;&#41;&#44; quando comparada aos controles&#46; Nos dois estudos com foco no desenvolvimento motor de crian&#231;as em alto risco social &#40;DMP&#160;&#61;&#160;0&#44;16&#59; 95&#37;&#160;IC&#58;&#160;&#8211;0&#44;03&#8208;0&#44;35&#59; p&#160;&#61;&#160;0&#44;1&#59; I<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#160;&#61;&#160;0&#37;&#41; n&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a significativa entre os grupos controle e interven&#231;&#227;o e nem no estudo que incluiu crian&#231;as de baixo risco &#40;DMP&#160;&#61;&#160;&#8211;0&#44;1&#59; 95&#37;&#160;IC&#58;&#160;&#8211;0&#44;57&#8208;0&#44;36&#59; p&#160;&#61;&#160;0&#44;65&#59; I<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#160;&#61;&#160;0&#37;&#41;&#46; &#40;Para o <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">plot</span>&#44; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#sec0100">veja material suplementar 3</a>&#41;&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0070" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0130">Efeitos da interven&#231;&#227;o precoce com foco na fam&#237;lia sobre linguagem</span><p id="par0170" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Dois estudos avaliaram efeitos da interven&#231;&#227;o na linguagem das crian&#231;as nascidas prematuras&#46; Um dos estudos se refere &#224; interven&#231;&#227;o elaborada pela equipe do VIBeS Plus&#44; cuja avalia&#231;&#227;o da linguagem foi feita com a escala Bayley&#160;III&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0315"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21</span></a> No outro estudo&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0390"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">36</span></a> dois grupos foram submetidos &#224; mesma interven&#231;&#227;o com foco na fam&#237;lia&#44; com diferen&#231;a apenas quanto ao local da interven&#231;&#227;o &#8211; no domic&#237;lio ou no ambulat&#243;rio &#8211; e o instrumento de avalia&#231;&#227;o tamb&#233;m foi a Bayley&#160;III&#46; Quanto &#224;s caracter&#237;sticas das interven&#231;&#245;es&#44; todas apresentavam componente de orienta&#231;&#227;o aos pais sobre o desenvolvimento dos filhos e a maioria foi feita individualmente&#44; o n&#250;mero de sess&#245;es various de&#160;nove a&#160;13&#44; nos primeiros&#160;12&#160;meses de vida da crian&#231;a&#44; foram feitas ap&#243;s a alta hospitalar&#46; O grupo controle recebeu cuidado habitual do servi&#231;o&#44; mas sem a interven&#231;&#227;o&#46;</p><p id="par0175" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A an&#225;lise dos efeitos da interven&#231;&#227;o na linguagem na popula&#231;&#227;o de prematuros foi feita agrupando os dados dos dois estudos &#40;n&#160;&#61;&#160;298 participantes&#58; interven&#231;&#227;o&#160;&#61;&#160;181 e controle&#160;&#61;&#160;117&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0315"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21&#44;36</span></a> Nos estudos examinados&#44; n&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a significativa na linguagem das crian&#231;as que receberam a interven&#231;&#227;o &#40;DMP&#160;&#61;&#160;0&#44;02&#59; 95&#37;&#160;IC&#58; &#8211;0&#44;23&#8208;0&#44;27&#59; p&#160;&#61;&#160;0&#44;87&#59; I<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#160;&#61;&#160;0&#41; quando comparadas &#224;s que receberam cuidados habituais dos servi&#231;os&#46; &#40;Para o <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">plot</span>&#44; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#sec0100">veja material suplementar 4</a>&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0180" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Na popula&#231;&#227;o em risco social e&#47;ou biol&#243;gico&#44; no estudo em que foram exibidos filmes curtos&#44; elaborados pela <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Development Media International</span>&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0405"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">39</span></a> a linguagem foi avaliada&#44; em m&#233;dia&#44; aos&#160;19&#160;meses de idade&#44; com uso da subescala de linguagem da <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Griffith Mental Development Scales</span> e pela <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">MacArthur&#8208;Bates Short Form</span> da <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Communicative Development Inventory</span> &#40;CDI&#41;&#46; No estudo de Spittle et al&#46;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0365"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a> a linguagem foi avaliada aos dois anos com a Bayley&#160;III&#46; Em ambos estudos n&#227;o foram observados efeitos significativos para a linguagem&#46; N&#227;o foi poss&#237;vel fazer a metan&#225;lise&#44; pois Chang et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0405"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">39</span></a> exclu&#237;ram prematuros da amostra e Spitlle et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0365"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a> investigaram prematuros&#44; foram consideradas&#44; portanto&#44; amostras heterog&#234;neas para a metan&#225;lise&#46;</p></span></span><span id="sec0075" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0135">Discuss&#227;o</span><p id="par0185" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Esta revis&#227;o teve como objetivo verificar os efeitos da interven&#231;&#227;o precoce com foco na fam&#237;lia na cogni&#231;&#227;o&#44; no desenvolvimento motor e na linguagem de crian&#231;as nascidas prematuras e&#47;ou em risco social nos primeiros&#160;tr&#234;s anos de vida&#46; Foram inclu&#237;dos 12&#160;artigos&#44; em sua maioria de qualidade moderada<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5&#44;20&#44;21&#44;31&#8211;33&#44;36&#44;38&#44;39</span></a> e provenientes&#44; principalmente&#44; de pa&#237;ses de alta renda&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20&#44;21&#44;31&#8211;35&#44;37</span></a> As amostras eram compostas principalmente por crian&#231;as nascidas prematuras&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20&#44;21&#44;31&#8211;37</span></a> o &#250;nico dom&#237;nio avaliado em todos os estudos foi o cognitivo&#44; a linguagem foi avaliada em apenas quatro estudos&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0315"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21&#44;31&#44;36&#44;39</span></a> Os programas baseados na teoria s&#237;ncrona&#8208;Aaiva foram os mais frequentes&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20&#44;32&#8211;37</span></a></p><p id="par0195" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">No resultado geral&#44; a interven&#231;&#227;o precoce com foco na fam&#237;lia comparada aos cuidados habituais contribuiu para o desenvolvimento da cogni&#231;&#227;o em prematuros&#46; Esse resultado &#233; similar ao da metan&#225;lise feita por Vanderveen et al&#46;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0320"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a> que teve como objetivo avaliar interven&#231;&#245;es que envolviam os pais no desenvolvimento de prematuros&#46; Resultados semelhantes na cogni&#231;&#227;o tamb&#233;m foram encontrados em metan&#225;lise feita por Spittle et al&#46;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0300"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a> na qualse observou melhoria do desfecho cognitivo no grupo de crian&#231;as que receberam interven&#231;&#227;o nos primeiros&#160;tr&#234;s anos de vida comparado ao controle&#44; embora a interven&#231;&#227;o n&#227;o tenha tido foco somente na fam&#237;lia&#46; Considerando a faixa et&#225;ria&#44; observou&#8208;se efeito positivo da interven&#231;&#227;o no dom&#237;nio cognitivo aos&#160;12&#44;&#160;24&#160;e&#160;36&#160;meses&#44; mas n&#227;o aos&#160;seis e&#160;18&#160;meses&#46; Vanderveen et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0320"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a> tamb&#233;m encontraram efeitos positivos da interven&#231;&#227;o no desenvolvimento cognitivo de prematuros nas idades 12&#44; 24 e 36 meses&#44; mas n&#227;o aos&#160;seis&#160;meses&#46;</p><p id="par0200" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O efeito da interven&#231;&#227;o precoce com foco na fam&#237;lia na cogni&#231;&#227;o de crian&#231;as nascidas prematuramente&#44; evidente em diferentes idades&#44; possivelmente est&#225; associado aos tipos de programas de interven&#231;&#227;o analisados que&#44; em sua maioria&#44; se apoiaram em princ&#237;pios da teoria s&#237;ncrono&#8208;ativa&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20&#44;32&#8211;37</span></a> De acordo com essa teoria&#44; para manter a organiza&#231;&#227;o do comportamento e responder adaptativamente ao ambiente&#44; o beb&#234; depende da intera&#231;&#227;o entre cinco subsistemas b&#225;sicos &#40;aut&#244;nomo&#44; motor&#44; organiza&#231;&#227;o dos estados&#44; aten&#231;&#227;o e intera&#231;&#227;o&#44; e autorregula&#231;&#227;o&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0410"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">40</span></a></p><p id="par0205" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O comportamento neonatal &#233; expresso por meio de sinais associados a cada subsistema&#44; que podem ser reconhecidos pelos pais&#44; que assim identificam as necessidades individuais do beb&#234;&#44; respeitam o ritmo do desenvolvimento e o momento adequado para estimula&#231;&#227;o&#44; manipula&#231;&#227;o e intera&#231;&#227;o&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0410"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">40</span></a> Baseados nessa teoria&#44; a maioria dos programas analisados visava a melhorar a reciprocidade nas rela&#231;&#245;es pais&#47;beb&#234;&#44; promover a autorregula&#231;&#227;o do beb&#234; e melhor compreens&#227;o parental das necessidades da crian&#231;a&#46; Melhor compreens&#227;o dos sinais de comunica&#231;&#227;o do beb&#234; favorece a oferta de experi&#234;ncias f&#237;sicas e emocionais positivas para a crian&#231;a&#44; que conduzem a melhores respostas do neurodesenvolvimento&#44; inclusive o desfecho cognitivo na amostra de prematuros&#46;</p><p id="par0210" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">De maneira similar&#44; no resultado geral&#44; a interven&#231;&#227;o precoce com foco na fam&#237;lia comparada aos cuidados habituais melhorou o desenvolvimento motor de crian&#231;as nascidas prematuras&#46; No entanto&#44; ao analisar as diferentes idades&#44; foi observado efeito apenas aos&#160;12&#160;meses&#46; Resultados similares foram observados na metan&#225;lise de Spittle et al&#46;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0300"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a> embora n&#227;o tenham abordado especificamente interven&#231;&#245;es com foco na fam&#237;lia&#44; e de Vanderveen et al&#46;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0320"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a> que encontrou efeito positivo no desfecho motor somente aos&#160;12&#160;meses&#46;</p><p id="par0215" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">As interven&#231;&#245;es analisadas no presente estudo&#44; que promoveram maiores benef&#237;cios no desenvolvimento motor foram aquelas baseadas&#44; principalmente&#44; na teoria s&#237;ncrono&#8208;ativa&#46; Embora a maioria dos programas analisados n&#227;o tenha enfoque motor espec&#237;fico&#44; os elementos da interven&#231;&#227;o precoce baseada na teoria s&#237;ncrono&#8208;ativa ajudam a explicar o efeito geral positivo da interven&#231;&#227;o precoce no desfecho motor na amostra de prematuros&#46;</p><p id="par0220" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Quando o risco social foi adicionado ao biol&#243;gico&#44; n&#227;o foi observado efeito positivo da interven&#231;&#227;o no desenvolvimento motor e na cogni&#231;&#227;o&#44; mesmo quando as crian&#231;as com alto e baixo risco social foram comparadas&#46; Deve&#8208;se observar que a metan&#225;lise foi feita agrupando dados de apenas dois estudos com qualidade metodol&#243;gica moderada&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5&#44;31</span></a> portanto o resultado deve ser interpretado com cautela&#46; H&#225; evid&#234;ncias de que programas mais intensivos e de longa dura&#231;&#227;o&#44; como o <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Early Head Start</span>&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0415"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">41</span></a> conduzido nos Estados Unidos com mais de&#160;3&#46;000&#160;crian&#231;as de fam&#237;lias de baixa renda nos primeiros tr&#234;s anos de vida&#44; t&#234;m impacto positivo no desenvolvimento cognitivo&#46; &#201; poss&#237;vel que o n&#250;mero de sess&#245;es<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0365"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a> e a intensidade<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> das interven&#231;&#245;es n&#227;o tenham sido suficientes para afetar o desenvolvimento motor e cognitivo das crian&#231;as com risco social e biol&#243;gico associados&#46;</p><p id="par0225" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Quanto ao desfecho linguagem&#44; foi observado que a interven&#231;&#227;o precoce comparada aos cuidados habituais n&#227;o foi efetiva para melhorar a linguagem de crian&#231;as nascidas prematuramente e&#47;ou em risco social&#46; No entanto&#44; somente em quatro estudos mais recentes a linguagem foi avaliada com uso da Bayley&#160;III<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0315"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21&#44;31&#44;36</span></a> e da <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">MacArthur&#8208;Bates Short Form of the Communicative Development Inventory</span> &#40;CDI&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0405"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">39</span></a></p><p id="par0230" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Nos outros oito estudos&#44; foi aplicada a Bayley&#160;II&#44; que &#233; composta pelas escalas mental e psicomotora&#44; n&#227;o h&#225; pontua&#231;&#227;o isolada para linguagem&#46; Com a disponibilidade de escalas espec&#237;ficas para avalia&#231;&#227;o da linguagem&#44; &#233; importante a inclus&#227;o desse dom&#237;nio nos ensaios cl&#237;nicos para que seja poss&#237;vel analisar o impacto das interven&#231;&#245;es sobre a linguagem das crian&#231;as e contribuir para a formula&#231;&#227;o de programas mais eficientes&#46;</p><p id="par0235" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">As interven&#231;&#245;es inclu&#237;das nesta metan&#225;lise foram heterog&#234;neas quanto a dura&#231;&#227;o&#44; n&#250;mero de sess&#245;es e m&#233;todos usados&#46; No entanto&#44; em sua maioria&#44; houve a inclus&#227;o da educa&#231;&#227;o dos pais sobre como lidar e estimular seus filhos nas diversas &#225;reas&#44; baseada principalmente na teoria s&#237;ncrono&#8208;ativa&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20&#44;32&#8211;37</span></a> feitas individualmente&#44; principalmente nos primeiros&#160;12&#160;meses de vida e em pequeno n&#250;mero de sess&#245;es&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20&#44;21&#44;31&#8211;37</span></a></p><p id="par0240" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Wallander et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0420"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">42</span></a> verificaram que crian&#231;as oriundas de pa&#237;ses de baixa e m&#233;dia renda expostas a fatores de risco social e biol&#243;gico que receberam maiores doses de interven&#231;&#227;o precoce envolvendo os pais nos primeiros&#160;tr&#234;s anos de vida apresentaram melhores desfechos na cogni&#231;&#227;o e no desenvolvimento motor&#46; No estudo de Wallander et al&#46;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0420"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">42</span></a> a interven&#231;&#227;o foi baseada no curr&#237;culo <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Partners for Learning</span> e consistiu em visitas domiciliares feitas quinzenalmente at&#233; os&#160;tr&#234;s anos da crian&#231;a &#40;72&#160;sess&#245;es&#41;&#46; Foi observado maior benef&#237;cio da interven&#231;&#227;o para as crian&#231;as que receberam pelo menos 91&#37; das visitas domiciliares quinzenais programadas&#46; Sabe&#8208;se da dificuldade da implanta&#231;&#227;o de programas de longa dura&#231;&#227;o&#44; principalmente nos pa&#237;ses de baixa e m&#233;dia renda&#46; No entanto&#44; esfor&#231;os no sentido de promover programas de interven&#231;&#227;o com foco na fam&#237;lia mais intensos e&#44; ao mesmo tempo&#44; compat&#237;veis com a realidade desses pa&#237;ses podem resultar em maiores benef&#237;cios para o desenvolvimento infantil em popula&#231;&#245;es expostas a m&#250;ltiplos fatores de risco&#46;</p><p id="par0245" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Devido &#224; heterogeneidade das amostras e aus&#234;ncia de alguns dados&#44; n&#227;o foi poss&#237;vel fazer metan&#225;lise espec&#237;fica dos estudos com crian&#231;as expostas apenas ao risco social&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; os poucos estudos encontrados s&#227;o de qualidade metodol&#243;gica moderada&#46; A aus&#234;ncia de estudos de interven&#231;&#227;o precoce com foco na fam&#237;lia&#44; com alto rigor metodol&#243;gico&#44; tamb&#233;m sinaliza as dificuldades inerentes &#224; condu&#231;&#227;o desse tipo de pesquisa em de baixa e m&#233;dia renda&#46;</p><p id="par0250" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Esta revis&#227;o apresenta algumas limita&#231;&#245;es&#46; Foram combinadas sete abordagens de interven&#231;&#227;o precoce com foco na fam&#237;lia&#58; IBAIP&#44; NIDCAP&#44; Vibes Plus&#44; interven&#231;&#227;o baseada no curr&#237;culo <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Partners for Learning&#44; Mother Transaction Program &#8211;</span> vers&#227;o modificada e dois estudos com interven&#231;&#245;es com orienta&#231;&#245;es educativas aos pais&#46; Apesar de essas interven&#231;&#245;es apresentarem algumas caracter&#237;sticas em comum&#44; cada uma delas abordou componentes espec&#237;ficos do envolvimento parental&#46;</p><p id="par0255" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A combina&#231;&#227;o de dados de programas relativamente heterog&#234;neos para fornecer estimativas do efeito global da interven&#231;&#227;o pode n&#227;o ter revelado o potencial de cada uma das abordagens&#46; No entanto&#44; a escassez de estudos de qualidade metodol&#243;gica aceit&#225;vel justifica essa op&#231;&#227;o de an&#225;lise&#44; at&#233; que surjam novos estudos que abordem interven&#231;&#245;es padronizadas com caracter&#237;sticas claramente definidas&#46;</p><p id="par0260" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Outra limita&#231;&#227;o&#44; &#233; que todos os ensaios cl&#237;nicos inclu&#237;dos tiveram qualidade metodol&#243;gica moderada e risco de vi&#233;s&#44; principalmente nos quesitos aloca&#231;&#227;o secreta e cegamento dos participantes e do profissional&#44; o que&#44; muitas vezes&#44; &#233; dif&#237;cil ou imposs&#237;vel de se fazer nesse tipo de interven&#231;&#227;o&#46; Da mesma forma&#44; em alguns dos ensaios cl&#237;nicos&#44; algumas crian&#231;as dos grupos controle receberam encaminhamento para servi&#231;o de interven&#231;&#227;o precoce ou fisioterapia&#44; uma recomenda&#231;&#227;o &#233;tica&#44; mas que insere vi&#233;s tamb&#233;m imposs&#237;vel de ser controlado&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0080" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0140">Conclus&#227;o</span><p id="par0265" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os resultados demonstram que programas breves de interven&#231;&#227;o precoce com foco na fam&#237;lia t&#234;m efeito positivo sobre a cogni&#231;&#227;o de beb&#234;s prematuros&#44; especialmente nos programas baseados na teoria s&#237;ncrono&#8208;ativa&#46; Os efeitos sobre o dom&#237;nio motor n&#227;o foram t&#227;o consistentes&#44; possivelmente devido ao referencial te&#243;rico adotado nas interven&#231;&#245;es analisadas&#46; Estudos oriundos de pa&#237;ses de baixa e m&#233;dia renda foram pouco representados&#44; tornaram os resultados pouco conclusivos no que se refere aos efeitos dos programas no desenvolvimento de crian&#231;as em risco social&#46; O mesmo pode ser dito sobre os efeitos das interven&#231;&#245;es sobre o dom&#237;nio linguagem&#46;</p><p id="par0270" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Considerando a necessidade de evid&#234;ncias para nortear pol&#237;ticas p&#250;blicas e a pr&#225;tica cl&#237;nica&#44; a metan&#225;lise demonstrou efeitos positivos de programas de interven&#231;&#227;o precoce com foco na fam&#237;lia sobre o desenvolvimento infantil&#44; especialmente sobre as habilidades cognitivas de crian&#231;as nascidas prematuras&#44; e identificou lacunas na literatura que precisam ser preenchidas&#44; para melhor compreens&#227;o da efetividade desse tipo de interven&#231;&#227;o&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0085" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0145">Financiamento</span><p id="par0275" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Coordena&#231;&#227;o de Aperfei&#231;oamento de Pessoal de N&#237;vel Superior &#40;Capes&#41;&#44; C&#243;digo de Financiamento&#160;001&#44; do Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa &#40;CNPq&#41;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Grand Challenges</span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Canada</span> e Funda&#231;&#227;o Maria Cec&#237;lia Souto Vidigal&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0090" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0150">Conflitos de interesse</span><p id="par0280" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os autores declaram n&#227;o haver conflitos de interesse&#46;</p></span></span>"
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            0 => "Early intervention &#40;education&#41;"
            1 => "Parents"
            2 => "Child development"
            3 => "Infant"
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        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Objective</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To verify whether early intervention focused on the family improves the cognitive&#44; motor&#44; and language development of children born preterm and&#47;or at social risk in the first 3 years of life&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Source of data</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Meta&#8208;analysis of clinical trials published between 2008 and 2018&#44; in the following databases&#58; CINAHL&#44; MEDLINE &#8211; PubMed&#44; MEDLINE &#8211; BVS&#44; LILACS &#8211; BVS&#44; IBECS &#8211; BVS&#44; PEDro and Cochrane Reviews&#46; Experimental studies on early interventions focused on the family&#44; whose target groups were children born preterm and&#47;or at social risk&#44; with assessment of cognitive and&#47;or motor and&#47;or language development up to 3 years were included&#46; The studies were rated using the PEDro Scale&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Data synthesis</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Twelve studies were included from a total of 3378 articles&#46; Early intervention focused on the family contributed to the development of the cognitive &#40;Standardized Mean Difference &#8211; SMD<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;48&#44; 95&#37; CI&#58; 0&#46;34&#8211;0&#46;61&#41; and motor &#40;SMD<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;76&#44; 95&#37; CI&#58; 0&#46;55&#8211;0&#46;96&#41; domains of preterm infants&#46; Regarding cognitive development&#44; performance improvement was observed at 12&#44; 24 and 36 months&#44; while in the motor domain&#44; the effect was observed only at 12 months in preterm infants&#46; There was no benefit of the intervention in the cognitive&#44; motor&#44; and language outcomes of children with the social risk factor associated to biological risk&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Conclusion</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Early intervention focused on the family has a positive effect on the cognition of preterm infants&#46; The effect on motor development was lower&#44; possibly due to the emphasis on interventions in family&#8211;child interaction&#46; The effect of interventions on the development of children at social risk and on the language domain was inconclusive&#44; due to the scarcity of studies in the area&#46;</p></span>"
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        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Objetivo</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Verificar se a interven&#231;&#227;o precoce com foco na fam&#237;lia melhora o desenvolvimento cognitivo&#44; motor e a linguagem de crian&#231;as nascidas prematuras e&#47;ou em risco social nos primeiros tr&#234;s anos de vida&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Fontes de dados</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Metan&#225;lise de ensaios cl&#237;nicos publicados entre 2008 a 2018&#44; nas bases de dados CINAHL&#44; Medline &#8211; Pubmed&#44; Medline &#8211; BVS&#44; Lilacs &#8211; BVS&#44; IBECS &#8211; BVS&#44; PEDro e Cochrane&#47;Reviews&#46; Foram inclu&#237;dos estudos experimentais de interven&#231;&#227;o precoce com foco na fam&#237;lia cujo p&#250;blico&#8208;alvo eram prematuros e&#47;ou crian&#231;as em risco social com avalia&#231;&#227;o do desenvolvimento cognitivo e&#47;ou motor e&#47;ou linguagem at&#233; os tr&#234;s anos&#46; Os artigos foram pontuados pela Escala PEDro&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">S&#237;ntese dos dados</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Do total de 3378 artigos&#44; 12 estudos foram inclu&#237;dos&#46; A interven&#231;&#227;o precoce com foco na fam&#237;lia contribuiu para o desenvolvimento dos dom&#237;nios cogni&#231;&#227;o &#40;DMP &#61; 0&#44;48&#59; 95&#37;IC&#58; 0&#44;34&#8208;0&#44;61&#41; e motor &#40;DMP &#61; 0&#44;76&#59; 95&#37; IC&#58; 0&#44;55&#8208;0&#44;96&#41; de prematuros&#46; Na cogni&#231;&#227;o&#44; a melhora do desempenho foi observada aos 12&#44; 24 e 36 meses&#44; enquanto no dom&#237;nio motor&#44; o efeito foi observado apenas aos 12 meses nos prematuros&#46; N&#227;o houve benef&#237;cio da interven&#231;&#227;o nos desfechos cognitivo&#44; motor e linguagem de crian&#231;as com fator de risco social associado ao biol&#243;gico&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Conclus&#227;o</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Interven&#231;&#227;o com foco na fam&#237;lia tem efeito positivo sobre a cogni&#231;&#227;o de crian&#231;as prematuras&#46; O efeito no desenvolvimento motor foi menor&#44; possivelmente devido &#224; &#234;nfase das interven&#231;&#245;es na intera&#231;&#227;o fam&#237;lia&#8208;crian&#231;a&#46; O efeito das interven&#231;&#245;es sobre o desenvolvimento de crian&#231;as em risco social e no dom&#237;nio da linguagem foram inconclusivos&#44; devido &#224; escassez de estudos na &#225;rea&#46;</p></span>"
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        "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Como citar este artigo&#58; Ferreira RC&#44; Alves CR&#44; Guimar&#227;es MA&#44; Menezes KK&#44; Magalh&#227;es LC&#46; Effects of early interventions focused on the family in the development of children born preterm and&#47;or at social risk&#58; a meta&#8208;analysis&#46; J Pediatr &#40;Rio J&#41;&#46; 2020&#59;96&#58;20&#8211;38&#46;</p>"
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          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0070" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Bayley II&#44; Escalas Bayley de Desenvolvimento Infantil&#44; 2&#170;&#160;Edi&#231;&#227;o&#59; Bayley III&#44; Escalas Bayley de Desenvolvimento Infantil&#44; 3&#170;&#160;Edi&#231;&#227;o&#59; IBAIP&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Infant Behavioral Assessment and Intervention Program</span>&#59; NIDCAP&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Newborn Individualized Developmental Care and Assessment Program</span>&#59; VIBeS Plus&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Victorian Infant Brain Studies&#46;</span></p>"
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                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col">Autor&#47; ano&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col">Descri&#231;&#227;o da Interven&#231;&#227;o&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="2" align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Componente interven&#231;&#227;o</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="2" align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Modo interven&#231;&#227;o</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="2" align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Local interven&#231;&#227;o</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col">N&#176; sess&#245;es e idade da feitura da interven&#231;&#227;o&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col">Controle&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Educa&#231;&#227;o aos pais&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Suporte aos pais&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Individual&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Grupo&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Hospital ambulat&#243;rio&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Domiciliar&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Spittle et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0365"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a> &#40;2018&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">VIBeS Plus &#8211; dois componentes&#58; &#40;1&#41; estrat&#233;gias para promover ambiente enriquecido&#44; brincadeiras positivas&#44; marcos gerais de desenvolvimento&#44; alimenta&#231;&#227;o&#44; sono e bem&#8208;estar dos pais&#44; &#40;2&#41; conte&#250;do espec&#237;fico que foi direcionado ao beb&#234; e &#224; fam&#237;lia com base em metas e&#47;ou preocupa&#231;&#245;es identificadas pelos pais&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">N&#176; de sess&#245;es&#58; 9 sess&#245;es ap&#243;s alta&#46; Idade&#58; primeiros 12 meses&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Grupo de controle e interven&#231;&#227;o receberam cuidados padronizados&#58; inclu&#237;a o acesso &#224; enfermeira de sa&#250;de infantil e ao servi&#231;o de interven&#231;&#227;o precoce&#44; caso fosse considerado apropriado pela equipe de sa&#250;de da crian&#231;a&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Van Hus et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0370"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">32</span></a> &#40;2016&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">IBAIP &#8211; oferecer suporte a compet&#234;ncia regulat&#243;ria da crian&#231;a e m&#250;ltiplas fun&#231;&#245;es do desenvolvimento por meio da intera&#231;&#227;o crian&#231;a&#8208;pais&#46; Baseado no modelo S&#237;ncrono&#8208;Ativa de organiza&#231;&#227;o comportamental do neonato&#44; guiada pela <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Infant Behavioral Assessment</span>&#44; roteiro de observa&#231;&#227;o sistem&#225;tica para registro e interpreta&#231;&#227;o dos comportamentos de comunica&#231;&#227;o do beb&#234;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">N&#176; de sess&#245;es&#58; 7 a 9 sess&#245;es &#40;1 antes da alta hospitalar e 6 a 8 sess&#245;es de visitas domiciliares&#41;&#46; Idade&#58; primeiros 6 meses&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Cuidados habituais&#58; incluindo encaminhamento para fisioterapia pedi&#225;trica regular se fosse julgado necess&#225;rio pelo pediatra&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Chang et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0405"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">39</span></a> &#40;2015&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Development Media International</span>&#44; Londres&#44; Reino Unido &#8211; demonstra&#231;&#227;o com uso de filmes dos comportamentos que a interven&#231;&#227;o gostaria de estimular&#44; seguida de discuss&#227;o e demonstra&#231;&#227;o das atividades visualizadas&#46; As m&#227;es praticavam as atividades com as suas crian&#231;as e eram encorajadas a faz&#234;&#8208;las em casa&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">N&#176; de sess&#245;es&#58; 5 sess&#245;es ambulatoriais feitas ap&#243;s alta&#46; Idade&#58; 3&#44; 6&#44; 9&#44;12 e 18 meses de idade&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Cuidados habituais&#58; n&#227;o especificados pelo estudo&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Wu et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0390"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">36</span></a> &#40;2014&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Consistia em dois grupos de interven&#231;&#227;o que no mesmo programa&#44; diferenciados apenas quanto &#224; localiza&#231;&#227;o&#58; um era feito no hospital e o outro no domic&#237;lio&#46; Interven&#231;&#227;o com enfoque na d&#237;ade crian&#231;a&#8208;pais e consultas cl&#237;nicas&#46; Antes da alta hospitalar&#44; a interven&#231;&#227;o foi guiada por princ&#237;pios da Teoria S&#237;ncrono&#8208;Ativa e Cuidado Centrado na Fam&#237;lia&#46; Ap&#243;s a alta&#44; Teoria dos Sistemas Biossociais&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">N&#176; de sess&#245;es&#58; 13 sess&#245;es &#40;5 sess&#245;es antes da alta e 8 sess&#245;es ap&#243;s a alta&#41;&#46; Idade&#58; 36&#44; 38 e 40 semanas antes da alta e na 1&#170; semana ap&#243;s alta&#44; 1&#44; 2&#44; 4&#44; 6&#44; 9 e 12 meses de idade ap&#243;s a alta&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Cuidados habituais de desenvolvimento que consistiam em interven&#231;&#245;es intra&#8208;hospitalares com foco na crian&#231;a e visita cl&#237;nica neonatal&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Wallanderet al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> &#40;2014&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Partners for Learning &#8211;</span> abrange as &#225;reas cogni&#231;&#227;o&#44; motor fino e grosso&#44; social&#44; autoajuda e linguagem&#46; Os pais foram treinados a realizar atividades adequadas ao desenvolvimento da crian&#231;a e as praticavam na presen&#231;a do profissional&#44; que dava o retorno&#46; Os pais receberam cart&#245;es que descreviam as atividades e foram encorajados a aplicar as atividades no cotidiano com a crian&#231;a&#44; at&#233; a pr&#243;xima visita domiciliar&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">N&#176; de sess&#245;es&#58; 72 sess&#245;es&#46; Idade&#58; primeiros 3 anos&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Visitas domiciliares&#58; curr&#237;culo da OMS &#40;2014&#41; que abordou&#44; por exemplo&#44; amamenta&#231;&#227;o&#44; nutri&#231;&#227;o&#44; higiene e vacina&#231;&#227;o&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Bann et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0400"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">38</span></a> &#40;2016&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Partners for Learning</span> &#8211;mesmas caracter&#237;sticas mencionadas no estudo de Wallander et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> &#40;2014&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">N&#176; de sess&#245;es&#58; 72 sess&#245;es&#46; Idade&#58; primeiros 3 anos&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Mesmas caracter&#237;sticas do estudo de Wallander et al&#46; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> &#40;2014&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Spittle et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0315"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21</span></a> &#40;2010&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">VIBeS Plus &#8211; mesmas caracter&#237;sticas mencionadas no estudo Spittle et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0365"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a> &#40;2018&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">N&#176; de sess&#245;es&#58; 9 Sess&#245;es ap&#243;s alta hospitalar&#46; Idade&#58; primeiros 12 meses&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Mesmas caracter&#237;sticas do estudo Spittle et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0365"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a> &#40;2018&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Koldewijn et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0375"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">33</span></a> &#40;2010&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">IBAIP &#8211; As mesmas caracter&#237;sticas mencionadas no estudo Van Hus et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0370"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">32</span></a> &#40;2016&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">N&#176; de sess&#245;es&#58; 7 a 9 sess&#245;es &#40;um antes da alta e 6 a 8 sess&#245;es domiciliares&#41;&#46; Idade&#58; primeiros 6 meses&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Mesmas caracter&#237;sticas do estudo Van Hus et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0370"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">32</span></a> &#40;2016&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Nordhov et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0380"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">34</span></a> &#40;2010&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Mother&#8208;Infant Transaction Program</span> &#8211; vers&#227;o modificada&#58; abordou aspectos como os reflexos da crian&#231;a&#44; a auto&#94;rregula&#231;&#227;o&#44; sinais de ang&#250;stia e estados predominantes da crian&#231;a e ajuste ao ambiente dom&#233;stico&#44; intera&#231;&#245;es entre os pais e a crian&#231;a&#44; como orientar e estimular a crian&#231;a&#44; e discuss&#227;o e avalia&#231;&#227;o do programa de interven&#231;&#227;o&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">N&#176; de sess&#245;es&#58; 11 sess&#245;es &#40;7 sess&#245;es antes da alta e 4 visitas domiciliares&#41;&#46; Idade&#58; 3&#44; 15&#44; 30 e 90 dias ap&#243;s alta&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Cuidado habitual para alta&#58; exame cl&#237;nico&#44; treinamento massagem infantil feita por fisioterapeuta Ambos os grupos tinham acesso ao <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">follow&#8208;up</span> ap&#243;s alta&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Koldewijn et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20</span></a> &#40;2009&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">IBAIP &#8211; as mesmas caracter&#237;sticas mencionadas do estudo Van Hus et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0370"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">32</span></a> &#40;2016&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">N&#176; de sess&#245;es&#58; 7 a 9 sess&#245;es &#40;um antes da alta e 6 a 8 sess&#245;es domiciliares&#41;&#46; Idade&#58; primeiros 6 meses&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">As mesmas caracter&#237;sticas do estudo Van Hus et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0370"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">32</span></a> &#40;2016&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Peters et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0395"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">37</span></a> &#40;2009&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">NIDCAP &#8211; Caracterizada pela observa&#231;&#227;o do comportamento do beb&#234;&#46; Encoraja o envolvimento dos pais guiado pelo beb&#234; e requer que os pais respondam aos comportamentos individuais do beb&#234;&#44; sejam mais flex&#237;veis nos cuidados e modifiquem o ambiente de acordo com os comportamentos observados&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">N&#176; de sess&#245;es&#58; 7 sess&#245;es &#40;feitas na UTI&#41;&#46; Idade&#58; n&#227;o informada&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Cuidado habitual que incluiu posicionamento&#44; m&#233;todo canguru&#44; mas sem a interven&#231;&#227;o e observa&#231;&#227;o comportamental&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Kaaresen et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0385"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">35</span></a> &#40;2008&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Mother&#8208;Infant Transaction Program</span> &#8211; vers&#227;o modificada&#44; mesmas caracter&#237;sticas mencionadas no estudo de Nordhov et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0380"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">34</span></a> &#40;2010&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#95;&#95;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">N&#176; de sess&#245;es&#58; 11 sess&#245;es &#40;7 sess&#245;es antes da alta e 4 visitas domiciliares&#41;&#46; Idade&#58; 3&#44; 15&#44; 30 e 90 dias ap&#243;s alta&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">As mesmas caracter&#237;sticas do estudo de Nordhov et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0380"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">34</span></a> &#40;2010&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
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          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0085" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Bayley II&#44; Escala Bayley Desenvolvimento Infantil 2&#170;&#160;Edi&#231;&#227;o&#59; Bayley III&#44; Escala Bayley Desenvolvimento Infantil 3&#170;&#160;Edi&#231;&#227;o&#59; IBAIP&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Infant Behavioral Assessment and Intervention Program</span>&#59; IG&#44; idade gestacional&#59; NIDCAP&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Newborn Individualized Developmental Care and Assessment Program</span>&#59; PMT&#44; prematuro&#59; PN&#44; peso ao nascimento&#59; VIBeS Plus&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Victorian Infant Brain Studies&#46;</span></p>"
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                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col">Autor&#47; ano&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col">Participantes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col">Pa&#237;s de origem da amostra&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col">Interven&#231;&#227;o&#47; Instrumento de avalia&#231;&#227;o&#47; idade da avalia&#231;&#227;o&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="3" align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Efeito positivo da interven&#231;&#227;o no desenvolvimento</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col">Informa&#231;&#245;es adicionais sobre o efeito&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Cogni&#231;&#227;o&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Motor&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Linguagem&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Spittle et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0365"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a> &#40;2018&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">PMT IG &#60; 30s classificados em alto e baixo risco social&#46; n &#61; 120 &#40;grupo interven&#231;&#227;o n &#61; 61&#44; grupo controle n &#61; 59&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Austr&#225;lia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">VIBeS Plus&#47; Bayley III&#46; Idade&#58; 24 meses&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Nenhum efeito&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Nenhum efeito&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Maior m&#233;dia de escore cognitivo no grupo interven&#231;&#227;o &#40;101&#44;8&#59; DP &#61; 11&#44;0&#41; das crian&#231;as em risco social quando comparado ao controle &#40;92&#44;2&#59; DP &#61; 12&#44;5&#41; p &#61; 0&#44;006 aos 24 meses&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Van Hus et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0370"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">32</span></a> &#40;2016&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">PMT IG &#60; 32s e&#47;ou PN &#60; 1500G&#59; n &#61; 176 &#40;grupo interven&#231;&#227;o n &#61; 86&#44; grupo controle n &#61; 90&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Holanda&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">IBAIP&#47; Bayley II&#59; Idade&#58; 6&#44; 12 e 24 meses&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">N&#227;o avaliado&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Efeito da interven&#231;&#227;o positivo longitudinal no desenvolvimento motor &#40;DP &#61; 0&#44;4&#59; p &#61; 0&#44;006&#41;&#44; mas n&#227;o na cogni&#231;&#227;o &#40;p &#61; 0&#44;063&#41;&#46; Crian&#231;as com displasia broncopulmonar apresentaram efeito significativo longitudinal nos desfechos cognitivos &#40;DP &#61; 0&#44;7 p &#61; 0&#44;019&#41; e motor &#40;DP &#61; 0&#44;9&#59; p &#61; 0&#44;026&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Chang et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0405"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">39</span></a> &#40;2015&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Crian&#231;as em risco social &#40;a termo&#41;&#58; n &#61; 501 &#40;grupo interven&#231;&#227;o n &#61; 251&#44; grupo controle n &#61; 250&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Jamaica&#44; Ant&#237;gua e Santa L&#250;cia &#40;Caribe&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Development Media International&#44; Londres&#44; Inglaterra &#47; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Griffith Mental Development Scales</span> e <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">MacArthur&#8208;Bates Short Form of the Communicative Development Inventory</span> &#40;CDI&#41;&#46; Idade&#58; 19&#44;7 meses&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Nenhum efeito&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Nenhum efeito&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Efeito significativo na cogni&#231;&#227;o &#40;3&#44;09 pontos&#59; 95&#37;&#160;IC&#58;&#160;1&#44;31&#8208;4&#44;87&#59; tamanho de efeito &#61; 0&#44;3&#41;&#44; mas n&#227;o na linguagem&#44; nem no desenvolvimento motor&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Wu et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0390"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">36</span></a> &#40;2014&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">PMT IG &#60; 37s e PN &#60; 1&#46;500 g&#58; n &#61;178 &#40;grupo interven&#231;&#227;o ambulatorial n &#61; 57&#59; grupo interven&#231;&#227;o domiciliar n &#61; 63&#59; grupo controle n &#61; 58&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Taiwan&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Teoria S&#237;ncrono&#8208;Ativa e Cuidado Centrado na Fam&#237;lia&#47; Bayley III&#46;Idade da avalia&#231;&#227;o&#58; 24 meses&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Nenhum efeito&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Grupo de interven&#231;&#227;o ambulatorial apresentou escore mais alto na cogni&#231;&#227;o comparado ao grupo controle &#40;diferen&#231;a &#61; 4&#44;4&#59; 95&#37;&#160;IC&#58;&#160;0&#44;8&#8211;7&#44;9&#41; e menor taxa de atraso no desenvolvimento motor &#40;OR &#61; 0&#44;29&#59; 95&#37;&#160;IC&#58;&#160;0&#46;08&#8211;0&#46;99&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Wallander et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> &#40;2014&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Crian&#231;as em desvantagem socioecon&#244;mica &#40;prematuros e a termo&#41; n &#61; 407 &#40;grupo interven&#231;&#227;o n &#61; 204&#44; grupo controle n &#61; 203&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#193;reas rurais da &#205;ndia&#44; Paquist&#227;o e Z&#226;mbia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Partners for Learning&#47;</span> Bayley II&#59; Idade da avalia&#231;&#227;o&#58; 12&#44; 24 e 36 meses&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">N&#227;o avaliado&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Considerando a intera&#231;&#227;o entre idade e interven&#231;&#227;o&#44; as crian&#231;as do grupo interven&#231;&#227;o apresentaram melhor trajet&#243;ria no desenvolvimento da cogni&#231;&#227;o nas tr&#234;s avalia&#231;&#245;es &#40;12&#44; 24 e 36 meses&#41;&#46; Aos 36 meses as crian&#231;as do grupo interven&#231;&#227;o apresentaram escore motor significativamente maior comparado ao grupo controle&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Bann et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0400"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">38</span></a> &#40;2016&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Crian&#231;as em desvantagem s&#243;cio&#8208;econ&#244;mica &#40;prematuros e a termo&#41; n &#61; 293 &#40;grupo interven&#231;&#227;o n &#61; 146&#44; grupo controle n &#61; 147&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#193;reas rurais da &#205;ndia&#44; Paquist&#227;o e Z&#226;mbia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Partners for Learning&#47;</span> Bayley II&#59; Idade da avalia&#231;&#227;o&#58; 12&#44; 24 e 36 meses&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">N&#227;o avaliado&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">N&#227;o avaliado&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Nas crian&#231;as com desvantagem econ&#244;mica&#44; o grupo interven&#231;&#227;o apresentou maior escore mental do que o grupo controle aos 36 meses &#40;p &#61; 0&#44;001&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Spittle et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0315"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21</span></a> &#40;2010&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">PMT IG &#60; 30s&#58; n &#61; 120 &#40;grupo interven&#231;&#227;o n &#61; 61&#44; grupo controle n &#61; 59&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Austr&#225;lia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">VIBeS Plus&#47; Bayley III&#59; Idade da avalia&#231;&#227;o&#58; 24 meses&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Nenhum efeito&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Nenhum efeito&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Nenhum efeito&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">N&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a estatisticamente significativa no escore da cogni&#231;&#227;o&#44; linguagem e motor &#40;p &#61; 0&#44;20&#59; p &#61; 0&#44;67&#59; p &#61; 0&#44;66&#44; respectivamente&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Koldewijn et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0375"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">33</span></a> &#40;2010&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">PMT IG &#60; 32s e&#47;ou PN &#60; 1500g&#58; n &#61; 176 &#40;grupo interven&#231;&#227;o n &#61; 86&#44; grupo controle n &#61; 90&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Holanda&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">IBAIP&#47; Bayley II&#59;Idade da avalia&#231;&#227;o&#58; 24 meses&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">N&#227;o avaliado&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Depois do ajuste para vari&#225;veis perinatais&#44; houve efeito de 6&#44;4 &#40;erro padr&#227;o &#61; 2&#44;4&#41; no &#237;ndice de desenvolvimento motor favor&#225;vel &#224;s crian&#231;as da interven&#231;&#227;o&#46; Ap&#243;s an&#225;lise <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">post hoc</span>&#44; houve melhor desenvolvimento mental ap&#243;s a interven&#231;&#227;o nos subgrupos de crian&#231;as com displasia broncopulmonar associada a fatores de risco social e biol&#243;gico&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Nordhov et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0380"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">34</span></a> &#40;2010&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">PMT PN &#60; 2000g n &#61; 146 &#40;grupo interven&#231;&#227;o n &#61; 72&#44; grupo controle n &#61; 74&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Noruega&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Mother&#8208;Infant Transaction Program</span> &#8211; vers&#227;o modificada&#47; Bayley II&#46; Idade da avalia&#231;&#227;o&#58; 3&#160;anos&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Nenhum efeito&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Nenhum efeito&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">N&#227;o avaliado&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Aos tr&#234;s anos&#44; na an&#225;lise ap&#243;s ajuste para educa&#231;&#227;o materna&#44; n&#227;o foi encontrada diferen&#231;a significativa entre os grupos interven&#231;&#227;o e controle no escore do &#237;ndice do desenvolvimento mental de 4&#44;5 pontos &#40;95&#37; IC&#58;&#160;&#8211;0&#44;3&#8208;9&#44;3&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Koldewijn et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20</span></a> &#40;2009&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">PMT IG &#60; 32s e&#47;ou PN &#60; 1500g&#59; n &#61; 176 &#40;grupo interven&#231;&#227;o n &#61; 86&#44; grupo controle n &#61; 90&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Holanda&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">IBAIP&#47; Bayley II&#46; Idade da avalia&#231;&#227;o&#58; 6&#160;meses&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">N&#227;o avaliado&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Ap&#243;s an&#225;lise com modelo de regress&#227;o multivariada&#44; a m&#233;dia do escore MDI foi 106 &#40;DP &#61; 2&#44;12&#41; para o grupo interven&#231;&#227;o e de 99 &#40;DP &#61; 2&#44;18&#41; para o grupo controle &#40;p &#61; 0&#44;02&#41;&#46; No escore motor&#44; a m&#233;dia do escore PDI foi 98 &#40;DP &#61; 1&#44;63&#41; no grupo interven&#231;&#227;o e 92 &#40;DP &#61; 1&#44;66&#41; no grupo controle &#40;p &#61; 0&#44;008&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Peters et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0395"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">37</span></a> &#40;2009&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">PMT IG &#8804; 32s&#44; PN entre 500 e 1250g&#58; n &#61; 120 &#40;grupo interven&#231;&#227;o &#61; 60&#44; grupo controle &#61; 60&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Canad&#225;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">NIDCAP&#47; Bayley IIIdade da avalia&#231;&#227;o&#58; 18 meses&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sim&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Nenhum efeito&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">N&#227;o avaliado&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Menor frequ&#234;ncia de atraso na cogni&#231;&#227;o &#40;interven&#231;&#227;o&#58; 10&#37;&#59; controle&#58; 30&#37;&#58; OR &#61; 0&#46;25&#59; 95&#37;&#160;IC&#58;&#160;0&#46;08&#8211;0&#46;82&#59; p &#61; 0&#46;017&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Kaaresen et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0385"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">35</span></a> &#40;2008&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">PMT PN &#60; 2000g&#58; n &#61; 146 &#40;grupo interven&#231;&#227;o n &#61; 72&#44; grupo controle n &#61; 74&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Noruega&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Mother&#8208;Infant Transaction Program &#8211;</span> vers&#227;o modificada&#47; Bayley II&#46; Idade da avalia&#231;&#227;o&#58; 24 meses&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Nenhum efeito&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Nenhum efeito&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">N&#227;o avaliado&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#205;ndice desenvolvimento mental&#58; Diferen&#231;a entre as m&#233;dias dos grupos interven&#231;&#227;o e controle igual a 0&#46;7 &#40;95&#37;&#160;IC&#58;&#160;&#8211;4&#46;3&#8208;6&#46;0&#41; &#40;p &#61; 0&#46;74&#41;&#205;ndice desenvolvimento motor&#58; Diferen&#231;a entre as m&#233;dias dos grupos interven&#231;&#227;o e controle igual a 1&#46;2 &#40;95&#37;&#160;IC&#58;&#160;&#8211;4&#46;3&#8208;6&#46;8&#41; &#40;p &#61; 0&#46;66&#41;&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
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