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            "entidad" => "Universidade Federal de Pernambuco &#40;UFPE&#41;&#44; Sa&#250;de da Crian&#231;a e do Adolescente&#44; Recife&#44; PE&#44; Brasil"
            "etiqueta" => "f"
            "identificador" => "aff0030"
          ]
          6 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof&#46; Fernando Figueira &#40;IMIP&#41;&#44; Unidade Neonatal e Unidade Canguru&#44; Recife&#44; PE&#44; Brasil"
            "etiqueta" => "g"
            "identificador" => "aff0035"
          ]
          7 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Universidade de Pernambuco &#40;UPE&#41;&#44; Faculdade de Odontologia de Pernambuco &#40;FOP&#41;&#44; Radiologia&#44; Recife&#44; PE&#44; Brasil"
            "etiqueta" => "h"
            "identificador" => "aff0040"
          ]
          8 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Centro de Pesquisa Aggeu Magalh&#227;es &#40;Fiocruz&#41;&#44; Sa&#250;de P&#250;blica&#44; Recife&#44; PE&#44; Brasil"
            "etiqueta" => "i"
            "identificador" => "aff0045"
          ]
          9 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof&#46; Fernando Figueira &#40;IMIP&#41;&#44; Estat&#237;stico&#44; Recife&#44; PE&#44; Brasil"
            "etiqueta" => "j"
            "identificador" => "aff0050"
          ]
          10 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Harvard School of Dental Medicine&#44; Cambridge&#44; Estados Unidos"
            "etiqueta" => "k"
            "identificador" => "aff0055"
          ]
          11 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Universidade de Pernambuco &#40;UPE&#41;&#44; Faculdade de Odontologia de Pernambuco &#40;FOP&#41;&#44; Odontopediatria&#44; Recife&#44; PE&#44; Brasil"
            "etiqueta" => "l"
            "identificador" => "aff0060"
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          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "cor0005"
            "etiqueta" => "&#8270;"
            "correspondencia" => "Autor para correspond&#234;ncia&#46;"
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    "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [
      "pt" => array:1 [
        "titulo" => "Avalia&#231;&#227;o do fr&#234;nulo lingual em rec&#233;m&#8208;nascidos com dois protocolos e sua rela&#231;&#227;o com o aleitamento materno"
      ]
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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0065">Introdu&#231;&#227;o</span><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Nos seis primeiros meses de vida&#44; o leite materno deve ser fonte exclusiva de nutri&#231;&#227;o&#46; Teoricamente&#44; todo rec&#233;m&#8208;nascido&#44; sem comprometimento org&#226;nico&#44; apresenta condi&#231;&#245;es para amamenta&#231;&#227;o&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0140"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a></p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os reflexos orais do rec&#233;m&#8208;nascido &#40;RN&#41; que garantir&#227;o sua alimenta&#231;&#227;o na fase inicial do desenvolvimento s&#227;o tr&#234;s&#58; busca ou procura&#44; cuja fun&#231;&#227;o consiste em localizar o peito&#59; suc&#231;&#227;o&#44; que &#233; a retirada do leite dos ductos mamilares&#59; e degluti&#231;&#227;o&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0145"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a></p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A amamenta&#231;&#227;o est&#225; diretamente relacionada com as fun&#231;&#245;es de suc&#231;&#227;o e degluti&#231;&#227;o&#44; coordenadas com a respira&#231;&#227;o&#46; A participa&#231;&#227;o dos movimentos da l&#237;ngua &#233; fundamental&#44; pois ela tem a fun&#231;&#227;o de fazer o vedamento anterior&#44; aderida ao redor do mamilo&#44; e posterior&#44; aderida ao palato mole e &#224; faringe&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0150"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> Assim&#44; qualquer restri&#231;&#227;o &#224; livre movimenta&#231;&#227;o da l&#237;ngua pode resultar no comprometimento das suas fun&#231;&#245;es e dificultar a amamenta&#231;&#227;o&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0155"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a></p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A altera&#231;&#227;o do fr&#234;nulo lingual ou anquiloglossia&#44; popularmente conhecida como &#8220;l&#237;ngua presa&#8221;&#44; &#233; uma anomalia cong&#234;nita&#44; quando uma pequena por&#231;&#227;o de tecido&#44; que deveria ter sofrido apoptose durante o desenvolvimento embrion&#225;rio&#44; permanece na face sublingual&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0160"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a></p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A anquiloglossia em crian&#231;as pode levar a uma variedade de problemas&#44; como dificuldades na amamenta&#231;&#227;o&#44; impedimentos da fala&#44; m&#225; higiene oral e constrangimentos por colegas durante a inf&#226;ncia e adolesc&#234;ncia&#46; O efeito da anquiloglossia sobre o aleitamento materno tem sido motivo de discuss&#227;o na literatura m&#233;dica&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> O impacto funcional da &#8220;l&#237;ngua presa&#8221; sobre a amamenta&#231;&#227;o &#233; um ponto controverso&#44; uma vez que para alguns autores existe uma tend&#234;ncia da limita&#231;&#227;o funcional diminuir com o aumento da idade&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> enquanto para outros pesquisadores &#233; necess&#225;rio identificar as altera&#231;&#245;es no fr&#234;nulo da l&#237;ngua nos primeiros meses de vida&#44; para evitar o desmame precoce e&#44; posteriormente&#44; as altera&#231;&#245;es de fala&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0175"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8&#44;9</span></a></p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A falta de crit&#233;rios padronizados para o diagn&#243;stico e classifica&#231;&#227;o do fr&#234;nulo lingual &#233; uma das principais cr&#237;ticas da Sociedade Pedi&#225;trica Canadense de Pesquisa&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0185"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> foram encontradas propostas de avalia&#231;&#227;o&#44; pautadas em inspe&#231;&#227;o cl&#237;nica visual&#44; o que justifica a grande varia&#231;&#227;o na preval&#234;ncia de anquiloglossia entre 0&#44;88&#37; e 12&#44;7&#37;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0190"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11&#8211;13</span></a></p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Em 20 de junho de 2014&#44; foi aprovada a lei n&#176; 13&#46;002&#44; que obriga a avalia&#231;&#227;o do fr&#234;nulo da l&#237;ngua em RNs em todos os hospitais e maternidades do Brasil&#44; o que possibilita a identifica&#231;&#227;o de altera&#231;&#245;es do fr&#234;nulo lingual e limita&#231;&#227;o dos movimentos da l&#237;ngua&#44; importantes para suc&#231;&#227;o&#44; mastiga&#231;&#227;o&#44; degluti&#231;&#227;o e fala&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0205"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a></p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os estudos que relacionam as fun&#231;&#245;es de suc&#231;&#227;o e degluti&#231;&#227;o com as varia&#231;&#245;es anat&#244;micas do fr&#234;nulo s&#227;o escassos&#46; Assim&#44; este estudo teve por objetivo caracterizar o fr&#234;nulo lingual de rec&#233;m&#8208;nascidos a termo&#44; com dois protocolos&#44; bem como verificar a rela&#231;&#227;o do fr&#234;nulo lingual com o aleitamento materno&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0070">Metodologia</span><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Estudo transversal&#44; descritivo&#44; com a popula&#231;&#227;o constitu&#237;da pelo bin&#244;mio m&#227;e&#47;beb&#234; assistidos no Alojamento Conjunto do Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof&#46; Fernando Figueira &#40;IMIP&#41;&#44; Recife&#8208;PE de mar&#231;o a maio de 2016&#46; Foi obtida uma amostra n&#227;o probabil&#237;stica&#44; pois participaram todos os beb&#234;s que nasceram nesse per&#237;odo &#40;demanda espont&#226;nea&#41;&#44; respeitaram&#8208;se os crit&#233;rios de inclus&#227;o e exclus&#227;o&#46; O tamanho da amostra foi calculado a partir da popula&#231;&#227;o infinita&#46; Para determinar o tamanho da amostra foi usado o programa EPI&#8208;Info na vers&#227;o 7&#46;2&#46;2&#46;2&#46; e foi estabelecido erro de 5&#37; com uma confiabilidade de 95&#37; e propor&#231;&#227;o esperada de 50&#37;&#44; j&#225; que n&#227;o se conhece a preval&#234;ncia da anquiloglossia&#46; Assim&#44; resultaram&#8208;se 384 bin&#244;mios acrescidos de 15&#37; para que eventuais perdas n&#227;o comprometessem a representatividade da amostra&#44; amostra m&#237;nima de 442&#44; por&#233;m coletados 449&#46; Foram exclu&#237;dos rec&#233;m&#8208;nascidos que se alimentavam artificialmente &#40;filhos de portadoras de v&#237;rus transmiss&#237;veis atrav&#233;s do leite materno ou que usavam medicamentos os quais impossibilitavam a amamenta&#231;&#227;o&#41;&#44; prematuros&#44; que tiveram complica&#231;&#245;es perinatais&#44; como anomalias craniofaciais&#44; doen&#231;as neurol&#243;gicas e s&#237;ndromes gen&#233;ticas vis&#237;veis no momento da avalia&#231;&#227;o&#46;</p><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Na coleta de dados fez&#8208;se a avalia&#231;&#227;o do fr&#234;nulo lingual do beb&#234; e&#44; em seguida&#44; a observa&#231;&#227;o do seu desempenho na mamada em seio materno&#46; A coleta foi feita por uma pesquisadora e quando ela encontrava altera&#231;&#227;o no fr&#234;nulo e ou na mamada reavaliava com uma segunda pesquisadora para entrarem em consenso&#46; As duas pesquisadoras &#40;cirurgi&#227;s&#8208;dentistas&#41; foram previamente treinadas e calibradas&#46;</p><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Para avalia&#231;&#227;o do fr&#234;nulo lingual foi aplicado o Protocolo de Avalia&#231;&#227;o do Fr&#234;nulo Lingual para Beb&#234;s&#44; que permite verificar as caracter&#237;sticas anat&#244;micas do fr&#234;nulo da l&#237;ngua e as fun&#231;&#245;es de suc&#231;&#227;o e degluti&#231;&#227;o em beb&#234;s&#46; Esse protocolo &#233; dividido em Hist&#243;ria Cl&#237;nica&#44; Avalia&#231;&#227;o Anatomofuncional e Avalia&#231;&#227;o da Suc&#231;&#227;o N&#227;o Nutritiva e Nutritiva&#46; Tem pontua&#231;&#245;es independentes e pode ser aplicado por partes at&#233; o sexto m&#234;s de vida&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0210"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a> Como o presente estudo foi feito em rec&#233;m&#8208;nascidos durante sua interna&#231;&#227;o no Alojamento Conjunto&#44; optou&#8208;se pela aplica&#231;&#227;o do protocolo na modalidade de triagem neonatal<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0215"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a> &#40;cartilha&#41;&#44; que consistiu na aplica&#231;&#227;o apenas da Parte I do Protocolo &#40;Avalia&#231;&#227;o Anatomofuncional&#41;&#46; Na Avalia&#231;&#227;o Anatomofuncional observa&#8208;se&#58; postura de l&#225;bios em repouso&#59; tend&#234;ncia do posicionamento da l&#237;ngua durante o choro&#59; forma da ponta da l&#237;ngua quando elevada durante o choro&#59; e fr&#234;nulo da l&#237;ngua &#40;espessura&#44; fixa&#231;&#227;o na face sublingual&#44; fixa&#231;&#227;o no assoalho da boca&#41;&#46; Para an&#225;lise dos dados&#44; considerou&#8208;se como interfer&#234;ncia do fr&#234;nulo lingual nos movimentos da l&#237;ngua a pontua&#231;&#227;o maior ou igual a 7&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0210"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15&#44;16</span></a></p><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Outro protocolo usado para avaliar o fr&#234;nulo lingual foi o <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Bristol Tongue Assessment Tool</span> &#40;BTAT&#41;&#44; instrumento simples&#44; o qual apresenta escores e classifica&#231;&#227;o de gravidade do funcionamento da l&#237;ngua&#46; Ele &#233; composto por quatro aspectos para avalia&#231;&#227;o do fr&#234;nulo&#44; que s&#227;o&#58; apar&#234;ncia da ponta da l&#237;ngua&#59; fixa&#231;&#227;o do fr&#234;nulo no alv&#233;olo inferior&#59; eleva&#231;&#227;o da l&#237;ngua durante o choro com a boca aberta&#59; e protrus&#227;o da l&#237;ngua sobre a gengiva&#46; As pontua&#231;&#245;es para os quatro itens s&#227;o somadas&#44; podem variar de 0 a 8&#59; o escore de 0&#8208;3 indica redu&#231;&#227;o grave de fun&#231;&#227;o da l&#237;ngua&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0220"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a></p><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Dando seguimento&#44; foi aplicado o Protocolo de Avalia&#231;&#227;o e Observa&#231;&#227;o da Mamada do Unicef&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0225"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a> escolhido para avaliar o desempenho do bin&#244;mio m&#227;e&#47;beb&#234; no momento da amamenta&#231;&#227;o&#46; &#201; composto por cinco categorias&#44; aponta comportamentos favor&#225;veis e comportamentos indicativos de dificuldades no aleitamento materno&#44; aborda aspectos sobre posi&#231;&#227;o&#44; respostas&#44; estabelecimento de la&#231;os afetivos&#44; anatomia e suc&#231;&#227;o&#46; Neste estudo&#44; computou&#8208;se a frequ&#234;ncia de comportamentos desfavor&#225;veis para cada aspecto da mamada investigada e&#44; de acordo com o n&#250;mero de comportamentos negativos observados&#44; foram classificadas em escores &#40;bom&#44; regular e ruim&#41;&#44; conforme estudo de Carvalhaes et al &#40;2003&#41;&#44; como mostra a <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">tabela 1</a>&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0230"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19</span></a></p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os beb&#234;s que apresentaram altera&#231;&#227;o do fr&#234;nulo lingual e dificuldade durante a suc&#231;&#227;o foram submetidos &#224; frenotomia na primeira semana de vida&#44; retornaram ao servi&#231;o com uma semana e posteriormente com 30 dias para reavalia&#231;&#227;o&#46; Os beb&#234;s que apresentaram altera&#231;&#227;o do fr&#234;nulo sem dificuldade na amamenta&#231;&#227;o retornaram ao servi&#231;o com 30 dias e foram reavaliados pela pesquisadora&#46; No retorno&#44; todas as m&#227;es responderam as seguintes perguntas&#58; &#8220;A senhora est&#225; amamentando seu beb&#234;&#63;&#8221; &#8220;J&#225; ofereceu algum complemento alimentar ao seu filho&#63;&#8221; &#8220;Qual o motivo da complementa&#231;&#227;o&#63;&#8221;</p><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os resultados foram analisados estatisticamente com o programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences &#40;SPSS&#41;&#44; vers&#227;o 17&#46;0&#44; com an&#225;lises estat&#237;sticas descritivas e inferenciais&#46; Para verificar a associa&#231;&#227;o entre as vari&#225;veis fr&#234;nulo lingual e desempenho do rec&#233;m&#8208;nascido na mamada no seio materno foram usados os testes qui&#8208;quadrado de Pearson e exato de Fisher&#46; Em todas as an&#225;lises foi levado em considera&#231;&#227;o o n&#237;vel de signific&#226;ncia de 5&#37;&#46;</p><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comit&#234; de &#201;tica em Pesquisa com Seres Humanos do Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof&#46; Fernando Figueira &#40;IMIP&#41;&#44; de acordo com o parecer n&#176; 1&#46;066&#46;444&#44; de 13 de maio de 2015&#46; Cumpre esclarecer que participaram&#44; apenas&#44; os beb&#234;s cujas m&#227;es e&#47;ou respons&#225;veis aceitaram a participa&#231;&#227;o&#44; mediante a assinatura do Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido&#46; Foram assegurados o sigilo de suas identidades e o uso das informa&#231;&#245;es exclusivamente para fins de pesquisa&#46;</p><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Foram reexaminados pelas duas pesquisadoras 29 beb&#234;s para aferir a concord&#226;ncia interexaminador e usou&#8208;se o teste estat&#237;stico Kappa para an&#225;lise&#46; Os valores obtidos foram entre 0&#44;70 a 1&#44;0&#44; considerado um indicativo de &#243;tima concord&#226;ncia&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">Resultados</span><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Dos 449 bin&#244;mios m&#227;e&#47;beb&#234;&#44; 240 &#40;46&#44;5&#37;&#41; rec&#233;m&#8208;nascidos eram do sexo feminino&#44; por&#233;m com altera&#231;&#227;o no fr&#234;nulo a preval&#234;ncia maior &#40;64&#44;28&#37;&#41; foi no masculino&#46;A m&#233;dia da idade materna foi de 26 anos&#46; A maioria afirmou ter ensino m&#233;dio completo &#40;42&#44;5&#37;&#41; e 245 &#40;54&#44;6&#37;&#41; m&#227;es declararam&#8208;se pardas&#44; 279 &#40;62&#44;1&#37;&#41; procediam de outras cidades do Estado de Pernambuco e 173 &#40;38&#44;5&#37;&#41; tinham uma renda de um sal&#225;rio m&#237;nimo&#46;</p><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Foi encontrada compatibilidade quanto &#224; caracteriza&#231;&#227;o do fr&#234;nulo lingual entre os dois protocolos nos mesmos beb&#234;s&#46; De acordo com eles&#44; 14 &#40;3&#44;11&#37;&#41; beb&#234;s apresentaram altera&#231;&#227;o de fr&#234;nulo lingual&#46; Os resultados obtidos relativos aos aspectos anat&#244;micos&#44; quando foi usada a Avalia&#231;&#227;o Anatomofuncional do Protocolo de Avalia&#231;&#227;o do Fr&#234;nulo da L&#237;ngua&#44; est&#227;o descritos na <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">tabela 2</a>&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os dados obtidos demonstraram que a maioria dos RNs apresentou postura dos l&#225;bios fechados em repouso&#44; tend&#234;ncia do posicionamento da l&#237;ngua na linha m&#233;dia e forma da l&#237;ngua arredondada&#46; Quanto &#224; visualiza&#231;&#227;o do fr&#234;nulo lingual&#44; foi poss&#237;vel em 233 &#40;51&#44;9&#37;&#41; rec&#233;m&#8208;nascidos&#46;</p><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A maioria dos beb&#234;s tinha fr&#234;nulo lingual delgado&#44; fixado no ter&#231;o m&#233;dio da l&#237;ngua e vis&#237;veis a partir das car&#250;nculas sublinguais no assoalho da boca&#46;</p><p id="par0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os resultados obtidos a partir da aplica&#231;&#227;o do protocolo BTAT est&#227;o apresentados na <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">tabela 3</a>&#46; Segundo o protocolo&#44; a maioria dos beb&#234;s apresentou apar&#234;ncia da ponta da l&#237;ngua redonda&#44; eleva&#231;&#227;o completa da l&#237;ngua em dire&#231;&#227;o ao palato duro durante o choro e a l&#237;ngua podia ser protru&#237;da sobre o l&#225;bio inferior&#46; Quanto &#224; fixa&#231;&#227;o do fr&#234;nulo lingual&#44; a maioria tem fr&#234;nulo anexado no meio do assoalho da boca&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0015"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0125" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Quanto &#224; avalia&#231;&#227;o da mamada&#44; tamb&#233;m feita na triagem inicial na maternidade&#44; 409 &#40;91&#37;&#41; apresentaram o escore bom&#46; A maior causa de dificuldades durante a amamenta&#231;&#227;o foi a anatomia da mama da m&#227;e &#40;51&#44;3&#37;&#41;&#46; Dentre os 14 rec&#233;m&#8208;nascidos que apresentaram altera&#231;&#227;o de fr&#234;nulo lingual&#44; tr&#234;s apresentaram dificuldade durante a suc&#231;&#227;o&#44; necessitaram de frenotomia na primeira semana de vida&#46; Esses beb&#234;s retornaram ao servi&#231;o ap&#243;s uma semana&#44; como tamb&#233;m ap&#243;s 30 dias para reavalia&#231;&#227;o&#46; Os que n&#227;o foram submetidos retornaram com 30 dias e foram reavaliados pela pesquisadora&#46; No retorno&#44; todos os beb&#234;s mamavam exclusivamente&#46; E tiveram aumento de peso&#44; em m&#233;dia&#44; de 1&#44;100<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>kg&#46;</p><p id="par0130" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Houve associa&#231;&#227;o estatisticamente significativa entre o protocolo &#8220;Teste da Linguinha&#8221; e a qualidade da amamenta&#231;&#227;o &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;028&#41; e entre o protocolo BTAT e a qualidade da amamenta&#231;&#227;o &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;028&#41; &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0020">tabela 4</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0020"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0080">Discuss&#227;o</span><p id="par0135" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O presente estudo encontrou uma preval&#234;ncia de fr&#234;nulo alterado dentro do intervalo de varia&#231;&#227;o encontrado na literatura &#8211;0&#44;8&#37; a 12&#44;7&#37;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0190"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11&#8211;13&#44;20</span></a></p><p id="par0140" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Conforme descrito na literatura&#44; os meninos parecem ser mais afetados do que as meninas&#44; o que foi evidenciado na amostra estudada&#44; na qual foi predominantemente masculina&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0240"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21</span></a></p><p id="par0145" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">De acordo com um parecer t&#233;cnico&#8208;cient&#237;fico do Instituto de Sa&#250;de da Crian&#231;a de S&#227;o Paulo&#44; n&#227;o h&#225; evid&#234;ncia cient&#237;fica suficiente para se diagnosticar altera&#231;&#245;es no fr&#234;nulo e sua rela&#231;&#227;o com o aleitamento materno&#44; proposta no Protocolo de Avalia&#231;&#227;o do Fr&#234;nulo Lingual para Beb&#234;s&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0245"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a> O parecer informa ainda que n&#227;o existe um padr&#227;o&#8208;ouro para teste diagn&#243;stico da anquiloglossia&#46; Autores&#44; com o protocolo <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Bristol Tongue Assessment Tool</span> &#40;BTAT&#41;&#44; conclu&#237;ram que ele n&#227;o aponta resultados seguros para afirmar se crian&#231;as com &#8220;l&#237;ngua presa&#8221; apresentaram dificuldades na amamenta&#231;&#227;o&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0250"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23</span></a> Neste estudo&#44; os dois instrumentos usados&#44; Protocolo de Avalia&#231;&#227;o do Fr&#234;nulo da L&#237;ngua com Escores para Beb&#234;s e o BTAT&#44; foram eficazes para correlacionar amamenta&#231;&#227;o &#224;s caracter&#237;sticas do fr&#234;nulo lingual &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;028&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0150" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">&#201; poss&#237;vel encontrar diverg&#234;ncias na literatura a respeito da rela&#231;&#227;o entre o fr&#234;nulo lingual e o aleitamento materno&#46; Em uma revis&#227;o de literatura&#44; na qual crit&#233;rios de diagn&#243;stico e tratamento para anquiloglossia foram avaliados&#44; em 64 artigos analisados evidenciou&#8208;se que problemas de aleitamento materno em rec&#233;m&#8208;nascidos foram associados &#224; &#8220;l&#237;ngua presa&#8221;&#44; assim como encontrado nesta pesquisa&#44; por&#233;m n&#227;o foram feitos ensaios controlados suficientes para identificar uma op&#231;&#227;o de tratamento ideal&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0175"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a></p><p id="par0155" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A maioria dos beb&#234;s apresentou escore bom em rela&#231;&#227;o &#224; avalia&#231;&#227;o da mamada&#46; Isso pode ser justificado pelo fato de o IMIP ser um Hospital Amigo da Crian&#231;a&#44; no qual as pu&#233;rperas s&#227;o orientadas pela equipe de Neonatologia&#44; Banco de Leite Humano e Centro de Incentivo ao Aleitamento Materno &#40;BLH&#47;Ciama&#47;IMIP&#41; desde o nascimento do beb&#234;&#44; a fim de que a amamenta&#231;&#227;o seja estabelecida e mantida&#46;</p><p id="par0160" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A anquiloglossia &#233; uma causa reconhecida de dificuldade na amamenta&#231;&#227;o e&#44; se n&#227;o tratada&#44; pode causar dor e trauma no mamilo&#44; alimenta&#231;&#227;o ineficaz e baixo ganho de peso infantil&#46; Em alguns casos&#44; essa condi&#231;&#227;o pode resultar em uma baixa produ&#231;&#227;o de leite da m&#227;e&#46; O problema&#44; geralmente&#44; &#233; apresentado na primeira semana ap&#243;s o nascimento&#44; por&#233;m seu efeito na alimenta&#231;&#227;o &#233; dif&#237;cil de calibrar&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0255"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">24</span></a> Nesta pesquisa&#44; dos 14 beb&#234;s diagnosticados com anquiloglossia&#44; 11 n&#227;o tiveram dificuldades na amamenta&#231;&#227;o com o seguimento de 30 dias e foram acompanhados&#46; Apenas tr&#234;s apresentaram algum comportamento negativo na avalia&#231;&#227;o da mamada&#44; o que comprometeu a efic&#225;cia da amamenta&#231;&#227;o&#59; nesses&#44; foi verificada perda de peso e diante dessas dificuldades foram feitas frenotomias na primeira semana de vida&#46;</p><p id="par0165" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Vale ressaltar neste estudo a import&#226;ncia da avalia&#231;&#227;o do fr&#234;nulo junto com a avalia&#231;&#227;o da mamada e a ocorr&#234;ncia de interfer&#234;ncia na amamenta&#231;&#227;o&#44; como tamb&#233;m perda de peso&#44; para justificar a interven&#231;&#227;o cir&#250;rgica nas primeiras semanas de vida&#46; Essas&#44; quando foram feitas&#44; ofereceram melhoria na suc&#231;&#227;o nutritiva dos beb&#234;s e relato de maior conforto no momento da amamenta&#231;&#227;o&#46;</p><p id="par0170" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Autores conclu&#237;ram&#44; em sua pesquisa&#44; que a frenotomia &#233; um procedimento seguro e r&#225;pido&#44; com baixa morbidade&#44; que melhora os resultados da amamenta&#231;&#227;o&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; a frenotomia feita em idade precoce resulta em melhores resultados em termos de amamenta&#231;&#227;o&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0260"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">25</span></a> Em uma revis&#227;o sistem&#225;tica&#44; um pequeno corpo de evid&#234;ncias sugere que a frenotomia pode estar associada a melhorias relatadas pela m&#227;e na amamenta&#231;&#227;o e&#44; potencialmente&#44; na dor mamilar&#44; mas com pequenos estudos de curto prazo com metodologia inconsistente&#44; a for&#231;a da evid&#234;ncia &#233; baixa e insuficiente&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0265"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">26</span></a> Em outra revis&#227;o sistem&#225;tica&#44; que consistiu em cinco estudos cl&#237;nicos randomizados e oito estudos de casos&#44; os autores conclu&#237;ram que a frenotomia favorece a amamenta&#231;&#227;o em longo prazo em mais de 50&#37; dos casos&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0270"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">27</span></a></p><p id="par0175" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Ainda n&#227;o existe consenso na literatura a respeito da efic&#225;cia da frenotomia para o tratamento de anquiloglossia em lactentes&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0245"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a> A import&#226;ncia da equipe multidisciplinar nesse processo &#233; de extrema import&#226;ncia&#44; contribui para o diagn&#243;stico de poss&#237;veis altera&#231;&#245;es no fr&#234;nulo&#44; na mamada e na tomada de decis&#245;es&#44; evita o desmame precoce e poss&#237;veis altera&#231;&#245;es no sistema estomatogn&#225;tico&#46;</p><p id="par0180" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">De acordo com o estudo foi poss&#237;vel concluir que altera&#231;&#245;es no fr&#234;nulo lingual est&#227;o associadas a interfer&#234;ncias na qualidade da amamenta&#231;&#227;o&#44; o que torna a avalia&#231;&#227;o do fr&#234;nulo lingual em rec&#233;m&#8208;nascidos um ponto importante&#46; Estudos longitudinais s&#227;o sugeridos para melhoria de evid&#234;ncias cient&#237;ficas que contribuir&#227;o para o refor&#231;o e incentivo da amamenta&#231;&#227;o exclusiva nos seis primeiros meses de vida&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0085">Conflitos de interesse</span><p id="par0185" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os autores declaram n&#227;o haver conflitos de interesse&#46;</p></span></span>"
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          "clase" => "keyword"
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            0 => "Lingual frenulum"
            1 => "Ankyloglossia"
            2 => "Breastfeeding"
            3 => "Clinical protocols"
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          "palabras" => array:4 [
            0 => "Freio lingual"
            1 => "Anquiloglossia"
            2 => "Aleitamento materno"
            3 => "Protocolos cl&#237;nicos"
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        "titulo" => "Abstract"
        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Objective</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To characterize the lingual frenulum of full&#8208;term newborns using two different protocols and to assess the association of the lingual frenulum with breastfeeding&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Methods</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">This non&#8208;probabilistic sample consisted of 449<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mother&#47;baby binomials&#46; For the anatomo&#8208;functional evaluation of the frenulum&#44; the Neonatal Tongue Screening Test and the Bristol Tongue Assessment Tool were used for the evaluation of the lingual frenulum&#46; Breastfeeding was evaluated using the protocol proposed by UNICEF&#46; Scores were created &#40;good&#44; fair&#44; poor&#41; to evaluate every aspect of the breastfeeding to be observed&#46; The results were analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics and association tests &#40;Pearson&#39;s chi&#8208;squared and Fisher&#39;s exact test&#41;&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Results</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The study showed that 14 babies had a lingual frenulum alteration&#44; of whom three had difficulties during suction&#44; requiring frenotomy in the first week of life&#44; whereas 11 had no difficulties during breastfeeding&#46; Regarding the breastfeeding evaluation&#44; 410<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mother&#47;baby binomials had good&#44; 36 regular&#44; and three had bad scores&#46; There was a statistically significant association between the tongue&#8208;tie test protocol and breastfeeding &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;028&#41; and between the Bristol Tongue Assessment Tool protocol and breastfeeding &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;028&#41;&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Conclusion</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Alterations in the lingual frenulum are associated with interferences in the quality of breastfeeding and thus&#44; evaluation of the lingual frenulum in newborns is important&#46;</p></span>"
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        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Objetivo</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Caracterizar o fr&#234;nulo lingual de rec&#233;m&#8208;nascidos a termo&#44; utilizando dois protocolos diferentes e verificar a rela&#231;&#227;o do fr&#234;nulo lingual com o aleitamento materno&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">M&#233;todo</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A amostra n&#227;o probabil&#237;stica foi constitu&#237;da por 449 bin&#244;mios m&#227;e&#47;beb&#234;&#46; Para a avalia&#231;&#227;o anatomofuncional do fr&#234;nulo&#44; utilizou-se o protocolo de avalia&#231;&#227;o do fr&#234;nulo lingual para beb&#234;s &#8220;Teste da Linguinha&#8221; e o <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Bristol Tongue Assessment Tool</span>&#46; A mamada foi avaliada com o protocolo proposto pelo UNICEF&#46; Foram criados escores &#40;bom&#44; regular&#44; ruim&#41; para avaliar cada aspecto da mamada a ser observada&#46; Os resultados foram analisados atrav&#233;s de estat&#237;sticas descritivas e inferenciais e testes de associa&#231;&#227;o &#40;Qui&#8208;quadrado de Pearson e Exato de Fisher&#41;&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Resultados</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">O estudo mostrou que 14 beb&#234;s apresentaram altera&#231;&#227;o de fr&#234;nulo lingual&#44; nos quais tr&#234;s com dificuldade durante a suc&#231;&#227;o&#44; necessitando de frenotomia na primeira semana de vida e 11 sem dificuldades durante a amamenta&#231;&#227;o&#46; Quanto &#224; avalia&#231;&#227;o da mamada&#44; 410 bin&#244;mios m&#227;e&#47;beb&#234; apresentaram o escore bom&#44; 36 regular e 3 ruim&#46; Houve associa&#231;&#227;o estatisticamente significativa entre o protocolo &#8220;Teste da Linguinha&#8221; e amamenta&#231;&#227;o &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;028&#41; e entre o protocolo <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Bristol Tongue Assessment Tool</span> e amamenta&#231;&#227;o &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;028&#41;&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Conclus&#227;o</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Altera&#231;&#245;es no fr&#234;nulo lingual est&#227;o associadas a interfer&#234;ncias na qualidade da amamenta&#231;&#227;o&#44; sendo importante a avalia&#231;&#227;o do fr&#234;nulo lingual em rec&#233;m&#8208;nascidos&#46;</p></span>"
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        "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0015">Como citar este artigo&#58; Araujo MC&#44; Freitas RL&#44; Lima MG&#44; Kozmhinsky VM&#44; Guerra CA&#44; Lima GM&#44; et al&#46; Evaluation of the lingual frenulum in newborns using two protocols and its association with breastfeeding&#46; J Pediatr &#40;Rio J&#41;&#46; 2020&#59;96&#58;379&#8211;85&#46;</p>"
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Respostas da dupla&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">06&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#8208;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#8208;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">4&#8208;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Adequa&#231;&#227;o da suc&#231;&#227;o&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">06&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#8208;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">2&#8208;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">4&#8208;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Anatomia das mamas&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">04&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">2&#8208;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">03&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#8208;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
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          "pt" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Crit&#233;rios para classifica&#231;&#227;o dos escores empregados na avalia&#231;&#227;o da mamada segundo cada aspecto avaliado&#46; 2003&#44; Carvalhaes et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0230"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19</span></a></p>"
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Aspectos anat&#244;micos&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">n&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">392&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">87&#44;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Entreabertos&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">54&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">12&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Tend&#234;ncia do posicionamento da l&#237;ngua durante o choro</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Na linha m&#233;dia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">282&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">62&#44;8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Elevada&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">153&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">34&#44;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Na linha m&#233;dia com eleva&#231;&#227;o nas laterais&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Baixa&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Forma da l&#237;ngua quando elevada</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Arredondada&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">429&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">95&#44;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Ligeira fenda no &#225;pice&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Formato de cora&#231;&#227;o&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">12&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">2&#44;7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Espessura</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Delgado&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">446&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">99&#44;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Espesso&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">14&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>L&#237;ngua fenda&#92;entalhada&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">429&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">95&#44;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">25&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">5&#44;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Anexado no meio do assoalho da boca&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">423&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">94&#44;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Eleva&#231;&#227;o da l&#237;ngua durante o choro com a boca aberta</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Eleva&#231;&#227;o m&#237;nima&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Eleva&#231;&#227;o apenas das bordas da l&#237;ngua em dire&#231;&#227;o ao palato duro&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Eleva&#231;&#227;o completa da l&#237;ngua em dire&#231;&#227;o ao palato duro&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">435&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">96&#44;8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Ponta da l&#237;ngua atr&#225;s da gengiva&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Ponta da l&#237;ngua sobre a gengiva&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">10&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#44;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Ponta da l&#237;ngua pode se estender sobre o l&#225;bio inferior&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">435&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">96&#44;8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
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          "pt" => "<p id="spar0060" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Aspectos anat&#244;micos e caracter&#237;stica do fr&#234;nulo da l&#237;ngua&#44; segundo aplica&#231;&#227;o do protocolo para avaliar o fr&#234;nulo lingual &#8211; BTAT &#8211; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof&#46; Fernando Figueira</span>&#44; Recife&#8208;PE&#44; Brasil&#44; 2016</p>"
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col">Vari&#225;veis&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">n&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">n&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">p valor&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Fr&#234;nulo interfere nos movimentos da l&#237;ngua&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">11&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">71&#44;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;028<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Fr&#234;nulo n&#227;o interfere nos movimentos da l&#237;ngua&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">400&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">92&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">32&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">7&#44;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="8" align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="8" align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Btat</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Normalidade de fr&#234;nulo&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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          "pt" => "<p id="spar0075" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Associa&#231;&#227;o entre os protocolos usados na avalia&#231;&#227;o do fr&#234;nulo lingual e amamenta&#231;&#227;o&#8211; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof&#46; Fernando Figueira</span>&#44; Recife&#8208;PE&#44; Brasil&#44; 2016</p>"
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    "bibliografia" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "Refer&#234;ncias"
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          "identificador" => "bibs0015"
          "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:27 [
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              "identificador" => "bib0140"
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                0 => array:2 [
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                    0 => array:1 [
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                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Libro" => array:4 [
                        "titulo" => "Evid&#234;ncias cient&#237;ficas dos dez passos para o sucesso no aleitamento materno"
                        "fecha" => "2001"
                        "editorial" => "Organiza&#231;&#227;o Mundial de Sa&#250;de"
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              "identificador" => "bib0145"
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                      "titulo" => "Conceitos gerais sobre fisiologia bucal"
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                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
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                            0 => "C&#46;R&#46; Douglas"
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Artigo Original
Evaluation of the lingual frenulum in newborns using two protocols and its association with breastfeeding
Avaliação do frênulo lingual em recém‐nascidos com dois protocolos e sua relação com o aleitamento materno
Maria da C.M. Araujoa,b, Rebeca L. Freitasb,c, Maria Goretti de Souza Limab,d,
Autor para correspondência
goretti_odonto@yahoo.com.br

Autor para correspondência.
, Veronica M. da R. Kozmhinskyb,d, Cândida A. Guerrab,e, Geisy M. de S. Limaf,g, Amitis V. Costa e Silvad,h, Paulo Correia de Melo Júniord, Manuela Arnaudd, Emídio C. Albuquerquei,j, Aronita Rosenblattd,k,l
a Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Odontologia com Área de Concentração em Clínica Integrada, Recife, PE, Brasil
b Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof. Fernando Figueira (IMIP), Odontologia Pediátrica, Recife, PE, Brasil
c Faculdade Pernambucana de Saúde (FPS), Educação para o Ensino na Saúde, Recife, PE, Brasil
d Universidade de Pernambuco (UPE), Faculdade de Odontologia de Pernambuco (FOP), Odontologia com Área de Concentração em Odontopediatria, Recife, PE, Brasil
e Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Odontologia com Área de Concentração em Odontopediatria, Recife, PE, Brasil
f Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente, Recife, PE, Brasil
g Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof. Fernando Figueira (IMIP), Unidade Neonatal e Unidade Canguru, Recife, PE, Brasil
h Universidade de Pernambuco (UPE), Faculdade de Odontologia de Pernambuco (FOP), Radiologia, Recife, PE, Brasil
i Centro de Pesquisa Aggeu Magalhães (Fiocruz), Saúde Pública, Recife, PE, Brasil
j Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof. Fernando Figueira (IMIP), Estatístico, Recife, PE, Brasil
k Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Cambridge, Estados Unidos
l Universidade de Pernambuco (UPE), Faculdade de Odontologia de Pernambuco (FOP), Odontopediatria, Recife, PE, Brasil
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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0065">Introdu&#231;&#227;o</span><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Nos seis primeiros meses de vida&#44; o leite materno deve ser fonte exclusiva de nutri&#231;&#227;o&#46; Teoricamente&#44; todo rec&#233;m&#8208;nascido&#44; sem comprometimento org&#226;nico&#44; apresenta condi&#231;&#245;es para amamenta&#231;&#227;o&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0140"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a></p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os reflexos orais do rec&#233;m&#8208;nascido &#40;RN&#41; que garantir&#227;o sua alimenta&#231;&#227;o na fase inicial do desenvolvimento s&#227;o tr&#234;s&#58; busca ou procura&#44; cuja fun&#231;&#227;o consiste em localizar o peito&#59; suc&#231;&#227;o&#44; que &#233; a retirada do leite dos ductos mamilares&#59; e degluti&#231;&#227;o&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0145"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a></p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A amamenta&#231;&#227;o est&#225; diretamente relacionada com as fun&#231;&#245;es de suc&#231;&#227;o e degluti&#231;&#227;o&#44; coordenadas com a respira&#231;&#227;o&#46; A participa&#231;&#227;o dos movimentos da l&#237;ngua &#233; fundamental&#44; pois ela tem a fun&#231;&#227;o de fazer o vedamento anterior&#44; aderida ao redor do mamilo&#44; e posterior&#44; aderida ao palato mole e &#224; faringe&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0150"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> Assim&#44; qualquer restri&#231;&#227;o &#224; livre movimenta&#231;&#227;o da l&#237;ngua pode resultar no comprometimento das suas fun&#231;&#245;es e dificultar a amamenta&#231;&#227;o&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0155"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a></p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A altera&#231;&#227;o do fr&#234;nulo lingual ou anquiloglossia&#44; popularmente conhecida como &#8220;l&#237;ngua presa&#8221;&#44; &#233; uma anomalia cong&#234;nita&#44; quando uma pequena por&#231;&#227;o de tecido&#44; que deveria ter sofrido apoptose durante o desenvolvimento embrion&#225;rio&#44; permanece na face sublingual&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0160"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a></p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A anquiloglossia em crian&#231;as pode levar a uma variedade de problemas&#44; como dificuldades na amamenta&#231;&#227;o&#44; impedimentos da fala&#44; m&#225; higiene oral e constrangimentos por colegas durante a inf&#226;ncia e adolesc&#234;ncia&#46; O efeito da anquiloglossia sobre o aleitamento materno tem sido motivo de discuss&#227;o na literatura m&#233;dica&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> O impacto funcional da &#8220;l&#237;ngua presa&#8221; sobre a amamenta&#231;&#227;o &#233; um ponto controverso&#44; uma vez que para alguns autores existe uma tend&#234;ncia da limita&#231;&#227;o funcional diminuir com o aumento da idade&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> enquanto para outros pesquisadores &#233; necess&#225;rio identificar as altera&#231;&#245;es no fr&#234;nulo da l&#237;ngua nos primeiros meses de vida&#44; para evitar o desmame precoce e&#44; posteriormente&#44; as altera&#231;&#245;es de fala&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0175"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8&#44;9</span></a></p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A falta de crit&#233;rios padronizados para o diagn&#243;stico e classifica&#231;&#227;o do fr&#234;nulo lingual &#233; uma das principais cr&#237;ticas da Sociedade Pedi&#225;trica Canadense de Pesquisa&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0185"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> foram encontradas propostas de avalia&#231;&#227;o&#44; pautadas em inspe&#231;&#227;o cl&#237;nica visual&#44; o que justifica a grande varia&#231;&#227;o na preval&#234;ncia de anquiloglossia entre 0&#44;88&#37; e 12&#44;7&#37;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0190"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11&#8211;13</span></a></p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Em 20 de junho de 2014&#44; foi aprovada a lei n&#176; 13&#46;002&#44; que obriga a avalia&#231;&#227;o do fr&#234;nulo da l&#237;ngua em RNs em todos os hospitais e maternidades do Brasil&#44; o que possibilita a identifica&#231;&#227;o de altera&#231;&#245;es do fr&#234;nulo lingual e limita&#231;&#227;o dos movimentos da l&#237;ngua&#44; importantes para suc&#231;&#227;o&#44; mastiga&#231;&#227;o&#44; degluti&#231;&#227;o e fala&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0205"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a></p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os estudos que relacionam as fun&#231;&#245;es de suc&#231;&#227;o e degluti&#231;&#227;o com as varia&#231;&#245;es anat&#244;micas do fr&#234;nulo s&#227;o escassos&#46; Assim&#44; este estudo teve por objetivo caracterizar o fr&#234;nulo lingual de rec&#233;m&#8208;nascidos a termo&#44; com dois protocolos&#44; bem como verificar a rela&#231;&#227;o do fr&#234;nulo lingual com o aleitamento materno&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0070">Metodologia</span><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Estudo transversal&#44; descritivo&#44; com a popula&#231;&#227;o constitu&#237;da pelo bin&#244;mio m&#227;e&#47;beb&#234; assistidos no Alojamento Conjunto do Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof&#46; Fernando Figueira &#40;IMIP&#41;&#44; Recife&#8208;PE de mar&#231;o a maio de 2016&#46; Foi obtida uma amostra n&#227;o probabil&#237;stica&#44; pois participaram todos os beb&#234;s que nasceram nesse per&#237;odo &#40;demanda espont&#226;nea&#41;&#44; respeitaram&#8208;se os crit&#233;rios de inclus&#227;o e exclus&#227;o&#46; O tamanho da amostra foi calculado a partir da popula&#231;&#227;o infinita&#46; Para determinar o tamanho da amostra foi usado o programa EPI&#8208;Info na vers&#227;o 7&#46;2&#46;2&#46;2&#46; e foi estabelecido erro de 5&#37; com uma confiabilidade de 95&#37; e propor&#231;&#227;o esperada de 50&#37;&#44; j&#225; que n&#227;o se conhece a preval&#234;ncia da anquiloglossia&#46; Assim&#44; resultaram&#8208;se 384 bin&#244;mios acrescidos de 15&#37; para que eventuais perdas n&#227;o comprometessem a representatividade da amostra&#44; amostra m&#237;nima de 442&#44; por&#233;m coletados 449&#46; Foram exclu&#237;dos rec&#233;m&#8208;nascidos que se alimentavam artificialmente &#40;filhos de portadoras de v&#237;rus transmiss&#237;veis atrav&#233;s do leite materno ou que usavam medicamentos os quais impossibilitavam a amamenta&#231;&#227;o&#41;&#44; prematuros&#44; que tiveram complica&#231;&#245;es perinatais&#44; como anomalias craniofaciais&#44; doen&#231;as neurol&#243;gicas e s&#237;ndromes gen&#233;ticas vis&#237;veis no momento da avalia&#231;&#227;o&#46;</p><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Na coleta de dados fez&#8208;se a avalia&#231;&#227;o do fr&#234;nulo lingual do beb&#234; e&#44; em seguida&#44; a observa&#231;&#227;o do seu desempenho na mamada em seio materno&#46; A coleta foi feita por uma pesquisadora e quando ela encontrava altera&#231;&#227;o no fr&#234;nulo e ou na mamada reavaliava com uma segunda pesquisadora para entrarem em consenso&#46; As duas pesquisadoras &#40;cirurgi&#227;s&#8208;dentistas&#41; foram previamente treinadas e calibradas&#46;</p><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Para avalia&#231;&#227;o do fr&#234;nulo lingual foi aplicado o Protocolo de Avalia&#231;&#227;o do Fr&#234;nulo Lingual para Beb&#234;s&#44; que permite verificar as caracter&#237;sticas anat&#244;micas do fr&#234;nulo da l&#237;ngua e as fun&#231;&#245;es de suc&#231;&#227;o e degluti&#231;&#227;o em beb&#234;s&#46; Esse protocolo &#233; dividido em Hist&#243;ria Cl&#237;nica&#44; Avalia&#231;&#227;o Anatomofuncional e Avalia&#231;&#227;o da Suc&#231;&#227;o N&#227;o Nutritiva e Nutritiva&#46; Tem pontua&#231;&#245;es independentes e pode ser aplicado por partes at&#233; o sexto m&#234;s de vida&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0210"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a> Como o presente estudo foi feito em rec&#233;m&#8208;nascidos durante sua interna&#231;&#227;o no Alojamento Conjunto&#44; optou&#8208;se pela aplica&#231;&#227;o do protocolo na modalidade de triagem neonatal<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0215"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a> &#40;cartilha&#41;&#44; que consistiu na aplica&#231;&#227;o apenas da Parte I do Protocolo &#40;Avalia&#231;&#227;o Anatomofuncional&#41;&#46; Na Avalia&#231;&#227;o Anatomofuncional observa&#8208;se&#58; postura de l&#225;bios em repouso&#59; tend&#234;ncia do posicionamento da l&#237;ngua durante o choro&#59; forma da ponta da l&#237;ngua quando elevada durante o choro&#59; e fr&#234;nulo da l&#237;ngua &#40;espessura&#44; fixa&#231;&#227;o na face sublingual&#44; fixa&#231;&#227;o no assoalho da boca&#41;&#46; Para an&#225;lise dos dados&#44; considerou&#8208;se como interfer&#234;ncia do fr&#234;nulo lingual nos movimentos da l&#237;ngua a pontua&#231;&#227;o maior ou igual a 7&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0210"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15&#44;16</span></a></p><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Outro protocolo usado para avaliar o fr&#234;nulo lingual foi o <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Bristol Tongue Assessment Tool</span> &#40;BTAT&#41;&#44; instrumento simples&#44; o qual apresenta escores e classifica&#231;&#227;o de gravidade do funcionamento da l&#237;ngua&#46; Ele &#233; composto por quatro aspectos para avalia&#231;&#227;o do fr&#234;nulo&#44; que s&#227;o&#58; apar&#234;ncia da ponta da l&#237;ngua&#59; fixa&#231;&#227;o do fr&#234;nulo no alv&#233;olo inferior&#59; eleva&#231;&#227;o da l&#237;ngua durante o choro com a boca aberta&#59; e protrus&#227;o da l&#237;ngua sobre a gengiva&#46; As pontua&#231;&#245;es para os quatro itens s&#227;o somadas&#44; podem variar de 0 a 8&#59; o escore de 0&#8208;3 indica redu&#231;&#227;o grave de fun&#231;&#227;o da l&#237;ngua&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0220"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a></p><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Dando seguimento&#44; foi aplicado o Protocolo de Avalia&#231;&#227;o e Observa&#231;&#227;o da Mamada do Unicef&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0225"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a> escolhido para avaliar o desempenho do bin&#244;mio m&#227;e&#47;beb&#234; no momento da amamenta&#231;&#227;o&#46; &#201; composto por cinco categorias&#44; aponta comportamentos favor&#225;veis e comportamentos indicativos de dificuldades no aleitamento materno&#44; aborda aspectos sobre posi&#231;&#227;o&#44; respostas&#44; estabelecimento de la&#231;os afetivos&#44; anatomia e suc&#231;&#227;o&#46; Neste estudo&#44; computou&#8208;se a frequ&#234;ncia de comportamentos desfavor&#225;veis para cada aspecto da mamada investigada e&#44; de acordo com o n&#250;mero de comportamentos negativos observados&#44; foram classificadas em escores &#40;bom&#44; regular e ruim&#41;&#44; conforme estudo de Carvalhaes et al &#40;2003&#41;&#44; como mostra a <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">tabela 1</a>&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0230"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19</span></a></p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os beb&#234;s que apresentaram altera&#231;&#227;o do fr&#234;nulo lingual e dificuldade durante a suc&#231;&#227;o foram submetidos &#224; frenotomia na primeira semana de vida&#44; retornaram ao servi&#231;o com uma semana e posteriormente com 30 dias para reavalia&#231;&#227;o&#46; Os beb&#234;s que apresentaram altera&#231;&#227;o do fr&#234;nulo sem dificuldade na amamenta&#231;&#227;o retornaram ao servi&#231;o com 30 dias e foram reavaliados pela pesquisadora&#46; No retorno&#44; todas as m&#227;es responderam as seguintes perguntas&#58; &#8220;A senhora est&#225; amamentando seu beb&#234;&#63;&#8221; &#8220;J&#225; ofereceu algum complemento alimentar ao seu filho&#63;&#8221; &#8220;Qual o motivo da complementa&#231;&#227;o&#63;&#8221;</p><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os resultados foram analisados estatisticamente com o programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences &#40;SPSS&#41;&#44; vers&#227;o 17&#46;0&#44; com an&#225;lises estat&#237;sticas descritivas e inferenciais&#46; Para verificar a associa&#231;&#227;o entre as vari&#225;veis fr&#234;nulo lingual e desempenho do rec&#233;m&#8208;nascido na mamada no seio materno foram usados os testes qui&#8208;quadrado de Pearson e exato de Fisher&#46; Em todas as an&#225;lises foi levado em considera&#231;&#227;o o n&#237;vel de signific&#226;ncia de 5&#37;&#46;</p><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comit&#234; de &#201;tica em Pesquisa com Seres Humanos do Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof&#46; Fernando Figueira &#40;IMIP&#41;&#44; de acordo com o parecer n&#176; 1&#46;066&#46;444&#44; de 13 de maio de 2015&#46; Cumpre esclarecer que participaram&#44; apenas&#44; os beb&#234;s cujas m&#227;es e&#47;ou respons&#225;veis aceitaram a participa&#231;&#227;o&#44; mediante a assinatura do Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido&#46; Foram assegurados o sigilo de suas identidades e o uso das informa&#231;&#245;es exclusivamente para fins de pesquisa&#46;</p><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Foram reexaminados pelas duas pesquisadoras 29 beb&#234;s para aferir a concord&#226;ncia interexaminador e usou&#8208;se o teste estat&#237;stico Kappa para an&#225;lise&#46; Os valores obtidos foram entre 0&#44;70 a 1&#44;0&#44; considerado um indicativo de &#243;tima concord&#226;ncia&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">Resultados</span><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Dos 449 bin&#244;mios m&#227;e&#47;beb&#234;&#44; 240 &#40;46&#44;5&#37;&#41; rec&#233;m&#8208;nascidos eram do sexo feminino&#44; por&#233;m com altera&#231;&#227;o no fr&#234;nulo a preval&#234;ncia maior &#40;64&#44;28&#37;&#41; foi no masculino&#46;A m&#233;dia da idade materna foi de 26 anos&#46; A maioria afirmou ter ensino m&#233;dio completo &#40;42&#44;5&#37;&#41; e 245 &#40;54&#44;6&#37;&#41; m&#227;es declararam&#8208;se pardas&#44; 279 &#40;62&#44;1&#37;&#41; procediam de outras cidades do Estado de Pernambuco e 173 &#40;38&#44;5&#37;&#41; tinham uma renda de um sal&#225;rio m&#237;nimo&#46;</p><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Foi encontrada compatibilidade quanto &#224; caracteriza&#231;&#227;o do fr&#234;nulo lingual entre os dois protocolos nos mesmos beb&#234;s&#46; De acordo com eles&#44; 14 &#40;3&#44;11&#37;&#41; beb&#234;s apresentaram altera&#231;&#227;o de fr&#234;nulo lingual&#46; Os resultados obtidos relativos aos aspectos anat&#244;micos&#44; quando foi usada a Avalia&#231;&#227;o Anatomofuncional do Protocolo de Avalia&#231;&#227;o do Fr&#234;nulo da L&#237;ngua&#44; est&#227;o descritos na <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">tabela 2</a>&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os dados obtidos demonstraram que a maioria dos RNs apresentou postura dos l&#225;bios fechados em repouso&#44; tend&#234;ncia do posicionamento da l&#237;ngua na linha m&#233;dia e forma da l&#237;ngua arredondada&#46; Quanto &#224; visualiza&#231;&#227;o do fr&#234;nulo lingual&#44; foi poss&#237;vel em 233 &#40;51&#44;9&#37;&#41; rec&#233;m&#8208;nascidos&#46;</p><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A maioria dos beb&#234;s tinha fr&#234;nulo lingual delgado&#44; fixado no ter&#231;o m&#233;dio da l&#237;ngua e vis&#237;veis a partir das car&#250;nculas sublinguais no assoalho da boca&#46;</p><p id="par0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os resultados obtidos a partir da aplica&#231;&#227;o do protocolo BTAT est&#227;o apresentados na <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">tabela 3</a>&#46; Segundo o protocolo&#44; a maioria dos beb&#234;s apresentou apar&#234;ncia da ponta da l&#237;ngua redonda&#44; eleva&#231;&#227;o completa da l&#237;ngua em dire&#231;&#227;o ao palato duro durante o choro e a l&#237;ngua podia ser protru&#237;da sobre o l&#225;bio inferior&#46; Quanto &#224; fixa&#231;&#227;o do fr&#234;nulo lingual&#44; a maioria tem fr&#234;nulo anexado no meio do assoalho da boca&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0015"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0125" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Quanto &#224; avalia&#231;&#227;o da mamada&#44; tamb&#233;m feita na triagem inicial na maternidade&#44; 409 &#40;91&#37;&#41; apresentaram o escore bom&#46; A maior causa de dificuldades durante a amamenta&#231;&#227;o foi a anatomia da mama da m&#227;e &#40;51&#44;3&#37;&#41;&#46; Dentre os 14 rec&#233;m&#8208;nascidos que apresentaram altera&#231;&#227;o de fr&#234;nulo lingual&#44; tr&#234;s apresentaram dificuldade durante a suc&#231;&#227;o&#44; necessitaram de frenotomia na primeira semana de vida&#46; Esses beb&#234;s retornaram ao servi&#231;o ap&#243;s uma semana&#44; como tamb&#233;m ap&#243;s 30 dias para reavalia&#231;&#227;o&#46; Os que n&#227;o foram submetidos retornaram com 30 dias e foram reavaliados pela pesquisadora&#46; No retorno&#44; todos os beb&#234;s mamavam exclusivamente&#46; E tiveram aumento de peso&#44; em m&#233;dia&#44; de 1&#44;100<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>kg&#46;</p><p id="par0130" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Houve associa&#231;&#227;o estatisticamente significativa entre o protocolo &#8220;Teste da Linguinha&#8221; e a qualidade da amamenta&#231;&#227;o &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;028&#41; e entre o protocolo BTAT e a qualidade da amamenta&#231;&#227;o &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;028&#41; &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0020">tabela 4</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0020"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0080">Discuss&#227;o</span><p id="par0135" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O presente estudo encontrou uma preval&#234;ncia de fr&#234;nulo alterado dentro do intervalo de varia&#231;&#227;o encontrado na literatura &#8211;0&#44;8&#37; a 12&#44;7&#37;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0190"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11&#8211;13&#44;20</span></a></p><p id="par0140" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Conforme descrito na literatura&#44; os meninos parecem ser mais afetados do que as meninas&#44; o que foi evidenciado na amostra estudada&#44; na qual foi predominantemente masculina&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0240"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21</span></a></p><p id="par0145" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">De acordo com um parecer t&#233;cnico&#8208;cient&#237;fico do Instituto de Sa&#250;de da Crian&#231;a de S&#227;o Paulo&#44; n&#227;o h&#225; evid&#234;ncia cient&#237;fica suficiente para se diagnosticar altera&#231;&#245;es no fr&#234;nulo e sua rela&#231;&#227;o com o aleitamento materno&#44; proposta no Protocolo de Avalia&#231;&#227;o do Fr&#234;nulo Lingual para Beb&#234;s&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0245"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a> O parecer informa ainda que n&#227;o existe um padr&#227;o&#8208;ouro para teste diagn&#243;stico da anquiloglossia&#46; Autores&#44; com o protocolo <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Bristol Tongue Assessment Tool</span> &#40;BTAT&#41;&#44; conclu&#237;ram que ele n&#227;o aponta resultados seguros para afirmar se crian&#231;as com &#8220;l&#237;ngua presa&#8221; apresentaram dificuldades na amamenta&#231;&#227;o&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0250"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23</span></a> Neste estudo&#44; os dois instrumentos usados&#44; Protocolo de Avalia&#231;&#227;o do Fr&#234;nulo da L&#237;ngua com Escores para Beb&#234;s e o BTAT&#44; foram eficazes para correlacionar amamenta&#231;&#227;o &#224;s caracter&#237;sticas do fr&#234;nulo lingual &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;028&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0150" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">&#201; poss&#237;vel encontrar diverg&#234;ncias na literatura a respeito da rela&#231;&#227;o entre o fr&#234;nulo lingual e o aleitamento materno&#46; Em uma revis&#227;o de literatura&#44; na qual crit&#233;rios de diagn&#243;stico e tratamento para anquiloglossia foram avaliados&#44; em 64 artigos analisados evidenciou&#8208;se que problemas de aleitamento materno em rec&#233;m&#8208;nascidos foram associados &#224; &#8220;l&#237;ngua presa&#8221;&#44; assim como encontrado nesta pesquisa&#44; por&#233;m n&#227;o foram feitos ensaios controlados suficientes para identificar uma op&#231;&#227;o de tratamento ideal&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0175"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a></p><p id="par0155" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A maioria dos beb&#234;s apresentou escore bom em rela&#231;&#227;o &#224; avalia&#231;&#227;o da mamada&#46; Isso pode ser justificado pelo fato de o IMIP ser um Hospital Amigo da Crian&#231;a&#44; no qual as pu&#233;rperas s&#227;o orientadas pela equipe de Neonatologia&#44; Banco de Leite Humano e Centro de Incentivo ao Aleitamento Materno &#40;BLH&#47;Ciama&#47;IMIP&#41; desde o nascimento do beb&#234;&#44; a fim de que a amamenta&#231;&#227;o seja estabelecida e mantida&#46;</p><p id="par0160" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A anquiloglossia &#233; uma causa reconhecida de dificuldade na amamenta&#231;&#227;o e&#44; se n&#227;o tratada&#44; pode causar dor e trauma no mamilo&#44; alimenta&#231;&#227;o ineficaz e baixo ganho de peso infantil&#46; Em alguns casos&#44; essa condi&#231;&#227;o pode resultar em uma baixa produ&#231;&#227;o de leite da m&#227;e&#46; O problema&#44; geralmente&#44; &#233; apresentado na primeira semana ap&#243;s o nascimento&#44; por&#233;m seu efeito na alimenta&#231;&#227;o &#233; dif&#237;cil de calibrar&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0255"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">24</span></a> Nesta pesquisa&#44; dos 14 beb&#234;s diagnosticados com anquiloglossia&#44; 11 n&#227;o tiveram dificuldades na amamenta&#231;&#227;o com o seguimento de 30 dias e foram acompanhados&#46; Apenas tr&#234;s apresentaram algum comportamento negativo na avalia&#231;&#227;o da mamada&#44; o que comprometeu a efic&#225;cia da amamenta&#231;&#227;o&#59; nesses&#44; foi verificada perda de peso e diante dessas dificuldades foram feitas frenotomias na primeira semana de vida&#46;</p><p id="par0165" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Vale ressaltar neste estudo a import&#226;ncia da avalia&#231;&#227;o do fr&#234;nulo junto com a avalia&#231;&#227;o da mamada e a ocorr&#234;ncia de interfer&#234;ncia na amamenta&#231;&#227;o&#44; como tamb&#233;m perda de peso&#44; para justificar a interven&#231;&#227;o cir&#250;rgica nas primeiras semanas de vida&#46; Essas&#44; quando foram feitas&#44; ofereceram melhoria na suc&#231;&#227;o nutritiva dos beb&#234;s e relato de maior conforto no momento da amamenta&#231;&#227;o&#46;</p><p id="par0170" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Autores conclu&#237;ram&#44; em sua pesquisa&#44; que a frenotomia &#233; um procedimento seguro e r&#225;pido&#44; com baixa morbidade&#44; que melhora os resultados da amamenta&#231;&#227;o&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; a frenotomia feita em idade precoce resulta em melhores resultados em termos de amamenta&#231;&#227;o&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0260"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">25</span></a> Em uma revis&#227;o sistem&#225;tica&#44; um pequeno corpo de evid&#234;ncias sugere que a frenotomia pode estar associada a melhorias relatadas pela m&#227;e na amamenta&#231;&#227;o e&#44; potencialmente&#44; na dor mamilar&#44; mas com pequenos estudos de curto prazo com metodologia inconsistente&#44; a for&#231;a da evid&#234;ncia &#233; baixa e insuficiente&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0265"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">26</span></a> Em outra revis&#227;o sistem&#225;tica&#44; que consistiu em cinco estudos cl&#237;nicos randomizados e oito estudos de casos&#44; os autores conclu&#237;ram que a frenotomia favorece a amamenta&#231;&#227;o em longo prazo em mais de 50&#37; dos casos&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0270"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">27</span></a></p><p id="par0175" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Ainda n&#227;o existe consenso na literatura a respeito da efic&#225;cia da frenotomia para o tratamento de anquiloglossia em lactentes&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0245"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a> A import&#226;ncia da equipe multidisciplinar nesse processo &#233; de extrema import&#226;ncia&#44; contribui para o diagn&#243;stico de poss&#237;veis altera&#231;&#245;es no fr&#234;nulo&#44; na mamada e na tomada de decis&#245;es&#44; evita o desmame precoce e poss&#237;veis altera&#231;&#245;es no sistema estomatogn&#225;tico&#46;</p><p id="par0180" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">De acordo com o estudo foi poss&#237;vel concluir que altera&#231;&#245;es no fr&#234;nulo lingual est&#227;o associadas a interfer&#234;ncias na qualidade da amamenta&#231;&#227;o&#44; o que torna a avalia&#231;&#227;o do fr&#234;nulo lingual em rec&#233;m&#8208;nascidos um ponto importante&#46; Estudos longitudinais s&#227;o sugeridos para melhoria de evid&#234;ncias cient&#237;ficas que contribuir&#227;o para o refor&#231;o e incentivo da amamenta&#231;&#227;o exclusiva nos seis primeiros meses de vida&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0085">Conflitos de interesse</span><p id="par0185" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os autores declaram n&#227;o haver conflitos de interesse&#46;</p></span></span>"
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            0 => "Lingual frenulum"
            1 => "Ankyloglossia"
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            0 => "Freio lingual"
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        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Objective</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To characterize the lingual frenulum of full&#8208;term newborns using two different protocols and to assess the association of the lingual frenulum with breastfeeding&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Methods</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">This non&#8208;probabilistic sample consisted of 449<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mother&#47;baby binomials&#46; For the anatomo&#8208;functional evaluation of the frenulum&#44; the Neonatal Tongue Screening Test and the Bristol Tongue Assessment Tool were used for the evaluation of the lingual frenulum&#46; Breastfeeding was evaluated using the protocol proposed by UNICEF&#46; Scores were created &#40;good&#44; fair&#44; poor&#41; to evaluate every aspect of the breastfeeding to be observed&#46; The results were analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics and association tests &#40;Pearson&#39;s chi&#8208;squared and Fisher&#39;s exact test&#41;&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Results</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The study showed that 14 babies had a lingual frenulum alteration&#44; of whom three had difficulties during suction&#44; requiring frenotomy in the first week of life&#44; whereas 11 had no difficulties during breastfeeding&#46; Regarding the breastfeeding evaluation&#44; 410<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mother&#47;baby binomials had good&#44; 36 regular&#44; and three had bad scores&#46; There was a statistically significant association between the tongue&#8208;tie test protocol and breastfeeding &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;028&#41; and between the Bristol Tongue Assessment Tool protocol and breastfeeding &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;028&#41;&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Conclusion</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Alterations in the lingual frenulum are associated with interferences in the quality of breastfeeding and thus&#44; evaluation of the lingual frenulum in newborns is important&#46;</p></span>"
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        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Objetivo</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Caracterizar o fr&#234;nulo lingual de rec&#233;m&#8208;nascidos a termo&#44; utilizando dois protocolos diferentes e verificar a rela&#231;&#227;o do fr&#234;nulo lingual com o aleitamento materno&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">M&#233;todo</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A amostra n&#227;o probabil&#237;stica foi constitu&#237;da por 449 bin&#244;mios m&#227;e&#47;beb&#234;&#46; Para a avalia&#231;&#227;o anatomofuncional do fr&#234;nulo&#44; utilizou-se o protocolo de avalia&#231;&#227;o do fr&#234;nulo lingual para beb&#234;s &#8220;Teste da Linguinha&#8221; e o <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Bristol Tongue Assessment Tool</span>&#46; A mamada foi avaliada com o protocolo proposto pelo UNICEF&#46; Foram criados escores &#40;bom&#44; regular&#44; ruim&#41; para avaliar cada aspecto da mamada a ser observada&#46; Os resultados foram analisados atrav&#233;s de estat&#237;sticas descritivas e inferenciais e testes de associa&#231;&#227;o &#40;Qui&#8208;quadrado de Pearson e Exato de Fisher&#41;&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Resultados</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">O estudo mostrou que 14 beb&#234;s apresentaram altera&#231;&#227;o de fr&#234;nulo lingual&#44; nos quais tr&#234;s com dificuldade durante a suc&#231;&#227;o&#44; necessitando de frenotomia na primeira semana de vida e 11 sem dificuldades durante a amamenta&#231;&#227;o&#46; Quanto &#224; avalia&#231;&#227;o da mamada&#44; 410 bin&#244;mios m&#227;e&#47;beb&#234; apresentaram o escore bom&#44; 36 regular e 3 ruim&#46; Houve associa&#231;&#227;o estatisticamente significativa entre o protocolo &#8220;Teste da Linguinha&#8221; e amamenta&#231;&#227;o &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;028&#41; e entre o protocolo <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Bristol Tongue Assessment Tool</span> e amamenta&#231;&#227;o &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;028&#41;&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Conclus&#227;o</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Altera&#231;&#245;es no fr&#234;nulo lingual est&#227;o associadas a interfer&#234;ncias na qualidade da amamenta&#231;&#227;o&#44; sendo importante a avalia&#231;&#227;o do fr&#234;nulo lingual em rec&#233;m&#8208;nascidos&#46;</p></span>"
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            "identificador" => "abst0035"
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          3 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0040"
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    "NotaPie" => array:1 [
      0 => array:2 [
        "etiqueta" => "&#9734;"
        "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0015">Como citar este artigo&#58; Araujo MC&#44; Freitas RL&#44; Lima MG&#44; Kozmhinsky VM&#44; Guerra CA&#44; Lima GM&#44; et al&#46; Evaluation of the lingual frenulum in newborns using two protocols and its association with breastfeeding&#46; J Pediatr &#40;Rio J&#41;&#46; 2020&#59;96&#58;379&#8211;85&#46;</p>"
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Bom&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">05&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#8208;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">2&#8208;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">4&#8208;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">06&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#8208;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">2&#8208;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">4&#8208;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Adequa&#231;&#227;o da suc&#231;&#227;o&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">06&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#8208;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">2&#8208;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">4&#8208;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">04&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">2&#8208;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">03&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Aspectos anat&#244;micos&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">n&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">54&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">12&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">282&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">153&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">34&#44;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Na linha m&#233;dia com eleva&#231;&#227;o nas laterais&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Baixa&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Formato de cora&#231;&#227;o&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Delgado&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Entre o ter&#231;o m&#233;dio e o &#225;pice&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>No &#225;pice&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">14&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">3&#44;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">423&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">95&#44;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Anexado na parte superior&#92;topo da gengiva&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Anexado na face interna da gengiva&#92;atr&#225;s&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">25&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">5&#44;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Anexado no meio do assoalho da boca&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">423&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">94&#44;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Eleva&#231;&#227;o da l&#237;ngua durante o choro com a boca aberta</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Eleva&#231;&#227;o m&#237;nima&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Eleva&#231;&#227;o apenas das bordas da l&#237;ngua em dire&#231;&#227;o ao palato duro&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Eleva&#231;&#227;o completa da l&#237;ngua em dire&#231;&#227;o ao palato duro&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">435&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">96&#44;8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Protrus&#227;o da l&#237;ngua sobre a gengiva</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Ponta da l&#237;ngua atr&#225;s da gengiva&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Ponta da l&#237;ngua sobre a gengiva&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">10&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#44;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Ponta da l&#237;ngua pode se estender sobre o l&#225;bio inferior&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">435&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">96&#44;8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">n&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">n&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">p valor&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Anatamofuncional &#40;TL&#41;</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Fr&#234;nulo interfere nos movimentos da l&#237;ngua&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;028<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Fr&#234;nulo n&#227;o interfere nos movimentos da l&#237;ngua&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">400&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">92&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">32&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">7&#44;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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