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t&#227;o decisivo que poderia evitar a morte de mais de 800&#46;000 crian&#231;as menores de cinco anos por ano&#46; No entanto&#44; dados mostram que n&#227;o mais do que 37&#37; das crian&#231;as em todo o mundo s&#227;o amamentadas exclusivamente durante os primeiros seis meses&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0270"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4&#44;5</span></a> Ainda&#44; a longa dura&#231;&#227;o da amamenta&#231;&#227;o tamb&#233;m contribui para a sa&#250;de e o bem&#8208;estar das m&#227;es&#44; reduz o risco de c&#226;ncer de ov&#225;rio e de mama e ajuda a evitar uma gravidez nesse per&#237;odo&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0275"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a></p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A literatura destaca as consequ&#234;ncias imediatas e as de longo prazo relacionadas &#224; interrup&#231;&#227;o precoce do aleitamento materno exclusivo e &#224; curta dura&#231;&#227;o do aleitamento materno&#46; Essas pr&#225;ticas inadequadas podem estar associadas ao sobrepeso e &#224; obesidade na inf&#226;ncia e tamb&#233;m ao baixo peso em crian&#231;as menores de cinco anos&#44; uma das principais causas de morte no mundo&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0260"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2&#44;6&#8211;8</span></a></p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">As pr&#225;ticas de aleitamento materno &#40;PAM&#41;&#44; tais como a decis&#227;o de iniciar ou n&#227;o a amamenta&#231;&#227;o&#44; ofertar o leite materno ou alimentar com f&#243;rmulas infantis&#44; assim como o tempo de sua dura&#231;&#227;o&#44; podem ser influenciadas por muitos fatores&#44; como o peso ao nascer&#59; a idade materna&#59; o n&#237;vel de escolaridade&#59; o <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">status</span> socioecon&#244;mico&#59; a renda&#59; o estresse e os sintomas depressivos maternos&#59; o apoio social&#59; a rede social&#59; os estilos de alimenta&#231;&#227;o dos pais e o pr&#243;prio ambiente em que se vive&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0295"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9&#8211;12</span></a></p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Estudos mostram ainda que&#44; em ambientes dom&#233;sticos violentos&#44; a qualidade da maternagem e a habilidade de ambos os pais de lidar com as necessidades da crian&#231;a s&#227;o comprometidas&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0315"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13&#8211;15</span></a> Consequentemente&#44; a capacidade de cuidados com a alimenta&#231;&#227;o da crian&#231;a tamb&#233;m &#233; afetada&#46;</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A viol&#234;ncia entre parceiros &#237;ntimos &#40;VPI&#41; &#233; definida como o uso intencional de for&#231;a f&#237;sica&#44; abuso emocional e sexual ou uso de poder contra um parceiro &#237;ntimo e vem sendo apontada em recentes estudos como mais um fator associado &#224;s pr&#225;ticas inadequadas de aleitamento materno&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0330"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16&#44;l7</span></a></p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A literatura sobre o tema ainda &#233; escassa e os resultados das investiga&#231;&#245;es s&#227;o contradit&#243;rios&#46; Alguns estudos mostram que h&#225; associa&#231;&#227;o entre VPI e aleitamento materno&#44; j&#225; outros n&#227;o encontram associa&#231;&#245;es estatisticamente significativas&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0330"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16&#8211;19</span></a> Problemas nas metodologias empregadas nos estudos podem ser uma explica&#231;&#227;o para esses resultados discrepantes&#46; No entanto&#44; para um melhor entendimento da rela&#231;&#227;o entre VPI e amamenta&#231;&#227;o e para a implanta&#231;&#227;o de novas pesquisas&#44; &#233; preciso aprofundar o conhecimento desse fen&#244;meno&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0345"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19&#8211;22</span></a></p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Assim&#44; o objetivo desta revis&#227;o sistem&#225;tica foi avaliar evid&#234;ncias existentes sobre a associa&#231;&#227;o da viol&#234;ncia entre parceiros &#237;ntimos e as pr&#225;ticas do aleitamento materno durante o primeiro ano de vida da crian&#231;a&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0070">M&#233;todo</span><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Este estudo foi baseado no <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Guidelines for Meta&#8208;Analyses and Systematic Reviews of Observational Studies</span> &#40;Moose&#41; e os procedimentos para revis&#245;es sistem&#225;ticas pelo <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Systematic Reviews by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta&#8208;Analyses</span> &#40;Prisma&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0365"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23&#44;24</span></a> Esta revis&#227;o n&#227;o est&#225; registrada em qualquer base de dados de revis&#227;o sistem&#225;tica&#46;</p><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">Crit&#233;rio de elegibilidade</span><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os trabalhos inclu&#237;dos nesta revis&#227;o foram limitados a estudos observacionais originais que avaliaram a associa&#231;&#227;o entre VPI e as PAM&#46; Artigos que se concentraram em grupos populacionais especiais&#44; como aqueles com HIV e transtornos alimentares&#44; n&#227;o foram inclu&#237;dos nesta revis&#227;o&#46; Foram exclu&#237;dos trabalhos que n&#227;o avaliassem&#44; por medidas de associa&#231;&#227;o&#44; a associa&#231;&#227;o da VPI e as PAM&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0080">Defini&#231;&#227;o e mensura&#231;&#227;o da exposi&#231;&#227;o &#40;VPI&#41;</span><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Esta revis&#227;o considerou diferentes formas de VPI&#44; inclusive a viol&#234;ncia f&#237;sica&#59; viol&#234;ncia emocional&#59; viol&#234;ncia sexual ou qualquer combina&#231;&#227;o das tr&#234;s formas&#46; Considerou a viol&#234;ncia de um homem para uma mulher&#44; bem como de uma mulher para um homem&#46; Os per&#237;odos considerados para a mensura&#231;&#227;o da VPI foram&#58; durante a gesta&#231;&#227;o atual&#44; durante gesta&#231;&#245;es anteriores&#44; no per&#237;odo p&#243;s&#8208;parto&#44; na rela&#231;&#227;o atual&#44; em relacionamentos anteriores&#44; em qualquer momento da vida e&#47;ou no ano anterior &#224; entrevista&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0085">Defini&#231;&#227;o e mensura&#231;&#227;o do desfecho &#8211; Pr&#225;ticas de aleitamento materno &#40;PAM&#41;</span><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">As pr&#225;ticas de aleitamento materno consideradas para esta revis&#227;o foram&#58; inten&#231;&#227;o de amamentar&#44; quando a mulher manifestou interesse em ofertar o leite materno ainda durante a gesta&#231;&#227;o&#59; in&#237;cio do aleitamento materno&#44; ou seja&#44; se a m&#227;e ofereceu o leite materno no p&#243;s&#8208;parto&#59; aleitamento materno exclusivo&#44; definido como somente a oferta de leite materno &#224; crian&#231;a&#59; dura&#231;&#227;o do aleitamento materno&#44; expresso em dias ou meses em que o leite materno foi oferecido &#224; crian&#231;a&#59; interrup&#231;&#227;o precoce do aleitamento materno exclusivo&#44; quando&#44; al&#233;m do leite materno&#44; outros l&#237;quidos e&#47;ou alimentos s&#227;o oferecidos a uma crian&#231;a anteriormente aos seis meses&#59; aleitamento materno predominante quando a crian&#231;a recebe&#44; al&#233;m do leite materno&#44; l&#237;quidos a base de &#225;gua&#44; tais como &#225;gua&#44; ch&#225;s e sucos&#59; e outras pr&#225;ticas relacionadas ao aleitamento materno investigadas pelos estudos&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0375"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">25</span></a></p></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0090">Estrat&#233;gia de pesquisa</span><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Foram usadas para as buscas cinco bases de dados&#44; Medline&#44; Lilacs&#44; Scopus&#44; PsycoINFO e Science Direct&#46; A busca foi feita em fevereiro de 2017&#46; Os <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">MeSH</span> Termos &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">domestic violence OR spouse abuse OR intimate partner violence&#41; AND &#40;breast feeding OR breastfeeding OR Milk&#44; Human</span>&#41; foram combinados com filtros para estudos observacionais&#46; Nenhuma restri&#231;&#227;o de idioma ou data para a inclus&#227;o foi aplicada&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0095">Crit&#233;rios de sele&#231;&#227;o</span><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Ap&#243;s a remo&#231;&#227;o de duplicatas&#44; a sele&#231;&#227;o dos t&#237;tulos e resumos foi feita por dois pesquisadores &#40;MR e FM&#41; de forma independente para avaliar registros completos&#44; seguiu uma estrat&#233;gia de pesquisa previamente estabelecida</p></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0100">Extra&#231;&#227;o de dados</span><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os dados foram extra&#237;dos de forma independente por dois autores &#40;MR e FM&#41; com um formul&#225;rio de coleta de dados de acordo com os crit&#233;rios do Prisma&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0370"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">24</span></a> Os itens extra&#237;dos de cada artigo foram compilados em uma tabela no programa Excel &#40;Microsoft&#174;&#44; WA&#44; EUA&#41; e inclu&#237;ram pa&#237;s&#44; ano de publica&#231;&#227;o&#44; desenho do estudo&#44; vari&#225;veis de exposi&#231;&#227;o e de desfecho e instrumentos de coleta de dados&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0105">Suscetibilidade a vieses</span><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A suscetibilidade a vieses foi avaliada com um formul&#225;rio padr&#227;o para avalia&#231;&#227;o de estudos observacionais especificamente desenvolvido para esta revis&#227;o&#46; Uma lista de itens individuais incluiu an&#225;lise das PAM&#44; an&#225;lise da VPI e instrumentos para a mensura&#231;&#227;o da VPI e das PAM&#46; Al&#233;m desses&#44; foram avaliados&#58; controle por vari&#225;veis de confus&#227;o&#44; crit&#233;rios de elegibilidade para os participantes&#44; crit&#233;rios de inclus&#227;o e exclus&#227;o&#44; tamanho da amostra&#44; perdas e causalidade reversa para artigos seccionais&#46; O formul&#225;rio foi desenvolvido com base nos crit&#233;rios do <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology</span> &#40;Strobe&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0380"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">26</span></a> e na literatura&#44; com o objetivo principal de avaliar a validade externa e interna dos diferentes tipos de estudos inclu&#237;dos nesta revis&#227;o&#46;</p><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">As respostas aos itens &#8220;sim&#8221; &#40;&#43;&#41; ou &#8220;n&#227;o&#8221; &#40;&#8208;&#41; indicaram que as informa&#231;&#245;es foram ou n&#227;o consideradas&#44; respectivamente&#59; &#8220;parcialmente&#8221; &#40;&#43;&#47;&#41; foi considerado quando parte do crit&#233;rio foi cumprido e &#40;&#63;&#41; foi usado quando a informa&#231;&#227;o n&#227;o era suficientemente clara&#46;</p></span></span><span id="sec0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0110">Resultados</span><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A pesquisa resultou em 239 artigos&#46; Ap&#243;s a exclus&#227;o das duplicatas&#44; foram selecionados 132 para a leitura dos t&#237;tulos e resumos&#46; Posteriormente&#44; foram escolhidos 20 para leitura na totalidade&#46; Foram identificados para inclus&#227;o na revis&#227;o 12 estudos&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0330"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16&#8211;19&#44;27&#8211;34</span></a> A <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">figura 1</a> mostra o diagrama de fluxo do processo de sele&#231;&#227;o do estudo&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">As caracter&#237;sticas gerais dos artigos inclu&#237;dos nesta revis&#227;o s&#227;o apresentadas na <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">tabela 1</a>&#46; Dos estudos inclu&#237;dos na revis&#227;o final&#44; dez foram de corte seccional&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0335"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17&#8211;19&#44;27&#8211;32&#44;34</span></a> um de caso&#8208;controle<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0330"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a> e apenas um estudo de coorte prospectiva&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0415"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">33</span></a> Os estudos foram publicados entre 2001 e 2017&#46; A idade das crian&#231;as estudadas variou entre dois dias e seis meses&#46; Quatro estudos foram feitos nos Estados Unidos&#44; dois na &#205;ndia&#44; dois no Brasil&#44; um na China&#44; um na Austr&#225;lia&#44; um em oito pa&#237;ses da &#193;frica &#40;Qu&#234;nia&#44; Tanz&#226;nia&#44; Gana&#44; Lib&#233;ria&#44; Nig&#233;ria&#44; Malawi&#44; Z&#226;mbia&#44; Zimbabwe&#41; e um em Bangladesh&#46; O tamanho da amostra dos estudos variou de 212 a 118&#46;579 participantes&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A VPI foi investigada de diferentes formas dentre os estudos&#46; Seis estudos investigaram a viol&#234;ncia f&#237;sica&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0335"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17&#44;19&#44;30&#44;31&#44;33&#44;34</span></a> Tr&#234;s&#44; a viol&#234;ncia sexual<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0400"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">30&#44;31&#44;34</span></a> e dois avaliaram a viol&#234;ncia emocional&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0405"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31&#44;34</span></a> Os sete restantes consideraram a experi&#234;ncia de viol&#234;ncia&#44; ou seja&#44; ter sido v&#237;tima de agress&#227;o&#44; seja ela f&#237;sica&#44; sexual ou emocional&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0330"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16&#44;18&#44;27&#8211;30&#44;32</span></a> Somente um artigo abordou a mulher como perpetradora da viol&#234;ncia&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0395"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">29</span></a></p><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Entre os estudos inclu&#237;dos na revis&#227;o&#44; dois estudos analisaram a inten&#231;&#227;o de amamentar&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0390"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">28&#44;29</span></a> dois examinaram o in&#237;cio da amamenta&#231;&#227;o&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0340"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18&#44;31</span></a> tr&#234;s avaliaram a oferta do leite materno&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0330"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16&#44;17&#44;32</span></a> oito analisaram o aleitamento materno exclusivo<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0335"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17&#44;19&#44;27&#44;28&#44;30&#44;31&#44;33&#44;34</span></a> e dois examinaram a dura&#231;&#227;o do aleitamento materno&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0330"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16&#44;28</span></a></p><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Para avaliar as pr&#225;ticas de aleitamento materno&#44; a maioria dos estudos &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>10&#41; usou algum tipo de registro ou recordat&#243;rio de consumo alimentar &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">tabela 1</a>&#44; coluna 11&#41;&#46;</p><span id="sec0055" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0115">Associa&#231;&#227;o entre VPI e PAM</span><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os resultados globais desta revis&#227;o sistem&#225;tica s&#227;o apresentados na <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">tabela 2</a>&#46; A VPI foi associada significativamente com&#58; uma menor chance de inten&#231;&#227;o de amamentar em um estudo&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0395"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">29</span></a> a interrup&#231;&#227;o precoce do aleitamento materno exclusivo em seis estudos&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0345"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19&#44;28&#44;30&#44;31&#44;33&#44;34</span></a> menor chance de iniciar o aleitamento materno<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0340"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18&#44;31</span></a> e com a curta dura&#231;&#227;o do aleitamento materno&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0390"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">28</span></a> Resultados contradit&#243;rios foram observados em um estudo feito por Misch &#38; Yount<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0405"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a> em diferentes pa&#237;ses da &#193;frica&#46; A VPI f&#237;sica na Tanz&#226;nia e a VPI sexual na Z&#226;mbia foram associadas com o in&#237;cio precoce do aleitamento materno &#40;oferta do leite materno na primeira hora ap&#243;s o parto&#41; &#40;OR 0&#44;47&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;042&#41; e com maiores chances da pr&#225;tica do aleitamento materno exclusivo &#40;OR 0&#44;40&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;025&#41;&#44; respectivamente &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">tabela 2</a>&#44; colunas 3 e 5&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Cinco estudos n&#227;o observaram associa&#231;&#227;o significativa entre VPI e PAM&#46; A viol&#234;ncia f&#237;sica n&#227;o foi significativamente associada &#224; oferta de leite materno&#44; &#224; inicia&#231;&#227;o do aleitamento materno e &#224; interrup&#231;&#227;o precoce do aleitamento materno exclusivo&#59;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0335"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17&#44;31</span></a> a viol&#234;ncia emocional n&#227;o foi associada ao in&#237;cio e &#224; interrup&#231;&#227;o precoce da amamenta&#231;&#227;o exclusiva <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0405"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a> e a experi&#234;ncia de algum tipo de viol&#234;ncia n&#227;o foi associada &#224; oferta de leite materno&#44; &#224; dura&#231;&#227;o da amamenta&#231;&#227;o e &#224; interrup&#231;&#227;o precoce da amamenta&#231;&#227;o exclusiva&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0330"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16&#44;27&#44;32</span></a></p></span><span id="sec0060" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0120">Suscetibilidade a vieses</span><p id="par0125" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">tabela 3</a> fornece uma descri&#231;&#227;o individual da suscetibilidade a vieses para cada estudo&#46; Para a vari&#225;vel PAM&#44; nove estudos descreveram como essa vari&#225;vel foi categorizada e analisada&#46; Apenas seis estudos usaram o m&#233;todo recordat&#243;rio de 24 horas para mencionar a oferta de leite materno&#44; inicia&#231;&#227;o&#44; interrup&#231;&#227;o precoce da amamenta&#231;&#227;o exclusiva e&#47;ou dura&#231;&#227;o da amamenta&#231;&#227;o&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0345"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19&#44;30&#44;31&#44;33&#44;34</span></a></p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0015"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0130" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Em rela&#231;&#227;o &#224; VPI&#44; nove estudos mostraram claramente como a vari&#225;vel foi categorizada e as formas de viol&#234;ncia abordadas separadamente&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0335"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17&#44;19&#44;31&#8211;34</span></a> Para medir a VPI&#44; seis estudos usaram instrumentos validados completos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0340"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18&#44;19&#44;30&#44;32&#8211;34</span></a> e dois usaram a CTS&#8208;2 reduzida ou adaptada&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0400"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">30&#44;31</span></a> Os outros demais estudos usaram medidas diferentes&#44; por exemplo&#44; fizeram perguntas relacionadas &#224; vari&#225;vel viol&#234;ncia<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0335"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17&#44;27&#8211;29</span></a> &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">tabela 1</a>&#44; coluna 8&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0135" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Dos oito artigos que usaram um instrumento validado&#44; seis encontraram uma associa&#231;&#227;o significativa entre o VPI e as PAM&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0340"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18&#44;19&#44;30&#44;31&#44;33&#44;34</span></a></p><p id="par0140" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A qualidade variou entre os estudos e seis foram classificados como baixa suscetibilidade ao vi&#233;s &#40;cumpriram com 60&#37; ou mais dos crit&#233;rios estabelecidos&#41; a partir dos itens julgados&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0340"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18&#44;19&#44;30&#44;31&#44;33&#44;34</span></a></p></span></span><span id="sec0065" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0125">Discuss&#227;o</span><p id="par0145" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Esta revis&#227;o apontou evid&#234;ncias de que a VPI est&#225; associada com PAM desfavor&#225;veis&#44; observada em oito dos 12 estudos inclu&#237;dos&#46; Resultados como a menor inten&#231;&#227;o de amamentar&#44; baixa probabilidade de inicia&#231;&#227;o ao aleitamento materno e de amamenta&#231;&#227;o exclusiva durante os primeiros seis meses de vida da crian&#231;a e a maior chance de interrup&#231;&#227;o do aleitamento materno exclusivo est&#227;o presentes entre casais nos quais existe a viol&#234;ncia f&#237;sica&#44; sexual e&#47;ou emocional&#46; Os resultados do &#250;nico estudo prospectivo mostram que os filhos de mulheres que sofreram viol&#234;ncia f&#237;sica estavam em maior risco de interrup&#231;&#227;o precoce da amamenta&#231;&#227;o exclusiva&#44; tanto no segundo m&#234;s de vida como no m&#234;s seguinte&#44; mesmo ap&#243;s o controle de poss&#237;veis fatores de confus&#227;o&#46; No entanto&#44; outros estudos n&#227;o observaram associa&#231;&#227;o significativa entre VPI e PAM&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; no estudo de Misch &#38; Yount &#40;2014&#41;&#44; a exposi&#231;&#227;o materna &#224; VPI relacionou&#8208;se significativamente com o in&#237;cio da amamenta&#231;&#227;o precoce e a amamenta&#231;&#227;o exclusiva&#46;</p><p id="par0150" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Conceitualmente&#44; os poss&#237;veis caminhos dessas rela&#231;&#245;es s&#227;o complexos e ainda n&#227;o est&#227;o totalmente estabelecidos&#46; Com base na literatura&#44; pode&#8208;se especular sobre essas associa&#231;&#245;es em ambas as dire&#231;&#245;es&#46; Por um lado&#44; os caminhos de efetua&#231;&#227;o podem ser usados para explicar que a viol&#234;ncia pode aumentar as chances de comportamentos de risco &#40;abuso de &#225;lcool e drogas&#44; por exemplo&#41; e a probabilidade de um resultado adverso &#224; sa&#250;de&#44; inclusive pr&#225;ticas inadequadas de alimenta&#231;&#227;o infantil&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0345"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19&#44;35</span></a> Ainda&#44; a viol&#234;ncia pode ter repercuss&#245;es no estado emocional da m&#227;e e&#44; consequentemente&#44; na sua disponibilidade para cuidar ou se relacionar com as crian&#231;as e interagir com elas &#8211; qualidade da maternidade&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0400"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">30&#44;36</span></a> Al&#233;m disso&#44; Klingelhafer &#40;2007&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0435"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">37</span></a> e Dignam &#40;1995&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0440"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">38</span></a> sugerem que alguns parceiros acreditam que exista diferen&#231;a na rela&#231;&#227;o das suas esposas com eles e delas com a crian&#231;a durante o per&#237;odo de amamenta&#231;&#227;o&#46; Os companheiros podem considerar os seios da m&#227;e como pertencentes a eles e&#44; portanto&#44; n&#227;o est&#227;o preparados para compartilh&#225;&#8208;los com o beb&#234;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0445"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">39</span></a> De acordo com Dignam &#40;1995&#41;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0440"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">38</span></a> a amamenta&#231;&#227;o proporciona uma troca &#237;ntima entre m&#227;e e filho&#44; traz harmonia&#44; proximidade emocional&#44; pele sens&#237;vel ao toque e reciprocidade&#46; Essa rela&#231;&#227;o acaba por excluir o parceiro que pode ver a crian&#231;a como um concorrente da aten&#231;&#227;o da mulher&#44; e assim&#44; ele desencoraja a amamenta&#231;&#227;o e assume uma atitude agressiva em rela&#231;&#227;o &#224; m&#227;e e ao rec&#233;m&#8208;nascido&#46; Por outro lado&#44; Levandovsky et al&#46; &#40;2003&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0450"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">40</span></a> sugerem a possibilidade de uma &#8220;hip&#243;tese compensat&#243;ria&#8221; sob a qual mulheres maltratadas tentam compensar a viol&#234;ncia dando mais aten&#231;&#227;o e responsividade &#224; crian&#231;a&#46; Na mesma dire&#231;&#227;o&#44; um estudo de Kelly &#40;2009&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0455"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">41</span></a> com m&#227;es hisp&#226;nicas residentes nos Estados Unidos mostrou que as mulheres maltratadas priorizam&#44; protegem e cuidam de seus filhos em situa&#231;&#245;es de viol&#234;ncia&#46;</p><p id="par0155" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Outros estudos mostram que o apoio dos parceiros durante a amamenta&#231;&#227;o &#233; um fator significativo no sucesso das mulheres com o aleitamento&#46; No entanto&#44; o apoio dos parceiros &#233; menos prov&#225;vel de ocorrer em uma rela&#231;&#227;o abusiva&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0460"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">42</span></a> As mulheres que durante os per&#237;odos pr&#233;&#8208;natal e p&#243;s&#8208;parto se sentem mais apoiadas pelos seus parceiros&#44; t&#234;m mais confian&#231;a e autoestima e&#44; portanto&#44; s&#227;o mais propensas a iniciar e manter a amamenta&#231;&#227;o&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0390"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">28&#44;29&#44;31</span></a></p><p id="par0160" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Adiciona&#8208;se a aus&#234;ncia de estudos que investigassem a viol&#234;ncia perpetrada pelas mulheres&#46; Exceto por um estudo&#44; a viol&#234;ncia entre parceiros &#237;ntimos foi investigada em algum momento da vida da mulher&#44; no relacionamento anterior ou atual e&#47;ou durante gesta&#231;&#227;o e suas consequ&#234;ncias nas PAM&#44; observou&#8208;se&#44; por tanto&#44; uma lacuna sobre o conhecimento desse aspecto no que diz respeito ao comportamento da mulher como perpetradora da viol&#234;ncia e suas implica&#231;&#245;es&#46;</p><p id="par0165" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Em geral&#44; quanto &#224; susceptibilidade a vieses&#44; quatro estudos receberam uma avalia&#231;&#227;o negativa&#44; o que pode afetar a validade dos resultados desses estudos&#46; Esses poss&#237;veis vieses incluem o uso de ferramentas para identificar as pr&#225;ticas de aleitamento materno&#44; as categorias de viol&#234;ncia emocional com an&#225;lise f&#237;sica e sexual em conjunto&#44; o uso de instrumentos n&#227;o validados para medir a exposi&#231;&#227;o e o desfecho e o ajuste da an&#225;lise sem considerar vari&#225;veis de confus&#227;o relacionadas &#224; exposi&#231;&#227;o e ao desfecho&#46;</p><p id="par0170" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A maioria dos estudos inclu&#237;dos na presente revis&#227;o mediu as PAM atrav&#233;s de recordat&#243;rios de 24 horas &#40;medi&#231;&#227;o circunstancial&#41;&#46; Nessa perspectiva&#44; pode ser inapropriado avaliar&#44; por exemplo&#44; a dura&#231;&#227;o do aleitamento materno exclusivo&#44; uma vez que esse m&#233;todo se destina a fornecer um cen&#225;rio de pr&#225;ticas atuais&#46; Assim como&#44; em estudo observado por Greiner &#40;2014&#41;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0465"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">43</span></a> o recordat&#243;rio de 24 horas pode gerar erro na estimativa de aleitamento materno exclusivo&#46; Crian&#231;as que recebem outros l&#237;quidos irregularmente podem n&#227;o os ter consumido no dia anterior &#224; pesquisa&#46;</p><p id="par0175" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A mensura&#231;&#227;o da exposi&#231;&#227;o variou entre os estudos&#44; inclusive diferentes escalas para medir VPI&#44; diferentes pontos de corte e diversos tipos de rela&#231;&#245;es e per&#237;odos de exposi&#231;&#227;o investigados&#46; Outro aspecto que deve ser destacado est&#225; relacionado ao per&#237;odo em que a exposi&#231;&#227;o foi investigada&#46; Esta revis&#227;o incluiu estudos que estimaram a exposi&#231;&#227;o ao longo da vida&#44; durante a inf&#226;ncia&#44; durante a gravidez e no p&#243;s&#8208;parto e nos &#250;ltimos 12 meses&#46; Pesquisas dispon&#237;veis mostram que a mensura&#231;&#227;o da VPI pode ser feita atrav&#233;s de 20 escalas diferentes&#44; que incluem itens que avaliam apenas um tipo de viol&#234;ncia&#44; como viol&#234;ncia sexual ou abuso emocional&#44; ou que pretendem avaliar mais de um tipo de viol&#234;ncia&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0470"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">44&#44;45</span></a> Quest&#245;es relativas &#224; validade e confiabilidade dessas escalas&#44; os seus objetivos&#44; as consequ&#234;ncias potenciais ou os poss&#237;veis impactos sobre os resultados dos estudos que tratam associa&#231;&#227;o da VPI com diferentes resultados no campo da nutri&#231;&#227;o materna e infantil merecem reflex&#227;o&#46; Como observado por Misch &#38; Yount &#40;2014&#41;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0405"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a> os resultados podem ser v&#225;lidos&#44; ou podem ter algum grau de erro de classifica&#231;&#227;o devido&#44; por exemplo&#44; &#224; falta de mem&#243;ria&#44; &#224; m&#225; interpreta&#231;&#227;o da quest&#227;o&#44; ou&#44; especialmente&#44; ao medo relacionado com as consequ&#234;ncias da divulga&#231;&#227;o&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; instrumentos com quest&#245;es espec&#237;ficas sobre diferentes formas e intensidade de viol&#234;ncia experimentada pelos casais s&#227;o mais propensos a captar uma situa&#231;&#227;o de viol&#234;ncia do que aqueles que usam uma &#250;nica quest&#227;o&#46; Nessa perspectiva&#44; as associa&#231;&#245;es entre vitimiza&#231;&#227;o da VPI materna com pr&#225;ticas de aleitamento materno&#44; por exemplo&#44; podem estar super ou subestimadas&#46; Importante mencionar que a maioria dos estudos inclu&#237;dos nesta revis&#227;o foi seccional&#44; portanto h&#225; um poss&#237;vel vi&#233;s de mem&#243;ria em rela&#231;&#227;o a perguntas aos participantes sobre exposi&#231;&#227;o e pr&#225;ticas no passado&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0480"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">46</span></a> Al&#233;m disso&#44; &#233; dif&#237;cil separar causas e efeitos&#44; uma vez que a preval&#234;ncia de desfecho e a exposi&#231;&#227;o s&#227;o avaliadas simultaneamente entre os indiv&#237;duos&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0480"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">46</span></a></p><p id="par0180" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Outra caracter&#237;stica importante do presente estudo &#233; que&#44; embora nossos crit&#233;rios de pesquisa inclu&#237;ssem crian&#231;as no primeiro ano de vida&#44; todos os estudos da revis&#227;o encontrados foram restritos a crian&#231;as de dois dias a seis meses&#46; &#201; prov&#225;vel que estudos focalizem pr&#225;ticas de alimenta&#231;&#227;o infantil precoces&#44; como o in&#237;cio da amamenta&#231;&#227;o e o aleitamento materno exclusivo&#44; dado o consenso internacional sobre sua import&#226;ncia e a recomenda&#231;&#227;o para a garantia de crescimento e desenvolvimento adequado das crian&#231;as&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0260"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2&#44;7</span></a></p><p id="par0185" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Cabe mencionar que&#44; apesar dos esfor&#231;os para pesquisar e considerar todos os estudos&#44; n&#227;o foi poss&#237;vel rastrear estudos na literatura cinzenta&#44; a fim de minimizar os efeitos potenciais do vi&#233;s de publica&#231;&#227;o&#46;</p><p id="par0190" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">As estrat&#233;gias para promover o aleitamento materno e as pr&#225;ticas de alimenta&#231;&#227;o infantil&#44; bem como a preven&#231;&#227;o da viol&#234;ncia entre parceiros &#237;ntimos&#44; continuam a ser desafios a serem superados&#46; A maioria das interven&#231;&#245;es pode ser feita em unidades de sa&#250;de onde ocorrem os cuidados prim&#225;rios das mulheres&#44; como cl&#237;nicas pr&#233;&#8208;natais&#44; obst&#233;tricas e ginecol&#243;gicas&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0485"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">47&#44;48</span></a> Outras categorias de interven&#231;&#245;es s&#227;o aquelas aplicadas diretamente contra o perpetrador da viol&#234;ncia&#46; Esse tipo de interven&#231;&#227;o &#233; feito&#44; em geral&#44; como parte da penalidade para os autores de viol&#234;ncia dom&#233;stica&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0495"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">49</span></a> Essas interven&#231;&#245;es existentes podem ser oferecidas diretamente aos homens sobre as perspectivas de diferen&#231;as de g&#234;nero&#44; abuso&#44; controle e momentos de raiva&#44; bem como o tratamento para abuso de drogas e &#225;lcool&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0500"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">50</span></a></p><p id="par0195" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">As pesquisas futuras devem focar n&#227;o somente em pr&#225;ticas adequadas de aleitamento materno&#44; mas tamb&#233;m na introdu&#231;&#227;o adequada de alimenta&#231;&#227;o complementar e alimenta&#231;&#227;o infantil&#44; dada sua import&#226;ncia para o desenvolvimento e crescimento na inf&#226;ncia e na idade adulta&#46; Ainda&#44; para melhorar a compreens&#227;o atual da rela&#231;&#227;o entre VPI e pr&#225;ticas de alimenta&#231;&#227;o infantil&#44; novas investiga&#231;&#245;es requerem estudos prospectivos&#44; feitos em contextos mais amplos&#44; o uso de instrumentos validados e an&#225;lise substancial e que abordem ambos os g&#234;neros&#44; dada a complexidade dessa rela&#231;&#227;o&#46;</p><p id="par0200" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A viol&#234;ncia &#233; um fen&#244;meno complexo que envolve todos os membros da fam&#237;lia e&#44; portanto&#44; os programas de interven&#231;&#227;o precisam ser incentivados contra a viol&#234;ncia dom&#233;stica&#44; entre as v&#237;timas e os perpetradores como uma excelente maneira de obter uma mudan&#231;a de pensamento e comportamento social sobre a viol&#234;ncia&#46; O principal objetivo desses programas deve ser prevenir a viol&#234;ncia de g&#234;nero&#44; aumentar a confian&#231;a e proteger as mulheres contra seus relacionamentos abusivos e suas consequ&#234;ncias&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; os estudos que investigam o papel espec&#237;fico de cada tipo de viol&#234;ncia na inicia&#231;&#227;o e na dura&#231;&#227;o da amamenta&#231;&#227;o ajudam na cria&#231;&#227;o de estrat&#233;gias mais espec&#237;ficas para serem usadas nos cuidados de sa&#250;de&#46; Em um n&#237;vel pr&#225;tico&#44; a melhoria da autoestima e da confian&#231;a das mulheres durante os per&#237;odos pr&#233;&#8208;natal e p&#243;s&#8208;parto pode ter efeitos ben&#233;ficos em v&#225;rios n&#237;veis&#46; Isso n&#227;o seria apenas uma maneira de quebrar o ciclo de viol&#234;ncia&#44; mas tamb&#233;m ajudar a melhorar as atitudes das mulheres em rela&#231;&#227;o a si mesmas e seus beb&#234;s e&#44; eventualmente&#44; teria um efeito positivo sobre a amamenta&#231;&#227;o&#46; Assim&#44; compreender o contexto e as motiva&#231;&#245;es das m&#227;es que s&#227;o v&#237;timas de viol&#234;ncia e amamentam seus filhos pode ser &#250;til para aconselhamento e apoio a todas as m&#227;es vitimizadas&#44; al&#233;m de considerar esses fatores no planejamento de pol&#237;ticas e programas de alimenta&#231;&#227;o e nutri&#231;&#227;o na inf&#226;ncia&#46;</p><p id="par0205" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Finalmente&#44; &#233; importante entender como os efeitos da VPI podem variar entre contextos culturais e quanto &#224; disponibilidade e qualidade do cuidado pr&#233;&#8208;natal&#44; &#224;s cren&#231;as populares em rela&#231;&#227;o ao aleitamento materno e aos esfor&#231;os existentes de sa&#250;de p&#250;blica para promover a amamenta&#231;&#227;o&#46; Essas diferen&#231;as contextuais tamb&#233;m podem ajudar a explicar por que os resultados variam de pa&#237;s para pa&#237;s&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0070" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0130">Financiamento</span><p id="par0210" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Funda&#231;&#227;o de Apoio &#224; Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Carlos Chagas Filho &#40;Faperj&#41;&#59; Coordena&#231;&#227;o de Aperfei&#231;oamento do Pessoal de N&#237;vel Superior &#40;Capes&#41;&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0075" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0135">Conflitos de interesse</span><p id="par0215" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os autores declaram n&#227;o haver conflitos de interesse&#46;</p></span></span>"
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              "titulo" => "Associa&#231;&#227;o entre VPI e PAM"
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            0 => "Amamenta&#231;&#227;o"
            1 => "Leite humano"
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        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Objective</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To review the association between intimate partner violence and breastfeeding practices in the literature&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Data sources</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The search was carried out in five databases&#44; including MEDLINE&#44; LILACS&#44; SCOPUS&#44; PsycoINFO&#44; and Science Direct&#46; The search strategy was carried out in February 2017&#46; The authors included original studies with observational design&#44; which investigated forms of intimate partner violence &#40;including emotional&#44; physical&#44; and&#47;or sexual&#41; and breastfeeding practices&#46; The quality of the studies was assessed based on the bias susceptibility through criteria specifically developed for this review&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Summary of data</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The study included 12 original articles &#40;10 cross&#8208;sectional&#44; one case&#8208;control&#44; and one cohort study&#41; carried out in different countries&#46; The forms of intimate partner violence observed were emotional&#44; physical&#44; and&#47;or sexual&#46; Breastfeeding was investigated by different tools and only assessed children between 2 days and 6 months of life&#46; Of the 12 studies included in this review&#44; eight found a lower breastfeeding intention&#44; breastfeeding initiation&#44; and exclusive breastfeeding during the first six months of the child&#39;s life&#44; and a higher likelihood of early termination of exclusive breastfeeding among women living at home where violence was present&#46; The quality varied between the studies and six were classified as having low bias susceptibility based on the assessed items&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Conclusions</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Intimate partner violence is associated with inadequate breastfeeding practices of children aged 2 days to 6 months of life&#46;</p></span>"
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            "titulo" => "Data sources"
          ]
          2 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0015"
            "titulo" => "Summary of data"
          ]
          3 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0020"
            "titulo" => "Conclusions"
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        ]
      ]
      "pt" => array:3 [
        "titulo" => "Resumo"
        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Objetivo</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Revisar na literatura a associa&#231;&#227;o da viol&#234;ncia entre parceiros &#237;ntimos e as pr&#225;ticas de aleitamento materno&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Fontes dos dados</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Foram utilizadas para as buscas cinco bases de dados&#44; incluindo o MEDLINE&#44; LILACS&#44; SCOPUS&#44; PsycoINFO e Science Direct&#46; A estrat&#233;gia de busca foi realizada em fevereiro de 2017&#46; Foram inclu&#237;dos estudos originais com desenho observacional&#44; os quais investigaram formas de viol&#234;ncia entre parceiros &#237;ntimos&#58; emocional&#44; f&#237;sica e&#47;ou sexual e as pr&#225;ticas de aleitamento materno&#46; A qualidade dos estudos foi avaliada a partir da susceptibilidade a vieses por crit&#233;rios especificamente desenvolvidos para esta revis&#227;o&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">S&#237;ntese dos dados</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Foram inclu&#237;dos 12 artigos originais &#40;10 seccionais&#44; 1 caso&#8208;controle e 1 coorte&#41; realizados em diferentes pa&#237;ses&#46; As formas de viol&#234;ncia entre parceiros &#237;ntimos observadas foram emocional&#44; f&#237;sica e&#47;ou sexual&#46; O aleitamento materno investigado nos estudos se fez por diferentes instrumentos e avaliaram apenas crian&#231;as entre dois dias e seis meses&#46; Dos doze estudos inclu&#237;dos nesta revis&#227;o&#44; oito encontraram menor chance de inten&#231;&#227;o de amamentar&#44; menor chance de inicia&#231;&#227;o ao aleitamento materno e de amamenta&#231;&#227;o exclusiva durante os primeiros seis meses de vida da crian&#231;a e maior probabilidade de interrup&#231;&#227;o precoce do aleitamento materno exclusivo entre as mulheres que viviam em domic&#237;lios onde a viol&#234;ncia estava presente&#46; A qualidade variou entre os estudos e seis foram classificados apresentando baixa suscetibilidade ao vi&#233;s a partir dos itens julgados&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Conclus&#245;es</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A viol&#234;ncia entre parceiros &#237;ntimos est&#225; relacionada &#224;s pr&#225;ticas inadequadas de aleitamento materno de crian&#231;as entre dois dias e seis meses&#46;</p></span>"
        "secciones" => array:4 [
          0 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0025"
            "titulo" => "Objetivo"
          ]
          1 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0030"
            "titulo" => "Fontes dos dados"
          ]
          2 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0035"
            "titulo" => "S&#237;ntese dos dados"
          ]
          3 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0040"
            "titulo" => "Conclus&#245;es"
          ]
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      ]
    ]
    "NotaPie" => array:1 [
      0 => array:2 [
        "etiqueta" => "&#9734;"
        "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0070">Como citar este artigo&#58; Mezzavilla RS&#44; Ferreira MF&#44; Curioni CC&#44; Lindsay AC&#44; Hasselmann MH&#46; Intimate partner violence and breastfeeding practices&#58; a systematic review of observational studies&#46; J Pediatr &#40;Rio J&#41;&#46; 2018&#59;94&#58;226&#8211;37&#46;</p>"
      ]
    ]
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      0 => array:7 [
        "identificador" => "fig0005"
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        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
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        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "figura" => array:1 [
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        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "pt" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Fluxo de estudos inclu&#237;dos na revis&#227;o &#8211; Prisma &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta&#8208;Analyses</span>&#41;&#46;</p>"
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        "identificador" => "tbl0005"
        "etiqueta" => "Tabela 1"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "detalles" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "at1"
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        "tabla" => array:3 [
          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0055" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">AAS&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Abuse Assessement Screen</span>&#59; AM&#44; aleitamento materno&#59; AME&#44; aleitamento materno exclusivo&#59; CAS&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Composite Abuse Scale</span>&#59; CTS&#8208;1&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Conflict Tactics Scales</span>&#59; CTS&#8208;2&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">The revised Conflict Tactics Scale &#8211; 2&#59;</span> Ipame&#44; Interrup&#231;&#227;o precoce do aleitamento materno exclusivo&#59; LM&#44; leite materno&#59; NA&#44; n&#227;o aplicado&#59; NR&#44; n&#227;o reportado&#59; OMS&#44; Organiza&#231;&#227;o Mundial de Sa&#250;de&#59; PAM&#44; pr&#225;ticas de aleitamento materno&#59; VPI&#44; viol&#234;ncia entre parceiros &#237;ntimos&#46;</p>"
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                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td-with-role" title="table-head ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">1&#176; Autor<br>Ano<br>Pa&#237;s do estudo&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Amostra total<br>&#40;N&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Idade materna<br>&#40;anos&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Idade da crian&#231;a&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Desenho de estudo&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " colspan="3" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">VPI</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " colspan="3" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">PAM</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Exposi&#231;&#227;o&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Per&#237;odo avaliado&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Instrumentos&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Desfecho&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Per&#237;odo avaliado&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Instrumentos&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Bullock<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0330"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a> 2001 USA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">212&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">24&#44;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>5&#44;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NR&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Caso&#8208;controle&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Experi&#234;ncia de viol&#234;ncia<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">AAS<br>Quest&#245;es&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Oferta de LM<br>Dura&#231;&#227;o da AM&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#176; m&#234;s p&#243;s&#8208;parto<br>N&#250;mero de meses em AM&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Question&#225;rio com itens sobre AM&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Silverman<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0335"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a> 2006 USA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">118&#46;579&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#60; 20<br>20&#8208;30<br>&#62; 30&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#60; 4 semanas<br>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Seccional&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">F&#237;sica&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">12 meses antes&#47;durante e atual gesta&#231;&#227;o&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Question&#225;rio contendo 2 itens sobre VPI&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Oferta de LM<br>Ipame&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Ofereceu ou n&#227;o LM p&#243;s&#8208;parto<br>At&#233; a 4&#170; semana<br>p&#243;s&#8208;parto&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Question&#225;rio com itens sobre AM&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Lau<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0340"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a> 2007 China&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#46;200&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#62; 25<br>&#8804; 25&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NR&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Seccional&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Experi&#234;ncia de viol&#234;ncia<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a><br>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Durante a gesta&#231;&#227;o&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">AAS<br>CTS&#8208;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Oferta de LM<br><br>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2&#8208;5 dias p&#243;s&#8208;parto&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Question&#225;rio com itens sobre m&#233;todos de alimenta&#231;&#227;o&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Moraes<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0345"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19</span></a><br>2011<br>Brasil&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">811&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">20&#8208;35&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">5<br>meses<br>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Seccional&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">F&#237;sica grave&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Durante a gesta&#231;&#227;o&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">CTS&#8208;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Ipame&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">At&#233; 5&#176; m&#234;s p&#243;s&#8208;parto&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Recordat&#243;rio dos &#250;ltimos 7 dias&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Shroff<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0385"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">27</span></a><br>2011<br>&#205;ndia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">600&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">22&#44;14<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3&#44;35<br>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3&#44;4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;54 meses<br>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Seccional&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Experi&#234;ncia de viol&#234;ncia<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Rela&#231;&#227;o atual&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2 quest&#245;es sobre experi&#234;ncia de VPI&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Ipame&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">At&#233; 4&#176; m&#234;s p&#243;s&#8208;parto&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Question&#225;rio usado no <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Survey</span> NFHS2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Sipsma<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0390"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">28</span></a><br>2013<br>USA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">296&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">15&#8208;21&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">6<br>meses&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Seccional&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Experi&#234;ncia de viol&#234;ncia<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Rela&#231;&#227;o atual&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Quest&#245;es sobre experi&#234;ncia de VPI&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Inten&#231;&#227;o de amamentar<br>In&#237;cio da AM<br><br>Dura&#231;&#227;o do AM e AME&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Durante a gesta&#231;&#227;o<br><br>Iniciou AM p&#243;s&#8208;parto<br>N&#250;mero de semanas em AM e AME&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Question&#225;rio sobre experi&#234;ncia e pr&#225;ticas de AM&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Sipsma<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0395"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">29</span></a><br>2013<br>USA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">296&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">15&#8208;21<br>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NR&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Seccional&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Experi&#234;ncia de<br>viol&#234;ncia<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Rela&#231;&#227;o atual&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Quest&#245;es sobre experi&#234;ncia de VPI&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Inten&#231;&#227;o de amamentar&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Durante a gesta&#231;&#227;o&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Quest&#245;es sobre a inten&#231;&#227;o de amamentar&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Zureick&#8208;Brown<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0400"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">30</span></a><br>2013<br>&#205;ndia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3&#46;552&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">M&#233;dia 24&#44;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#44;7 meses&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Seccional&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">F&#237;sica&#47;sexual&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Durante a vida&#47;Rela&#231;&#227;o atual&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">CTS&#8208;2 reduzida&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">In&#237;cio precoce do AM<br>Ipame&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Uma hora p&#243;s&#8208;parto<br>At&#233; 4&#176; m&#234;s p&#243;s&#8208;parto&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Recordat&#243;rio de 24 horas&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Misch<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0405"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a><br>2014<br><br>&#193;frica&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Pa&#237;ses africanos<br>4&#46;822&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">15&#8208;49&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#60; 6<br>meses&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Seccional&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">F&#237;sica&#44; sexual&#44; emocional&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Durante a vida&#47;Anos anteriores&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">CTS&#8208;2 quest&#245;es adaptadas&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">In&#237;cio precoce do AM<br>Ipame&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Iniciou AM p&#243;s&#8208;parto<br>At&#233; 6&#176; m&#234;s p&#243;s&#8208;parto&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Quest&#245;es sobre AM&#44; outros l&#237;quidos e alimentos nas &#250;ltimas 24 horas&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">James<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0410"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">32</span></a><br>2014<br>Austr&#225;lia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2&#46;621&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">15&#8208;35 ou<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><br>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3&#8208;6<br>meses&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Seccional&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Experi&#234;ncia de viol&#234;ncia<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NR&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">CAS&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Oferta de LM<br>Dura&#231;&#227;o do AM&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Ofertou LM no per&#237;odo<br>Tempo total de AM&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Quest&#245;es sobre AM&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Hasselmann<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0415"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">33</span></a><br>2016<br>Brasil&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">564&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8805; 20 e &#60; 20<br>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">30&#8208;60 dias&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Coorte&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">F&#237;sica e f&#237;sica grave&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2&#176; m&#234;s de vida da crian&#231;a&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">CTS&#8208;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">IPAME&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2 e 3 meses de vida&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Recordat&#243;rio de 24 horas&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Islam<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0420"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">34</span></a><br>2017<br>Bangladesh&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">426&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">15&#8208;49&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8804; 6<br>meses&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Seccional&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">F&#237;sica&#44; sexual&#44; emocional&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Ap&#243;s o parto da rela&#231;&#227;o atual&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">OMS&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Dura&#231;&#227;o do AME&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Tempo total de AME&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Recordat&#243;rio de 24 horas da OMS&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
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              "identificador" => "tblfn0005"
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              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Experi&#234;ncia de qualquer viol&#234;ncia f&#237;sica&#44; sexual ou emocional&#46;</p>"
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              "identificador" => "tblfn0010"
              "etiqueta" => "b"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0010">Qu&#234;nia&#44; Tanz&#226;nia&#44; Gana&#44; Lib&#233;ria&#44; Nig&#233;ria&#44; Malawi&#44; Z&#226;mbia&#44; Zimbabwe&#46;</p>"
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          "pt" => "<p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Caracter&#237;sticas gerais dos estudos que avaliaram a rela&#231;&#227;o da viol&#234;ncia entre parceiros &#237;ntimos e as pr&#225;ticas de aleitamento materno</p>"
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          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0065" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">IC 95&#37;&#44; intervalo de confian&#231;a 95&#37;&#59; Ipame&#44; interrup&#231;&#227;o precoce do aleitamento materno exclusivo&#59; LM&#44; leite materno&#59; NA&#44; n&#227;o aplicado&#59; PAM&#44; pr&#225;ticas de aleitamento materno&#59; RC&#44; raz&#227;o de chances&#59; RP&#44; raz&#227;o de preval&#234;ncia&#59; RR&#44; risco relativo&#59; VPI&#44; viol&#234;ncia entre parceiros &#237;ntimos&#46;</p>"
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                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td-with-role" title="table-head ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Formas de VPI&#47;<br>1&#176; Autor&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " colspan="5" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">PAM</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Inten&#231;&#227;o&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Inicia&#231;&#227;o<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Oferta do LM<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Ipame&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Dura&#231;&#227;o da<br>amamenta&#231;&#227;o&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Viol&#234;ncia f&#237;sica</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">g</span></a></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Silverman<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0335"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">N&#227;o significante<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">N&#227;o significante<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Misch<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0405"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Tanz&#226;nia&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">e</span></a> RC&#58; 0&#44;47&#59; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>&#8208;valor<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;042<br>Zimbabwe&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">e</span></a> RC&#58;2&#44;5&#59; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>&#8208;valor<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;002<br>Malawi&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">e</span></a> RC&#58; 0&#44;11&#59; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>&#8208;valor<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;013<br>Gana&#44; Lib&#233;ria&#44; Z&#226;mbia&#44; Qu&#234;nia&#44; Nig&#233;ria&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">e</span></a> N&#227;o significante&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Gana&#44; Lib&#233;ria&#44; Z&#226;mbia&#44; Tanz&#226;nia&#44; Qu&#234;nia&#44; Malawi&#44; Nig&#233;ria<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">f</span></a> N&#227;o significante&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Moraes<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0345"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">RR&#58; 1&#44;30&#59; IC 95&#37; 1&#44;01&#8208;1&#44;65&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Hasselmann<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0415"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">33</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">RR<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">h</span></a>&#58; 1&#44;35&#59; IC 95&#37; 1&#44;07&#8208;1&#44;71&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Islam<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0420"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">34</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">RC&#58; 1&#44;83&#59; IC 95&#37; 1&#44;03&#8208;1&#46;60&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Viol&#234;ncia f&#237;sica grave</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">g</span></a></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Hasselmann<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0415"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">33</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">RP<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">i</span></a>&#58; 1&#44;32&#59; IC 1&#44;04&#8208;1&#44;67<br>RR<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0060"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">j</span></a>&#58; 1&#44;51 IC 1&#44;16&#8208;1&#44;95<br>RR<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0065"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">l</span></a>&#58; 2&#44;10&#59; IC 1&#44;27&#8208;3&#44;48&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Viol&#234;ncia sexual</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">g</span></a></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Misch<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0405"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Z&#226;mbia&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">e</span></a> RC&#58; 2&#44;38&#59; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>&#8208;valor<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;017<br>Gana&#44; Lib&#233;ria&#44; Tanz&#226;nia&#44; Zimbabwe&#44; Qu&#234;nia&#44; Malawi&#44; Nig&#233;ria&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">f</span></a> N&#227;o significante&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Gana&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">f</span></a> RC&#58; 5&#44;88&#59; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>&#8208;valor<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;033<br>Lib&#233;ria&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">f</span></a> RC&#58; 11&#44;11&#59; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>&#8208;valor<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;026<br>Z&#226;mbia&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">f</span></a> RC&#58; 0&#44;40&#59; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>&#8208; valor<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;025<br>Tanz&#226;nia&#44; Zimbabwe&#44; Qu&#234;nia&#44; Malawi&#44; Nig&#233;ria&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">f</span></a> N&#227;o significante&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Islam<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0420"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">34</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">RC&#58; 1&#46;68&#59; IC 95&#37; 1&#44;20&#8208;1&#46;87&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Viol&#234;ncia emocional&#47;psicol&#243;gica</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">g</span></a></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Misch<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0405"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Qu&#234;nia&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">e</span></a> RC&#58; 1&#44;85&#59; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>&#8208; valor<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;050<br>Gana&#44; Lib&#233;ria&#44; Z&#226;mbia&#44; Tanz&#226;nia&#44; Zimbawe&#44; Malawi&#44; Nig&#233;ria&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">e</span></a> N&#227;o significante&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Gana&#44; Lib&#233;ria&#44; Z&#226;mbia&#44; Tanz&#226;nia&#44; Zimbawe&#44; Qu&#234;nia&#44; Malawi&#44; Nig&#233;ria&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">f</span></a><br>N&#227;o significante&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Islam<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0420"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">34</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#46;49&#59; IC 95&#37; 1&#46;00&#8208;1&#46;74&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
              ]
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                0 => "xTab1745594.png"
              ]
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            1 => array:2 [
              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td-with-role" title="table-head ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Formas de VPI&#47;<br>1&#176; Autor&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " colspan="5" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">PAM</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Inten&#231;&#227;o&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Inicia&#231;&#227;o<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Oferta do LM<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Ipame&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Dura&#231;&#227;o da amamenta&#231;&#227;o&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Viol&#234;ncia f&#237;sica&#47;sexual</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">g</span></a></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Zureick&#8208;Brown<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0400"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">30</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">RC&#58; 0&#44;74&#59; IC 95&#37; 0&#44;58&#8208;0&#44;95&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Alguma experi&#234;ncia de viol&#234;ncia</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">d</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#44;</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">g</span></a></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Bullock<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0330"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">N&#227;o significante&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">N&#227;o significante&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Sipsma<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0395"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">29</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">RC&#58; 0&#44;37&#59; IC 95&#37; 0&#44;16&#8208;0&#44;84&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Sipsma<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0390"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">28</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">N&#227;o significante&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">RC&#58; 3&#44;29&#59; IC 95&#37; 1&#44;81&#8208;6&#44;01&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">RC&#58; 1&#44;77&#59; IC 95&#37; 1&#44;21&#8208;0&#44;60&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>James<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0410"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">32</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">N&#227;o significante&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">N&#227;o significante&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Lau<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0340"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">RC&#58; 1&#44;84&#59; IC 95&#37; 1&#44;16 &#8208;2&#44;91&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Shroff<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0385"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">27</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">N&#227;o significante&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Zureick&#8208;Brown<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0400"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">30</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">RC&#58; 0&#44;78&#59; IC 95&#37; 0&#44;62&#8208;0&#44;98&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
              ]
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              "etiqueta" => "a"
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            1 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "tblfn0020"
              "etiqueta" => "b"
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            2 => array:3 [
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              "etiqueta" => "e"
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              "etiqueta" => "f"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0040">A vari&#225;vel foi codificada&#58; 0 para aleitamento materno exclusivo e 1 para n&#227;o amamentar exclusivamente&#46;</p>"
            ]
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              "etiqueta" => "g"
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            ]
            7 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "tblfn0050"
              "etiqueta" => "h"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0050">At&#233; o terceiro m&#234;s de vida da crian&#231;a&#46;</p>"
            ]
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              "identificador" => "tblfn0055"
              "etiqueta" => "i"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0055">No segundo m&#234;s de vida da crian&#231;a&#46;</p>"
            ]
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              "identificador" => "tblfn0060"
              "etiqueta" => "j"
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            ]
            10 => array:3 [
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              "etiqueta" => "l"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0065">No terceiro m&#234;s de vida da crian&#231;a&#46;</p>"
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          "pt" => "<p id="spar0060" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Principais resultados de estudos que avaliaram a rela&#231;&#227;o entre VPI e as pr&#225;ticas de aleitamento materno de crian&#231;as no primeiro ano de vida</p>"
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          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0075" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">PAM&#44; pr&#225;ticas de aleitamento materno&#59; VPI&#44; viol&#234;ncia entre parceiros &#237;ntimos&#59; <span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#44; sim&#59; &#8208;&#44; n&#227;o&#59;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#47;&#8208;&#44; parcialmente&#59; &#63;&#44; n&#227;o claro&#59; NA&#44; n&#227;o aplicado&#46;</p>"
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                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td-with-role" title="table-head ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Desenhos de estudo<br>Suscetibilidade<br>a vieses&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Caso&#8208;controle&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Coorte&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " colspan="10" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Transversal</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Refer&#234;ncia<br>1&#176; autor&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Bullock<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0330"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Hasselmann<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0415"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">33</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Silverman<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0335"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Moraes<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0345"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Zureick&#8208;Brown<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0400"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">30</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Lau<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0340"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Shroff<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0385"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">27</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Sipsma<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0390"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">28</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Sipsma<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0395"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">29</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Misch<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0405"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">James<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0410"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">32</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Islam<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0420"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">34</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Vari&#225;vel PAM&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#47;&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#47;&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Vari&#225;vel VPI&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Mensura&#231;&#227;o da PAM&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#47;&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Mensura&#231;&#227;o da VPI&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#47;&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#47;&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Controle de confus&#227;o&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Validade externa&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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Artigo de revisão
Intimate partner violence and breastfeeding practices: a systematic review of observational studies
Violência entre parceiros íntimos e práticas de aleitamento materno: uma revisão sistemática de estudos observacionais
Raquel de Souza Mezzavillaa,
Autor para correspondência
raquelmezzavilla@hotmail.com

Autor para correspondência.
, Marina de Figueiredo Ferreiraa, Cintia Chaves Curionia, Ana Cristina Lindsayb,c, Maria Helena Hasselmanna
a Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
b University of Massachusetts Boston, Department of Exercise and Health Sciences, Boston, Estados Unidos
c Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Nutrition, Boston, Estados Unidos
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          "pt" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Fluxo de estudos inclu&#237;dos na revis&#227;o &#8211; Prisma &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta&#8208;Analyses</span>&#41;&#46;</p>"
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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0065">Introdu&#231;&#227;o</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O leite materno &#233; comprovadamente o alimento ideal para o crescimento e o desenvolvimento saud&#225;vel das crian&#231;as&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0255"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#44;2</span></a> A Organiza&#231;&#227;o Mundial de Sa&#250;de &#40;OMS&#41;&#44; o Fundo das Na&#231;&#245;es Unidas para a Inf&#226;ncia &#40;Unicef&#41; e o Minist&#233;rio da Sa&#250;de recomendam o in&#237;cio precoce da amamenta&#231;&#227;o dentro de uma hora ap&#243;s o nascimento&#44; que as crian&#231;as recebam exclusivamente o leite materno durante os primeiros seis meses e que o aleitamento materno seja complementado por outros alimentos at&#233; os dois anos ou mais&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0260"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2&#44;3</span></a></p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O aleitamento materno adequado &#233; t&#227;o decisivo que poderia evitar a morte de mais de 800&#46;000 crian&#231;as menores de cinco anos por ano&#46; No entanto&#44; dados mostram que n&#227;o mais do que 37&#37; das crian&#231;as em todo o mundo s&#227;o amamentadas exclusivamente durante os primeiros seis meses&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0270"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4&#44;5</span></a> Ainda&#44; a longa dura&#231;&#227;o da amamenta&#231;&#227;o tamb&#233;m contribui para a sa&#250;de e o bem&#8208;estar das m&#227;es&#44; reduz o risco de c&#226;ncer de ov&#225;rio e de mama e ajuda a evitar uma gravidez nesse per&#237;odo&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0275"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a></p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A literatura destaca as consequ&#234;ncias imediatas e as de longo prazo relacionadas &#224; interrup&#231;&#227;o precoce do aleitamento materno exclusivo e &#224; curta dura&#231;&#227;o do aleitamento materno&#46; Essas pr&#225;ticas inadequadas podem estar associadas ao sobrepeso e &#224; obesidade na inf&#226;ncia e tamb&#233;m ao baixo peso em crian&#231;as menores de cinco anos&#44; uma das principais causas de morte no mundo&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0260"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2&#44;6&#8211;8</span></a></p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">As pr&#225;ticas de aleitamento materno &#40;PAM&#41;&#44; tais como a decis&#227;o de iniciar ou n&#227;o a amamenta&#231;&#227;o&#44; ofertar o leite materno ou alimentar com f&#243;rmulas infantis&#44; assim como o tempo de sua dura&#231;&#227;o&#44; podem ser influenciadas por muitos fatores&#44; como o peso ao nascer&#59; a idade materna&#59; o n&#237;vel de escolaridade&#59; o <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">status</span> socioecon&#244;mico&#59; a renda&#59; o estresse e os sintomas depressivos maternos&#59; o apoio social&#59; a rede social&#59; os estilos de alimenta&#231;&#227;o dos pais e o pr&#243;prio ambiente em que se vive&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0295"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9&#8211;12</span></a></p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Estudos mostram ainda que&#44; em ambientes dom&#233;sticos violentos&#44; a qualidade da maternagem e a habilidade de ambos os pais de lidar com as necessidades da crian&#231;a s&#227;o comprometidas&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0315"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13&#8211;15</span></a> Consequentemente&#44; a capacidade de cuidados com a alimenta&#231;&#227;o da crian&#231;a tamb&#233;m &#233; afetada&#46;</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A viol&#234;ncia entre parceiros &#237;ntimos &#40;VPI&#41; &#233; definida como o uso intencional de for&#231;a f&#237;sica&#44; abuso emocional e sexual ou uso de poder contra um parceiro &#237;ntimo e vem sendo apontada em recentes estudos como mais um fator associado &#224;s pr&#225;ticas inadequadas de aleitamento materno&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0330"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16&#44;l7</span></a></p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A literatura sobre o tema ainda &#233; escassa e os resultados das investiga&#231;&#245;es s&#227;o contradit&#243;rios&#46; Alguns estudos mostram que h&#225; associa&#231;&#227;o entre VPI e aleitamento materno&#44; j&#225; outros n&#227;o encontram associa&#231;&#245;es estatisticamente significativas&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0330"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16&#8211;19</span></a> Problemas nas metodologias empregadas nos estudos podem ser uma explica&#231;&#227;o para esses resultados discrepantes&#46; No entanto&#44; para um melhor entendimento da rela&#231;&#227;o entre VPI e amamenta&#231;&#227;o e para a implanta&#231;&#227;o de novas pesquisas&#44; &#233; preciso aprofundar o conhecimento desse fen&#244;meno&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0345"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19&#8211;22</span></a></p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Assim&#44; o objetivo desta revis&#227;o sistem&#225;tica foi avaliar evid&#234;ncias existentes sobre a associa&#231;&#227;o da viol&#234;ncia entre parceiros &#237;ntimos e as pr&#225;ticas do aleitamento materno durante o primeiro ano de vida da crian&#231;a&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0070">M&#233;todo</span><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Este estudo foi baseado no <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Guidelines for Meta&#8208;Analyses and Systematic Reviews of Observational Studies</span> &#40;Moose&#41; e os procedimentos para revis&#245;es sistem&#225;ticas pelo <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Systematic Reviews by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta&#8208;Analyses</span> &#40;Prisma&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0365"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23&#44;24</span></a> Esta revis&#227;o n&#227;o est&#225; registrada em qualquer base de dados de revis&#227;o sistem&#225;tica&#46;</p><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">Crit&#233;rio de elegibilidade</span><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os trabalhos inclu&#237;dos nesta revis&#227;o foram limitados a estudos observacionais originais que avaliaram a associa&#231;&#227;o entre VPI e as PAM&#46; Artigos que se concentraram em grupos populacionais especiais&#44; como aqueles com HIV e transtornos alimentares&#44; n&#227;o foram inclu&#237;dos nesta revis&#227;o&#46; Foram exclu&#237;dos trabalhos que n&#227;o avaliassem&#44; por medidas de associa&#231;&#227;o&#44; a associa&#231;&#227;o da VPI e as PAM&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0080">Defini&#231;&#227;o e mensura&#231;&#227;o da exposi&#231;&#227;o &#40;VPI&#41;</span><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Esta revis&#227;o considerou diferentes formas de VPI&#44; inclusive a viol&#234;ncia f&#237;sica&#59; viol&#234;ncia emocional&#59; viol&#234;ncia sexual ou qualquer combina&#231;&#227;o das tr&#234;s formas&#46; Considerou a viol&#234;ncia de um homem para uma mulher&#44; bem como de uma mulher para um homem&#46; Os per&#237;odos considerados para a mensura&#231;&#227;o da VPI foram&#58; durante a gesta&#231;&#227;o atual&#44; durante gesta&#231;&#245;es anteriores&#44; no per&#237;odo p&#243;s&#8208;parto&#44; na rela&#231;&#227;o atual&#44; em relacionamentos anteriores&#44; em qualquer momento da vida e&#47;ou no ano anterior &#224; entrevista&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0085">Defini&#231;&#227;o e mensura&#231;&#227;o do desfecho &#8211; Pr&#225;ticas de aleitamento materno &#40;PAM&#41;</span><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">As pr&#225;ticas de aleitamento materno consideradas para esta revis&#227;o foram&#58; inten&#231;&#227;o de amamentar&#44; quando a mulher manifestou interesse em ofertar o leite materno ainda durante a gesta&#231;&#227;o&#59; in&#237;cio do aleitamento materno&#44; ou seja&#44; se a m&#227;e ofereceu o leite materno no p&#243;s&#8208;parto&#59; aleitamento materno exclusivo&#44; definido como somente a oferta de leite materno &#224; crian&#231;a&#59; dura&#231;&#227;o do aleitamento materno&#44; expresso em dias ou meses em que o leite materno foi oferecido &#224; crian&#231;a&#59; interrup&#231;&#227;o precoce do aleitamento materno exclusivo&#44; quando&#44; al&#233;m do leite materno&#44; outros l&#237;quidos e&#47;ou alimentos s&#227;o oferecidos a uma crian&#231;a anteriormente aos seis meses&#59; aleitamento materno predominante quando a crian&#231;a recebe&#44; al&#233;m do leite materno&#44; l&#237;quidos a base de &#225;gua&#44; tais como &#225;gua&#44; ch&#225;s e sucos&#59; e outras pr&#225;ticas relacionadas ao aleitamento materno investigadas pelos estudos&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0375"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">25</span></a></p></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0090">Estrat&#233;gia de pesquisa</span><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Foram usadas para as buscas cinco bases de dados&#44; Medline&#44; Lilacs&#44; Scopus&#44; PsycoINFO e Science Direct&#46; A busca foi feita em fevereiro de 2017&#46; Os <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">MeSH</span> Termos &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">domestic violence OR spouse abuse OR intimate partner violence&#41; AND &#40;breast feeding OR breastfeeding OR Milk&#44; Human</span>&#41; foram combinados com filtros para estudos observacionais&#46; Nenhuma restri&#231;&#227;o de idioma ou data para a inclus&#227;o foi aplicada&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0095">Crit&#233;rios de sele&#231;&#227;o</span><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Ap&#243;s a remo&#231;&#227;o de duplicatas&#44; a sele&#231;&#227;o dos t&#237;tulos e resumos foi feita por dois pesquisadores &#40;MR e FM&#41; de forma independente para avaliar registros completos&#44; seguiu uma estrat&#233;gia de pesquisa previamente estabelecida</p></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0100">Extra&#231;&#227;o de dados</span><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os dados foram extra&#237;dos de forma independente por dois autores &#40;MR e FM&#41; com um formul&#225;rio de coleta de dados de acordo com os crit&#233;rios do Prisma&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0370"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">24</span></a> Os itens extra&#237;dos de cada artigo foram compilados em uma tabela no programa Excel &#40;Microsoft&#174;&#44; WA&#44; EUA&#41; e inclu&#237;ram pa&#237;s&#44; ano de publica&#231;&#227;o&#44; desenho do estudo&#44; vari&#225;veis de exposi&#231;&#227;o e de desfecho e instrumentos de coleta de dados&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0105">Suscetibilidade a vieses</span><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A suscetibilidade a vieses foi avaliada com um formul&#225;rio padr&#227;o para avalia&#231;&#227;o de estudos observacionais especificamente desenvolvido para esta revis&#227;o&#46; Uma lista de itens individuais incluiu an&#225;lise das PAM&#44; an&#225;lise da VPI e instrumentos para a mensura&#231;&#227;o da VPI e das PAM&#46; Al&#233;m desses&#44; foram avaliados&#58; controle por vari&#225;veis de confus&#227;o&#44; crit&#233;rios de elegibilidade para os participantes&#44; crit&#233;rios de inclus&#227;o e exclus&#227;o&#44; tamanho da amostra&#44; perdas e causalidade reversa para artigos seccionais&#46; O formul&#225;rio foi desenvolvido com base nos crit&#233;rios do <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology</span> &#40;Strobe&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0380"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">26</span></a> e na literatura&#44; com o objetivo principal de avaliar a validade externa e interna dos diferentes tipos de estudos inclu&#237;dos nesta revis&#227;o&#46;</p><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">As respostas aos itens &#8220;sim&#8221; &#40;&#43;&#41; ou &#8220;n&#227;o&#8221; &#40;&#8208;&#41; indicaram que as informa&#231;&#245;es foram ou n&#227;o consideradas&#44; respectivamente&#59; &#8220;parcialmente&#8221; &#40;&#43;&#47;&#41; foi considerado quando parte do crit&#233;rio foi cumprido e &#40;&#63;&#41; foi usado quando a informa&#231;&#227;o n&#227;o era suficientemente clara&#46;</p></span></span><span id="sec0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0110">Resultados</span><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A pesquisa resultou em 239 artigos&#46; Ap&#243;s a exclus&#227;o das duplicatas&#44; foram selecionados 132 para a leitura dos t&#237;tulos e resumos&#46; Posteriormente&#44; foram escolhidos 20 para leitura na totalidade&#46; Foram identificados para inclus&#227;o na revis&#227;o 12 estudos&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0330"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16&#8211;19&#44;27&#8211;34</span></a> A <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">figura 1</a> mostra o diagrama de fluxo do processo de sele&#231;&#227;o do estudo&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">As caracter&#237;sticas gerais dos artigos inclu&#237;dos nesta revis&#227;o s&#227;o apresentadas na <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">tabela 1</a>&#46; Dos estudos inclu&#237;dos na revis&#227;o final&#44; dez foram de corte seccional&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0335"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17&#8211;19&#44;27&#8211;32&#44;34</span></a> um de caso&#8208;controle<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0330"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a> e apenas um estudo de coorte prospectiva&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0415"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">33</span></a> Os estudos foram publicados entre 2001 e 2017&#46; A idade das crian&#231;as estudadas variou entre dois dias e seis meses&#46; Quatro estudos foram feitos nos Estados Unidos&#44; dois na &#205;ndia&#44; dois no Brasil&#44; um na China&#44; um na Austr&#225;lia&#44; um em oito pa&#237;ses da &#193;frica &#40;Qu&#234;nia&#44; Tanz&#226;nia&#44; Gana&#44; Lib&#233;ria&#44; Nig&#233;ria&#44; Malawi&#44; Z&#226;mbia&#44; Zimbabwe&#41; e um em Bangladesh&#46; O tamanho da amostra dos estudos variou de 212 a 118&#46;579 participantes&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A VPI foi investigada de diferentes formas dentre os estudos&#46; Seis estudos investigaram a viol&#234;ncia f&#237;sica&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0335"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17&#44;19&#44;30&#44;31&#44;33&#44;34</span></a> Tr&#234;s&#44; a viol&#234;ncia sexual<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0400"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">30&#44;31&#44;34</span></a> e dois avaliaram a viol&#234;ncia emocional&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0405"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31&#44;34</span></a> Os sete restantes consideraram a experi&#234;ncia de viol&#234;ncia&#44; ou seja&#44; ter sido v&#237;tima de agress&#227;o&#44; seja ela f&#237;sica&#44; sexual ou emocional&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0330"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16&#44;18&#44;27&#8211;30&#44;32</span></a> Somente um artigo abordou a mulher como perpetradora da viol&#234;ncia&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0395"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">29</span></a></p><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Entre os estudos inclu&#237;dos na revis&#227;o&#44; dois estudos analisaram a inten&#231;&#227;o de amamentar&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0390"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">28&#44;29</span></a> dois examinaram o in&#237;cio da amamenta&#231;&#227;o&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0340"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18&#44;31</span></a> tr&#234;s avaliaram a oferta do leite materno&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0330"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16&#44;17&#44;32</span></a> oito analisaram o aleitamento materno exclusivo<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0335"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17&#44;19&#44;27&#44;28&#44;30&#44;31&#44;33&#44;34</span></a> e dois examinaram a dura&#231;&#227;o do aleitamento materno&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0330"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16&#44;28</span></a></p><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Para avaliar as pr&#225;ticas de aleitamento materno&#44; a maioria dos estudos &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>10&#41; usou algum tipo de registro ou recordat&#243;rio de consumo alimentar &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">tabela 1</a>&#44; coluna 11&#41;&#46;</p><span id="sec0055" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0115">Associa&#231;&#227;o entre VPI e PAM</span><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os resultados globais desta revis&#227;o sistem&#225;tica s&#227;o apresentados na <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">tabela 2</a>&#46; A VPI foi associada significativamente com&#58; uma menor chance de inten&#231;&#227;o de amamentar em um estudo&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0395"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">29</span></a> a interrup&#231;&#227;o precoce do aleitamento materno exclusivo em seis estudos&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0345"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19&#44;28&#44;30&#44;31&#44;33&#44;34</span></a> menor chance de iniciar o aleitamento materno<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0340"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18&#44;31</span></a> e com a curta dura&#231;&#227;o do aleitamento materno&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0390"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">28</span></a> Resultados contradit&#243;rios foram observados em um estudo feito por Misch &#38; Yount<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0405"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a> em diferentes pa&#237;ses da &#193;frica&#46; A VPI f&#237;sica na Tanz&#226;nia e a VPI sexual na Z&#226;mbia foram associadas com o in&#237;cio precoce do aleitamento materno &#40;oferta do leite materno na primeira hora ap&#243;s o parto&#41; &#40;OR 0&#44;47&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;042&#41; e com maiores chances da pr&#225;tica do aleitamento materno exclusivo &#40;OR 0&#44;40&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;025&#41;&#44; respectivamente &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">tabela 2</a>&#44; colunas 3 e 5&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Cinco estudos n&#227;o observaram associa&#231;&#227;o significativa entre VPI e PAM&#46; A viol&#234;ncia f&#237;sica n&#227;o foi significativamente associada &#224; oferta de leite materno&#44; &#224; inicia&#231;&#227;o do aleitamento materno e &#224; interrup&#231;&#227;o precoce do aleitamento materno exclusivo&#59;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0335"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17&#44;31</span></a> a viol&#234;ncia emocional n&#227;o foi associada ao in&#237;cio e &#224; interrup&#231;&#227;o precoce da amamenta&#231;&#227;o exclusiva <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0405"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a> e a experi&#234;ncia de algum tipo de viol&#234;ncia n&#227;o foi associada &#224; oferta de leite materno&#44; &#224; dura&#231;&#227;o da amamenta&#231;&#227;o e &#224; interrup&#231;&#227;o precoce da amamenta&#231;&#227;o exclusiva&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0330"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16&#44;27&#44;32</span></a></p></span><span id="sec0060" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0120">Suscetibilidade a vieses</span><p id="par0125" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">tabela 3</a> fornece uma descri&#231;&#227;o individual da suscetibilidade a vieses para cada estudo&#46; Para a vari&#225;vel PAM&#44; nove estudos descreveram como essa vari&#225;vel foi categorizada e analisada&#46; Apenas seis estudos usaram o m&#233;todo recordat&#243;rio de 24 horas para mencionar a oferta de leite materno&#44; inicia&#231;&#227;o&#44; interrup&#231;&#227;o precoce da amamenta&#231;&#227;o exclusiva e&#47;ou dura&#231;&#227;o da amamenta&#231;&#227;o&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0345"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19&#44;30&#44;31&#44;33&#44;34</span></a></p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0015"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0130" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Em rela&#231;&#227;o &#224; VPI&#44; nove estudos mostraram claramente como a vari&#225;vel foi categorizada e as formas de viol&#234;ncia abordadas separadamente&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0335"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17&#44;19&#44;31&#8211;34</span></a> Para medir a VPI&#44; seis estudos usaram instrumentos validados completos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0340"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18&#44;19&#44;30&#44;32&#8211;34</span></a> e dois usaram a CTS&#8208;2 reduzida ou adaptada&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0400"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">30&#44;31</span></a> Os outros demais estudos usaram medidas diferentes&#44; por exemplo&#44; fizeram perguntas relacionadas &#224; vari&#225;vel viol&#234;ncia<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0335"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17&#44;27&#8211;29</span></a> &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">tabela 1</a>&#44; coluna 8&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0135" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Dos oito artigos que usaram um instrumento validado&#44; seis encontraram uma associa&#231;&#227;o significativa entre o VPI e as PAM&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0340"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18&#44;19&#44;30&#44;31&#44;33&#44;34</span></a></p><p id="par0140" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A qualidade variou entre os estudos e seis foram classificados como baixa suscetibilidade ao vi&#233;s &#40;cumpriram com 60&#37; ou mais dos crit&#233;rios estabelecidos&#41; a partir dos itens julgados&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0340"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18&#44;19&#44;30&#44;31&#44;33&#44;34</span></a></p></span></span><span id="sec0065" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0125">Discuss&#227;o</span><p id="par0145" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Esta revis&#227;o apontou evid&#234;ncias de que a VPI est&#225; associada com PAM desfavor&#225;veis&#44; observada em oito dos 12 estudos inclu&#237;dos&#46; Resultados como a menor inten&#231;&#227;o de amamentar&#44; baixa probabilidade de inicia&#231;&#227;o ao aleitamento materno e de amamenta&#231;&#227;o exclusiva durante os primeiros seis meses de vida da crian&#231;a e a maior chance de interrup&#231;&#227;o do aleitamento materno exclusivo est&#227;o presentes entre casais nos quais existe a viol&#234;ncia f&#237;sica&#44; sexual e&#47;ou emocional&#46; Os resultados do &#250;nico estudo prospectivo mostram que os filhos de mulheres que sofreram viol&#234;ncia f&#237;sica estavam em maior risco de interrup&#231;&#227;o precoce da amamenta&#231;&#227;o exclusiva&#44; tanto no segundo m&#234;s de vida como no m&#234;s seguinte&#44; mesmo ap&#243;s o controle de poss&#237;veis fatores de confus&#227;o&#46; No entanto&#44; outros estudos n&#227;o observaram associa&#231;&#227;o significativa entre VPI e PAM&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; no estudo de Misch &#38; Yount &#40;2014&#41;&#44; a exposi&#231;&#227;o materna &#224; VPI relacionou&#8208;se significativamente com o in&#237;cio da amamenta&#231;&#227;o precoce e a amamenta&#231;&#227;o exclusiva&#46;</p><p id="par0150" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Conceitualmente&#44; os poss&#237;veis caminhos dessas rela&#231;&#245;es s&#227;o complexos e ainda n&#227;o est&#227;o totalmente estabelecidos&#46; Com base na literatura&#44; pode&#8208;se especular sobre essas associa&#231;&#245;es em ambas as dire&#231;&#245;es&#46; Por um lado&#44; os caminhos de efetua&#231;&#227;o podem ser usados para explicar que a viol&#234;ncia pode aumentar as chances de comportamentos de risco &#40;abuso de &#225;lcool e drogas&#44; por exemplo&#41; e a probabilidade de um resultado adverso &#224; sa&#250;de&#44; inclusive pr&#225;ticas inadequadas de alimenta&#231;&#227;o infantil&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0345"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19&#44;35</span></a> Ainda&#44; a viol&#234;ncia pode ter repercuss&#245;es no estado emocional da m&#227;e e&#44; consequentemente&#44; na sua disponibilidade para cuidar ou se relacionar com as crian&#231;as e interagir com elas &#8211; qualidade da maternidade&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0400"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">30&#44;36</span></a> Al&#233;m disso&#44; Klingelhafer &#40;2007&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0435"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">37</span></a> e Dignam &#40;1995&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0440"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">38</span></a> sugerem que alguns parceiros acreditam que exista diferen&#231;a na rela&#231;&#227;o das suas esposas com eles e delas com a crian&#231;a durante o per&#237;odo de amamenta&#231;&#227;o&#46; Os companheiros podem considerar os seios da m&#227;e como pertencentes a eles e&#44; portanto&#44; n&#227;o est&#227;o preparados para compartilh&#225;&#8208;los com o beb&#234;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0445"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">39</span></a> De acordo com Dignam &#40;1995&#41;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0440"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">38</span></a> a amamenta&#231;&#227;o proporciona uma troca &#237;ntima entre m&#227;e e filho&#44; traz harmonia&#44; proximidade emocional&#44; pele sens&#237;vel ao toque e reciprocidade&#46; Essa rela&#231;&#227;o acaba por excluir o parceiro que pode ver a crian&#231;a como um concorrente da aten&#231;&#227;o da mulher&#44; e assim&#44; ele desencoraja a amamenta&#231;&#227;o e assume uma atitude agressiva em rela&#231;&#227;o &#224; m&#227;e e ao rec&#233;m&#8208;nascido&#46; Por outro lado&#44; Levandovsky et al&#46; &#40;2003&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0450"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">40</span></a> sugerem a possibilidade de uma &#8220;hip&#243;tese compensat&#243;ria&#8221; sob a qual mulheres maltratadas tentam compensar a viol&#234;ncia dando mais aten&#231;&#227;o e responsividade &#224; crian&#231;a&#46; Na mesma dire&#231;&#227;o&#44; um estudo de Kelly &#40;2009&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0455"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">41</span></a> com m&#227;es hisp&#226;nicas residentes nos Estados Unidos mostrou que as mulheres maltratadas priorizam&#44; protegem e cuidam de seus filhos em situa&#231;&#245;es de viol&#234;ncia&#46;</p><p id="par0155" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Outros estudos mostram que o apoio dos parceiros durante a amamenta&#231;&#227;o &#233; um fator significativo no sucesso das mulheres com o aleitamento&#46; No entanto&#44; o apoio dos parceiros &#233; menos prov&#225;vel de ocorrer em uma rela&#231;&#227;o abusiva&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0460"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">42</span></a> As mulheres que durante os per&#237;odos pr&#233;&#8208;natal e p&#243;s&#8208;parto se sentem mais apoiadas pelos seus parceiros&#44; t&#234;m mais confian&#231;a e autoestima e&#44; portanto&#44; s&#227;o mais propensas a iniciar e manter a amamenta&#231;&#227;o&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0390"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">28&#44;29&#44;31</span></a></p><p id="par0160" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Adiciona&#8208;se a aus&#234;ncia de estudos que investigassem a viol&#234;ncia perpetrada pelas mulheres&#46; Exceto por um estudo&#44; a viol&#234;ncia entre parceiros &#237;ntimos foi investigada em algum momento da vida da mulher&#44; no relacionamento anterior ou atual e&#47;ou durante gesta&#231;&#227;o e suas consequ&#234;ncias nas PAM&#44; observou&#8208;se&#44; por tanto&#44; uma lacuna sobre o conhecimento desse aspecto no que diz respeito ao comportamento da mulher como perpetradora da viol&#234;ncia e suas implica&#231;&#245;es&#46;</p><p id="par0165" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Em geral&#44; quanto &#224; susceptibilidade a vieses&#44; quatro estudos receberam uma avalia&#231;&#227;o negativa&#44; o que pode afetar a validade dos resultados desses estudos&#46; Esses poss&#237;veis vieses incluem o uso de ferramentas para identificar as pr&#225;ticas de aleitamento materno&#44; as categorias de viol&#234;ncia emocional com an&#225;lise f&#237;sica e sexual em conjunto&#44; o uso de instrumentos n&#227;o validados para medir a exposi&#231;&#227;o e o desfecho e o ajuste da an&#225;lise sem considerar vari&#225;veis de confus&#227;o relacionadas &#224; exposi&#231;&#227;o e ao desfecho&#46;</p><p id="par0170" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A maioria dos estudos inclu&#237;dos na presente revis&#227;o mediu as PAM atrav&#233;s de recordat&#243;rios de 24 horas &#40;medi&#231;&#227;o circunstancial&#41;&#46; Nessa perspectiva&#44; pode ser inapropriado avaliar&#44; por exemplo&#44; a dura&#231;&#227;o do aleitamento materno exclusivo&#44; uma vez que esse m&#233;todo se destina a fornecer um cen&#225;rio de pr&#225;ticas atuais&#46; Assim como&#44; em estudo observado por Greiner &#40;2014&#41;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0465"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">43</span></a> o recordat&#243;rio de 24 horas pode gerar erro na estimativa de aleitamento materno exclusivo&#46; Crian&#231;as que recebem outros l&#237;quidos irregularmente podem n&#227;o os ter consumido no dia anterior &#224; pesquisa&#46;</p><p id="par0175" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A mensura&#231;&#227;o da exposi&#231;&#227;o variou entre os estudos&#44; inclusive diferentes escalas para medir VPI&#44; diferentes pontos de corte e diversos tipos de rela&#231;&#245;es e per&#237;odos de exposi&#231;&#227;o investigados&#46; Outro aspecto que deve ser destacado est&#225; relacionado ao per&#237;odo em que a exposi&#231;&#227;o foi investigada&#46; Esta revis&#227;o incluiu estudos que estimaram a exposi&#231;&#227;o ao longo da vida&#44; durante a inf&#226;ncia&#44; durante a gravidez e no p&#243;s&#8208;parto e nos &#250;ltimos 12 meses&#46; Pesquisas dispon&#237;veis mostram que a mensura&#231;&#227;o da VPI pode ser feita atrav&#233;s de 20 escalas diferentes&#44; que incluem itens que avaliam apenas um tipo de viol&#234;ncia&#44; como viol&#234;ncia sexual ou abuso emocional&#44; ou que pretendem avaliar mais de um tipo de viol&#234;ncia&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0470"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">44&#44;45</span></a> Quest&#245;es relativas &#224; validade e confiabilidade dessas escalas&#44; os seus objetivos&#44; as consequ&#234;ncias potenciais ou os poss&#237;veis impactos sobre os resultados dos estudos que tratam associa&#231;&#227;o da VPI com diferentes resultados no campo da nutri&#231;&#227;o materna e infantil merecem reflex&#227;o&#46; Como observado por Misch &#38; Yount &#40;2014&#41;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0405"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a> os resultados podem ser v&#225;lidos&#44; ou podem ter algum grau de erro de classifica&#231;&#227;o devido&#44; por exemplo&#44; &#224; falta de mem&#243;ria&#44; &#224; m&#225; interpreta&#231;&#227;o da quest&#227;o&#44; ou&#44; especialmente&#44; ao medo relacionado com as consequ&#234;ncias da divulga&#231;&#227;o&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; instrumentos com quest&#245;es espec&#237;ficas sobre diferentes formas e intensidade de viol&#234;ncia experimentada pelos casais s&#227;o mais propensos a captar uma situa&#231;&#227;o de viol&#234;ncia do que aqueles que usam uma &#250;nica quest&#227;o&#46; Nessa perspectiva&#44; as associa&#231;&#245;es entre vitimiza&#231;&#227;o da VPI materna com pr&#225;ticas de aleitamento materno&#44; por exemplo&#44; podem estar super ou subestimadas&#46; Importante mencionar que a maioria dos estudos inclu&#237;dos nesta revis&#227;o foi seccional&#44; portanto h&#225; um poss&#237;vel vi&#233;s de mem&#243;ria em rela&#231;&#227;o a perguntas aos participantes sobre exposi&#231;&#227;o e pr&#225;ticas no passado&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0480"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">46</span></a> Al&#233;m disso&#44; &#233; dif&#237;cil separar causas e efeitos&#44; uma vez que a preval&#234;ncia de desfecho e a exposi&#231;&#227;o s&#227;o avaliadas simultaneamente entre os indiv&#237;duos&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0480"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">46</span></a></p><p id="par0180" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Outra caracter&#237;stica importante do presente estudo &#233; que&#44; embora nossos crit&#233;rios de pesquisa inclu&#237;ssem crian&#231;as no primeiro ano de vida&#44; todos os estudos da revis&#227;o encontrados foram restritos a crian&#231;as de dois dias a seis meses&#46; &#201; prov&#225;vel que estudos focalizem pr&#225;ticas de alimenta&#231;&#227;o infantil precoces&#44; como o in&#237;cio da amamenta&#231;&#227;o e o aleitamento materno exclusivo&#44; dado o consenso internacional sobre sua import&#226;ncia e a recomenda&#231;&#227;o para a garantia de crescimento e desenvolvimento adequado das crian&#231;as&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0260"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2&#44;7</span></a></p><p id="par0185" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Cabe mencionar que&#44; apesar dos esfor&#231;os para pesquisar e considerar todos os estudos&#44; n&#227;o foi poss&#237;vel rastrear estudos na literatura cinzenta&#44; a fim de minimizar os efeitos potenciais do vi&#233;s de publica&#231;&#227;o&#46;</p><p id="par0190" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">As estrat&#233;gias para promover o aleitamento materno e as pr&#225;ticas de alimenta&#231;&#227;o infantil&#44; bem como a preven&#231;&#227;o da viol&#234;ncia entre parceiros &#237;ntimos&#44; continuam a ser desafios a serem superados&#46; A maioria das interven&#231;&#245;es pode ser feita em unidades de sa&#250;de onde ocorrem os cuidados prim&#225;rios das mulheres&#44; como cl&#237;nicas pr&#233;&#8208;natais&#44; obst&#233;tricas e ginecol&#243;gicas&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0485"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">47&#44;48</span></a> Outras categorias de interven&#231;&#245;es s&#227;o aquelas aplicadas diretamente contra o perpetrador da viol&#234;ncia&#46; Esse tipo de interven&#231;&#227;o &#233; feito&#44; em geral&#44; como parte da penalidade para os autores de viol&#234;ncia dom&#233;stica&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0495"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">49</span></a> Essas interven&#231;&#245;es existentes podem ser oferecidas diretamente aos homens sobre as perspectivas de diferen&#231;as de g&#234;nero&#44; abuso&#44; controle e momentos de raiva&#44; bem como o tratamento para abuso de drogas e &#225;lcool&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0500"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">50</span></a></p><p id="par0195" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">As pesquisas futuras devem focar n&#227;o somente em pr&#225;ticas adequadas de aleitamento materno&#44; mas tamb&#233;m na introdu&#231;&#227;o adequada de alimenta&#231;&#227;o complementar e alimenta&#231;&#227;o infantil&#44; dada sua import&#226;ncia para o desenvolvimento e crescimento na inf&#226;ncia e na idade adulta&#46; Ainda&#44; para melhorar a compreens&#227;o atual da rela&#231;&#227;o entre VPI e pr&#225;ticas de alimenta&#231;&#227;o infantil&#44; novas investiga&#231;&#245;es requerem estudos prospectivos&#44; feitos em contextos mais amplos&#44; o uso de instrumentos validados e an&#225;lise substancial e que abordem ambos os g&#234;neros&#44; dada a complexidade dessa rela&#231;&#227;o&#46;</p><p id="par0200" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A viol&#234;ncia &#233; um fen&#244;meno complexo que envolve todos os membros da fam&#237;lia e&#44; portanto&#44; os programas de interven&#231;&#227;o precisam ser incentivados contra a viol&#234;ncia dom&#233;stica&#44; entre as v&#237;timas e os perpetradores como uma excelente maneira de obter uma mudan&#231;a de pensamento e comportamento social sobre a viol&#234;ncia&#46; O principal objetivo desses programas deve ser prevenir a viol&#234;ncia de g&#234;nero&#44; aumentar a confian&#231;a e proteger as mulheres contra seus relacionamentos abusivos e suas consequ&#234;ncias&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; os estudos que investigam o papel espec&#237;fico de cada tipo de viol&#234;ncia na inicia&#231;&#227;o e na dura&#231;&#227;o da amamenta&#231;&#227;o ajudam na cria&#231;&#227;o de estrat&#233;gias mais espec&#237;ficas para serem usadas nos cuidados de sa&#250;de&#46; Em um n&#237;vel pr&#225;tico&#44; a melhoria da autoestima e da confian&#231;a das mulheres durante os per&#237;odos pr&#233;&#8208;natal e p&#243;s&#8208;parto pode ter efeitos ben&#233;ficos em v&#225;rios n&#237;veis&#46; Isso n&#227;o seria apenas uma maneira de quebrar o ciclo de viol&#234;ncia&#44; mas tamb&#233;m ajudar a melhorar as atitudes das mulheres em rela&#231;&#227;o a si mesmas e seus beb&#234;s e&#44; eventualmente&#44; teria um efeito positivo sobre a amamenta&#231;&#227;o&#46; Assim&#44; compreender o contexto e as motiva&#231;&#245;es das m&#227;es que s&#227;o v&#237;timas de viol&#234;ncia e amamentam seus filhos pode ser &#250;til para aconselhamento e apoio a todas as m&#227;es vitimizadas&#44; al&#233;m de considerar esses fatores no planejamento de pol&#237;ticas e programas de alimenta&#231;&#227;o e nutri&#231;&#227;o na inf&#226;ncia&#46;</p><p id="par0205" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Finalmente&#44; &#233; importante entender como os efeitos da VPI podem variar entre contextos culturais e quanto &#224; disponibilidade e qualidade do cuidado pr&#233;&#8208;natal&#44; &#224;s cren&#231;as populares em rela&#231;&#227;o ao aleitamento materno e aos esfor&#231;os existentes de sa&#250;de p&#250;blica para promover a amamenta&#231;&#227;o&#46; Essas diferen&#231;as contextuais tamb&#233;m podem ajudar a explicar por que os resultados variam de pa&#237;s para pa&#237;s&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0070" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0130">Financiamento</span><p id="par0210" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Funda&#231;&#227;o de Apoio &#224; Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Carlos Chagas Filho &#40;Faperj&#41;&#59; Coordena&#231;&#227;o de Aperfei&#231;oamento do Pessoal de N&#237;vel Superior &#40;Capes&#41;&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0075" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0135">Conflitos de interesse</span><p id="par0215" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os autores declaram n&#227;o haver conflitos de interesse&#46;</p></span></span>"
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              "titulo" => "Conclus&#245;es"
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          "titulo" => "Palavras&#8208;chave"
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          "titulo" => "Introdu&#231;&#227;o"
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          "secciones" => array:7 [
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              "identificador" => "sec0015"
              "titulo" => "Crit&#233;rio de elegibilidade"
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            1 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "sec0020"
              "titulo" => "Defini&#231;&#227;o e mensura&#231;&#227;o da exposi&#231;&#227;o &#40;VPI&#41;"
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              "identificador" => "sec0025"
              "titulo" => "Defini&#231;&#227;o e mensura&#231;&#227;o do desfecho &#8211; Pr&#225;ticas de aleitamento materno &#40;PAM&#41;"
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            3 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "sec0030"
              "titulo" => "Estrat&#233;gia de pesquisa"
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              "titulo" => "Crit&#233;rios de sele&#231;&#227;o"
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              "titulo" => "Extra&#231;&#227;o de dados"
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              "titulo" => "Suscetibilidade a vieses"
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          "titulo" => "Resultados"
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            0 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "sec0055"
              "titulo" => "Associa&#231;&#227;o entre VPI e PAM"
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              "identificador" => "sec0060"
              "titulo" => "Suscetibilidade a vieses"
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          "identificador" => "sec0075"
          "titulo" => "Conflitos de interesse"
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          "titulo" => "Refer&#234;ncias"
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    "tienePdf" => true
    "fechaRecibido" => "2017-04-05"
    "fechaAceptado" => "2017-06-14"
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        0 => array:4 [
          "clase" => "keyword"
          "titulo" => "Keywords"
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec983699"
          "palabras" => array:5 [
            0 => "Breastfeeding"
            1 => "Human milk"
            2 => "Intimate partner violence"
            3 => "Domestic violence"
            4 => "Review"
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        ]
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      "pt" => array:1 [
        0 => array:4 [
          "clase" => "keyword"
          "titulo" => "Palavras&#8208;chave"
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec983700"
          "palabras" => array:5 [
            0 => "Amamenta&#231;&#227;o"
            1 => "Leite humano"
            2 => "Viol&#234;ncia entre parceiros &#237;ntimos"
            3 => "Viol&#234;ncia dom&#233;stica"
            4 => "Revis&#227;o"
          ]
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      "en" => array:3 [
        "titulo" => "Abstract"
        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Objective</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To review the association between intimate partner violence and breastfeeding practices in the literature&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Data sources</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The search was carried out in five databases&#44; including MEDLINE&#44; LILACS&#44; SCOPUS&#44; PsycoINFO&#44; and Science Direct&#46; The search strategy was carried out in February 2017&#46; The authors included original studies with observational design&#44; which investigated forms of intimate partner violence &#40;including emotional&#44; physical&#44; and&#47;or sexual&#41; and breastfeeding practices&#46; The quality of the studies was assessed based on the bias susceptibility through criteria specifically developed for this review&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Summary of data</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The study included 12 original articles &#40;10 cross&#8208;sectional&#44; one case&#8208;control&#44; and one cohort study&#41; carried out in different countries&#46; The forms of intimate partner violence observed were emotional&#44; physical&#44; and&#47;or sexual&#46; Breastfeeding was investigated by different tools and only assessed children between 2 days and 6 months of life&#46; Of the 12 studies included in this review&#44; eight found a lower breastfeeding intention&#44; breastfeeding initiation&#44; and exclusive breastfeeding during the first six months of the child&#39;s life&#44; and a higher likelihood of early termination of exclusive breastfeeding among women living at home where violence was present&#46; The quality varied between the studies and six were classified as having low bias susceptibility based on the assessed items&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Conclusions</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Intimate partner violence is associated with inadequate breastfeeding practices of children aged 2 days to 6 months of life&#46;</p></span>"
        "secciones" => array:4 [
          0 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0005"
            "titulo" => "Objective"
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          1 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0010"
            "titulo" => "Data sources"
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          2 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0015"
            "titulo" => "Summary of data"
          ]
          3 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0020"
            "titulo" => "Conclusions"
          ]
        ]
      ]
      "pt" => array:3 [
        "titulo" => "Resumo"
        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Objetivo</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Revisar na literatura a associa&#231;&#227;o da viol&#234;ncia entre parceiros &#237;ntimos e as pr&#225;ticas de aleitamento materno&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Fontes dos dados</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Foram utilizadas para as buscas cinco bases de dados&#44; incluindo o MEDLINE&#44; LILACS&#44; SCOPUS&#44; PsycoINFO e Science Direct&#46; A estrat&#233;gia de busca foi realizada em fevereiro de 2017&#46; Foram inclu&#237;dos estudos originais com desenho observacional&#44; os quais investigaram formas de viol&#234;ncia entre parceiros &#237;ntimos&#58; emocional&#44; f&#237;sica e&#47;ou sexual e as pr&#225;ticas de aleitamento materno&#46; A qualidade dos estudos foi avaliada a partir da susceptibilidade a vieses por crit&#233;rios especificamente desenvolvidos para esta revis&#227;o&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">S&#237;ntese dos dados</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Foram inclu&#237;dos 12 artigos originais &#40;10 seccionais&#44; 1 caso&#8208;controle e 1 coorte&#41; realizados em diferentes pa&#237;ses&#46; As formas de viol&#234;ncia entre parceiros &#237;ntimos observadas foram emocional&#44; f&#237;sica e&#47;ou sexual&#46; O aleitamento materno investigado nos estudos se fez por diferentes instrumentos e avaliaram apenas crian&#231;as entre dois dias e seis meses&#46; Dos doze estudos inclu&#237;dos nesta revis&#227;o&#44; oito encontraram menor chance de inten&#231;&#227;o de amamentar&#44; menor chance de inicia&#231;&#227;o ao aleitamento materno e de amamenta&#231;&#227;o exclusiva durante os primeiros seis meses de vida da crian&#231;a e maior probabilidade de interrup&#231;&#227;o precoce do aleitamento materno exclusivo entre as mulheres que viviam em domic&#237;lios onde a viol&#234;ncia estava presente&#46; A qualidade variou entre os estudos e seis foram classificados apresentando baixa suscetibilidade ao vi&#233;s a partir dos itens julgados&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Conclus&#245;es</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A viol&#234;ncia entre parceiros &#237;ntimos est&#225; relacionada &#224;s pr&#225;ticas inadequadas de aleitamento materno de crian&#231;as entre dois dias e seis meses&#46;</p></span>"
        "secciones" => array:4 [
          0 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0025"
            "titulo" => "Objetivo"
          ]
          1 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0030"
            "titulo" => "Fontes dos dados"
          ]
          2 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0035"
            "titulo" => "S&#237;ntese dos dados"
          ]
          3 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0040"
            "titulo" => "Conclus&#245;es"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "NotaPie" => array:1 [
      0 => array:2 [
        "etiqueta" => "&#9734;"
        "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0070">Como citar este artigo&#58; Mezzavilla RS&#44; Ferreira MF&#44; Curioni CC&#44; Lindsay AC&#44; Hasselmann MH&#46; Intimate partner violence and breastfeeding practices&#58; a systematic review of observational studies&#46; J Pediatr &#40;Rio J&#41;&#46; 2018&#59;94&#58;226&#8211;37&#46;</p>"
      ]
    ]
    "multimedia" => array:4 [
      0 => array:7 [
        "identificador" => "fig0005"
        "etiqueta" => "Figura 1"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "figura" => array:1 [
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        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "pt" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Fluxo de estudos inclu&#237;dos na revis&#227;o &#8211; Prisma &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta&#8208;Analyses</span>&#41;&#46;</p>"
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        "etiqueta" => "Tabela 1"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "detalles" => array:1 [
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            "identificador" => "at1"
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            "rol" => "short"
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        "tabla" => array:3 [
          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0055" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">AAS&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Abuse Assessement Screen</span>&#59; AM&#44; aleitamento materno&#59; AME&#44; aleitamento materno exclusivo&#59; CAS&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Composite Abuse Scale</span>&#59; CTS&#8208;1&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Conflict Tactics Scales</span>&#59; CTS&#8208;2&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">The revised Conflict Tactics Scale &#8211; 2&#59;</span> Ipame&#44; Interrup&#231;&#227;o precoce do aleitamento materno exclusivo&#59; LM&#44; leite materno&#59; NA&#44; n&#227;o aplicado&#59; NR&#44; n&#227;o reportado&#59; OMS&#44; Organiza&#231;&#227;o Mundial de Sa&#250;de&#59; PAM&#44; pr&#225;ticas de aleitamento materno&#59; VPI&#44; viol&#234;ncia entre parceiros &#237;ntimos&#46;</p>"
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                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td-with-role" title="table-head ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">1&#176; Autor<br>Ano<br>Pa&#237;s do estudo&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Amostra total<br>&#40;N&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Idade materna<br>&#40;anos&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Idade da crian&#231;a&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Desenho de estudo&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " colspan="3" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">VPI</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " colspan="3" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">PAM</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Exposi&#231;&#227;o&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Per&#237;odo avaliado&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Instrumentos&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Desfecho&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Per&#237;odo avaliado&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Instrumentos&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Bullock<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0330"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a> 2001 USA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">212&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">24&#44;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>5&#44;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NR&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Caso&#8208;controle&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Experi&#234;ncia de viol&#234;ncia<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">AAS<br>Quest&#245;es&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Oferta de LM<br>Dura&#231;&#227;o da AM&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#176; m&#234;s p&#243;s&#8208;parto<br>N&#250;mero de meses em AM&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Question&#225;rio com itens sobre AM&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Silverman<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0335"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a> 2006 USA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">118&#46;579&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#60; 20<br>20&#8208;30<br>&#62; 30&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#60; 4 semanas<br>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Seccional&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">F&#237;sica&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">12 meses antes&#47;durante e atual gesta&#231;&#227;o&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Question&#225;rio contendo 2 itens sobre VPI&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Oferta de LM<br>Ipame&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Ofereceu ou n&#227;o LM p&#243;s&#8208;parto<br>At&#233; a 4&#170; semana<br>p&#243;s&#8208;parto&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Question&#225;rio com itens sobre AM&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Lau<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0340"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a> 2007 China&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#46;200&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#62; 25<br>&#8804; 25&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NR&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Seccional&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Experi&#234;ncia de viol&#234;ncia<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a><br>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Durante a gesta&#231;&#227;o&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">AAS<br>CTS&#8208;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Oferta de LM<br><br>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2&#8208;5 dias p&#243;s&#8208;parto&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Question&#225;rio com itens sobre m&#233;todos de alimenta&#231;&#227;o&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Moraes<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0345"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19</span></a><br>2011<br>Brasil&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">811&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">20&#8208;35&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">5<br>meses<br>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Seccional&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">F&#237;sica grave&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Durante a gesta&#231;&#227;o&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">CTS&#8208;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Ipame&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">At&#233; 5&#176; m&#234;s p&#243;s&#8208;parto&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Recordat&#243;rio dos &#250;ltimos 7 dias&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Shroff<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0385"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">27</span></a><br>2011<br>&#205;ndia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">600&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">22&#44;14<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3&#44;35<br>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3&#44;4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;54 meses<br>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Seccional&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Experi&#234;ncia de viol&#234;ncia<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Rela&#231;&#227;o atual&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2 quest&#245;es sobre experi&#234;ncia de VPI&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Ipame&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">At&#233; 4&#176; m&#234;s p&#243;s&#8208;parto&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Question&#225;rio usado no <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Survey</span> NFHS2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Sipsma<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0390"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">28</span></a><br>2013<br>USA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">296&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">15&#8208;21&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">6<br>meses&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Seccional&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Experi&#234;ncia de viol&#234;ncia<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Rela&#231;&#227;o atual&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Quest&#245;es sobre experi&#234;ncia de VPI&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Inten&#231;&#227;o de amamentar<br>In&#237;cio da AM<br><br>Dura&#231;&#227;o do AM e AME&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Durante a gesta&#231;&#227;o<br><br>Iniciou AM p&#243;s&#8208;parto<br>N&#250;mero de semanas em AM e AME&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Question&#225;rio sobre experi&#234;ncia e pr&#225;ticas de AM&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Sipsma<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0395"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">29</span></a><br>2013<br>USA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">296&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">15&#8208;21<br>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NR&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Seccional&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Experi&#234;ncia de<br>viol&#234;ncia<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Rela&#231;&#227;o atual&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Quest&#245;es sobre experi&#234;ncia de VPI&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Inten&#231;&#227;o de amamentar&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Durante a gesta&#231;&#227;o&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Quest&#245;es sobre a inten&#231;&#227;o de amamentar&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Zureick&#8208;Brown<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0400"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">30</span></a><br>2013<br>&#205;ndia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3&#46;552&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">M&#233;dia 24&#44;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#44;7 meses&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Seccional&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">F&#237;sica&#47;sexual&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Durante a vida&#47;Rela&#231;&#227;o atual&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">CTS&#8208;2 reduzida&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">In&#237;cio precoce do AM<br>Ipame&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Uma hora p&#243;s&#8208;parto<br>At&#233; 4&#176; m&#234;s p&#243;s&#8208;parto&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Recordat&#243;rio de 24 horas&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Misch<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0405"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a><br>2014<br><br>&#193;frica&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Pa&#237;ses africanos<br>4&#46;822&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">15&#8208;49&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#60; 6<br>meses&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Seccional&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">F&#237;sica&#44; sexual&#44; emocional&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Durante a vida&#47;Anos anteriores&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">CTS&#8208;2 quest&#245;es adaptadas&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">In&#237;cio precoce do AM<br>Ipame&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Iniciou AM p&#243;s&#8208;parto<br>At&#233; 6&#176; m&#234;s p&#243;s&#8208;parto&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Quest&#245;es sobre AM&#44; outros l&#237;quidos e alimentos nas &#250;ltimas 24 horas&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">James<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0410"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">32</span></a><br>2014<br>Austr&#225;lia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2&#46;621&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">15&#8208;35 ou<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><br>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3&#8208;6<br>meses&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Seccional&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Experi&#234;ncia de viol&#234;ncia<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NR&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">CAS&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Oferta de LM<br>Dura&#231;&#227;o do AM&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Ofertou LM no per&#237;odo<br>Tempo total de AM&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Quest&#245;es sobre AM&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Hasselmann<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0415"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">33</span></a><br>2016<br>Brasil&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">564&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8805; 20 e &#60; 20<br>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">30&#8208;60 dias&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Coorte&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">F&#237;sica e f&#237;sica grave&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2&#176; m&#234;s de vida da crian&#231;a&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">CTS&#8208;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">IPAME&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2 e 3 meses de vida&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Recordat&#243;rio de 24 horas&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Islam<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0420"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">34</span></a><br>2017<br>Bangladesh&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">426&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">15&#8208;49&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8804; 6<br>meses&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Seccional&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">F&#237;sica&#44; sexual&#44; emocional&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Ap&#243;s o parto da rela&#231;&#227;o atual&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">OMS&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Dura&#231;&#227;o do AME&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Tempo total de AME&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Recordat&#243;rio de 24 horas da OMS&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
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              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0010">Qu&#234;nia&#44; Tanz&#226;nia&#44; Gana&#44; Lib&#233;ria&#44; Nig&#233;ria&#44; Malawi&#44; Z&#226;mbia&#44; Zimbabwe&#46;</p>"
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          "pt" => "<p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Caracter&#237;sticas gerais dos estudos que avaliaram a rela&#231;&#227;o da viol&#234;ncia entre parceiros &#237;ntimos e as pr&#225;ticas de aleitamento materno</p>"
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          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0065" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">IC 95&#37;&#44; intervalo de confian&#231;a 95&#37;&#59; Ipame&#44; interrup&#231;&#227;o precoce do aleitamento materno exclusivo&#59; LM&#44; leite materno&#59; NA&#44; n&#227;o aplicado&#59; PAM&#44; pr&#225;ticas de aleitamento materno&#59; RC&#44; raz&#227;o de chances&#59; RP&#44; raz&#227;o de preval&#234;ncia&#59; RR&#44; risco relativo&#59; VPI&#44; viol&#234;ncia entre parceiros &#237;ntimos&#46;</p>"
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                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td-with-role" title="table-head ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Formas de VPI&#47;<br>1&#176; Autor&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " colspan="5" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">PAM</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Inten&#231;&#227;o&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Inicia&#231;&#227;o<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Oferta do LM<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Ipame&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Dura&#231;&#227;o da<br>amamenta&#231;&#227;o&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Viol&#234;ncia f&#237;sica</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">g</span></a></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Silverman<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0335"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">N&#227;o significante<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">N&#227;o significante<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Misch<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0405"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Tanz&#226;nia&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">e</span></a> RC&#58; 0&#44;47&#59; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>&#8208;valor<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;042<br>Zimbabwe&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">e</span></a> RC&#58;2&#44;5&#59; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>&#8208;valor<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;002<br>Malawi&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">e</span></a> RC&#58; 0&#44;11&#59; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>&#8208;valor<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;013<br>Gana&#44; Lib&#233;ria&#44; Z&#226;mbia&#44; Qu&#234;nia&#44; Nig&#233;ria&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">e</span></a> N&#227;o significante&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Gana&#44; Lib&#233;ria&#44; Z&#226;mbia&#44; Tanz&#226;nia&#44; Qu&#234;nia&#44; Malawi&#44; Nig&#233;ria<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">f</span></a> N&#227;o significante&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Moraes<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0345"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">RR&#58; 1&#44;30&#59; IC 95&#37; 1&#44;01&#8208;1&#44;65&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Hasselmann<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0415"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">33</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">RR<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">h</span></a>&#58; 1&#44;35&#59; IC 95&#37; 1&#44;07&#8208;1&#44;71&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Islam<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0420"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">34</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">RC&#58; 1&#44;83&#59; IC 95&#37; 1&#44;03&#8208;1&#46;60&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Viol&#234;ncia f&#237;sica grave</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">g</span></a></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Hasselmann<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0415"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">33</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">RP<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">i</span></a>&#58; 1&#44;32&#59; IC 1&#44;04&#8208;1&#44;67<br>RR<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0060"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">j</span></a>&#58; 1&#44;51 IC 1&#44;16&#8208;1&#44;95<br>RR<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0065"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">l</span></a>&#58; 2&#44;10&#59; IC 1&#44;27&#8208;3&#44;48&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Viol&#234;ncia sexual</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">g</span></a></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Misch<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0405"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Z&#226;mbia&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">e</span></a> RC&#58; 2&#44;38&#59; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>&#8208;valor<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;017<br>Gana&#44; Lib&#233;ria&#44; Tanz&#226;nia&#44; Zimbabwe&#44; Qu&#234;nia&#44; Malawi&#44; Nig&#233;ria&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">f</span></a> N&#227;o significante&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Gana&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">f</span></a> RC&#58; 5&#44;88&#59; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>&#8208;valor<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;033<br>Lib&#233;ria&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">f</span></a> RC&#58; 11&#44;11&#59; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>&#8208;valor<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;026<br>Z&#226;mbia&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">f</span></a> RC&#58; 0&#44;40&#59; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>&#8208; valor<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;025<br>Tanz&#226;nia&#44; Zimbabwe&#44; Qu&#234;nia&#44; Malawi&#44; Nig&#233;ria&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">f</span></a> N&#227;o significante&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Islam<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0420"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">34</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">RC&#58; 1&#46;68&#59; IC 95&#37; 1&#44;20&#8208;1&#46;87&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Viol&#234;ncia emocional&#47;psicol&#243;gica</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">g</span></a></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Misch<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0405"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Qu&#234;nia&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">e</span></a> RC&#58; 1&#44;85&#59; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>&#8208; valor<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;050<br>Gana&#44; Lib&#233;ria&#44; Z&#226;mbia&#44; Tanz&#226;nia&#44; Zimbawe&#44; Malawi&#44; Nig&#233;ria&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">e</span></a> N&#227;o significante&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Gana&#44; Lib&#233;ria&#44; Z&#226;mbia&#44; Tanz&#226;nia&#44; Zimbawe&#44; Qu&#234;nia&#44; Malawi&#44; Nig&#233;ria&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">f</span></a><br>N&#227;o significante&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Islam<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0420"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">34</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#46;49&#59; IC 95&#37; 1&#46;00&#8208;1&#46;74&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
              ]
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                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td-with-role" title="table-head ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Formas de VPI&#47;<br>1&#176; Autor&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " colspan="5" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">PAM</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Inten&#231;&#227;o&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Inicia&#231;&#227;o<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Oferta do LM<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Ipame&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Dura&#231;&#227;o da amamenta&#231;&#227;o&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Viol&#234;ncia f&#237;sica&#47;sexual</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">g</span></a></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Zureick&#8208;Brown<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0400"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">30</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">RC&#58; 0&#44;74&#59; IC 95&#37; 0&#44;58&#8208;0&#44;95&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Alguma experi&#234;ncia de viol&#234;ncia</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">d</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#44;</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">g</span></a></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Bullock<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0330"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">N&#227;o significante&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">N&#227;o significante&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Sipsma<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0395"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">29</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">RC&#58; 0&#44;37&#59; IC 95&#37; 0&#44;16&#8208;0&#44;84&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Sipsma<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0390"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">28</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">N&#227;o significante&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">RC&#58; 3&#44;29&#59; IC 95&#37; 1&#44;81&#8208;6&#44;01&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">RC&#58; 1&#44;77&#59; IC 95&#37; 1&#44;21&#8208;0&#44;60&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>James<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0410"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">32</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">N&#227;o significante&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">N&#227;o significante&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Lau<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0340"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">RC&#58; 1&#44;84&#59; IC 95&#37; 1&#44;16 &#8208;2&#44;91&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Shroff<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0385"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">27</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">N&#227;o significante&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Zureick&#8208;Brown<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0400"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">30</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">RC&#58; 0&#44;78&#59; IC 95&#37; 0&#44;62&#8208;0&#44;98&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
              ]
              "imagenFichero" => array:1 [
                0 => "xTab1745591.png"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          "notaPie" => array:11 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "tblfn0015"
              "etiqueta" => "a"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0015">Quanto tempo depois do nascimento colocou o beb&#234; ao seio materno&#46;</p>"
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "tblfn0020"
              "etiqueta" => "b"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0020">Ofereceu ou n&#227;o leite materno no per&#237;odo avaliado&#46;</p>"
            ]
            2 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "tblfn0025"
              "etiqueta" => "c"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0025">Antes da gesta&#231;&#227;o&#59; durante a gesta&#231;&#227;o e ambos&#46;</p>"
            ]
            3 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "tblfn0030"
              "etiqueta" => "d"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0030">Experi&#234;ncia de qualquer viol&#234;ncia f&#237;sica&#44; sexual ou emocional&#46;</p>"
            ]
            4 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "tblfn0035"
              "etiqueta" => "e"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0035">A vari&#225;vel foi codificada&#58; 1 para inicia&#231;&#227;o dentro de 1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h e 0 para inicia&#231;&#227;o ap&#243;s 1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h&#46;</p>"
            ]
            5 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "tblfn0040"
              "etiqueta" => "f"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0040">A vari&#225;vel foi codificada&#58; 0 para aleitamento materno exclusivo e 1 para n&#227;o amamentar exclusivamente&#46;</p>"
            ]
            6 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "tblfn0045"
              "etiqueta" => "g"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0045">O grupo de refer&#234;ncia s&#227;o mulheres que n&#227;o s&#227;o v&#237;timas de viol&#234;ncia&#46;</p>"
            ]
            7 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "tblfn0050"
              "etiqueta" => "h"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0050">At&#233; o terceiro m&#234;s de vida da crian&#231;a&#46;</p>"
            ]
            8 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "tblfn0055"
              "etiqueta" => "i"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0055">No segundo m&#234;s de vida da crian&#231;a&#46;</p>"
            ]
            9 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "tblfn0060"
              "etiqueta" => "j"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0060">At&#233; o terceiro m&#234;s de vida da crian&#231;a&#46;</p>"
            ]
            10 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "tblfn0065"
              "etiqueta" => "l"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0065">No terceiro m&#234;s de vida da crian&#231;a&#46;</p>"
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "pt" => "<p id="spar0060" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Principais resultados de estudos que avaliaram a rela&#231;&#227;o entre VPI e as pr&#225;ticas de aleitamento materno de crian&#231;as no primeiro ano de vida</p>"
        ]
      ]
      3 => array:8 [
        "identificador" => "tbl0015"
        "etiqueta" => "Tabela 3"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "detalles" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "at3"
            "detalle" => "Tabela "
            "rol" => "short"
          ]
        ]
        "tabla" => array:2 [
          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0075" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">PAM&#44; pr&#225;ticas de aleitamento materno&#59; VPI&#44; viol&#234;ncia entre parceiros &#237;ntimos&#59; <span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#44; sim&#59; &#8208;&#44; n&#227;o&#59;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#47;&#8208;&#44; parcialmente&#59; &#63;&#44; n&#227;o claro&#59; NA&#44; n&#227;o aplicado&#46;</p>"
          "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td-with-role" title="table-head ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Desenhos de estudo<br>Suscetibilidade<br>a vieses&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Caso&#8208;controle&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Coorte&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " colspan="10" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Transversal</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Refer&#234;ncia<br>1&#176; autor&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Bullock<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0330"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Hasselmann<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0415"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">33</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Silverman<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0335"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Moraes<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0345"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Zureick&#8208;Brown<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0400"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">30</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Lau<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0340"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Shroff<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0385"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">27</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Sipsma<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0390"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">28</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Sipsma<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0395"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">29</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Misch<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0405"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">James<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0410"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">32</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Islam<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0420"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">34</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Vari&#225;vel PAM&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#47;&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#47;&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Vari&#225;vel VPI&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Mensura&#231;&#227;o da PAM&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#47;&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Mensura&#231;&#227;o da VPI&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#47;&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#47;&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Controle de confus&#227;o&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Validade externa&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#47;&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#47;&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Crit&#233;rios de elegibilidade&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#47;&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Crit&#233;rios de inclus&#227;o e exclus&#227;o&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#63;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#63;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Tamanho da amostra e perdas&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">An&#225;lises estat&#237;sticas&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#47;&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Rela&#231;&#227;o causal&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#47;&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
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        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "pt" => "<p id="spar0070" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Avalia&#231;&#227;o da suscetibilidade a vieses</p>"
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