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a doen&#231;a hepatobiliar associada &#224; FC tem aumentado sua preval&#234;ncia e ganhado mais notoriedade entre pacientes&#44; parentes e profissionais de sa&#250;de&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0140"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2&#44;3</span></a></p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Habitualmente&#44; as manifesta&#231;&#245;es hepatobiliares associadas &#224; FC se iniciam no fim da primeira d&#233;cada de vida dos pacientes&#44; com preval&#234;ncia de 5&#44;7&#37; a 39&#37;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0150"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4&#8211;11</span></a> A doen&#231;a hepatobiliar &#233; a terceira causa de mortalidade nos pacientes com FC&#44; precedida pelas mortes relacionadas ao acometimento pulmonar e &#224;s complica&#231;&#245;es inerentes aos transplantes de &#243;rg&#227;os&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0190"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a> Al&#233;m disso&#44; alguns estudos t&#234;m demonstrado que pacientes com doen&#231;a hep&#225;tica avan&#231;ada est&#227;o em risco de desenvolver e&#47;ou agravar outras manifesta&#231;&#245;es extra&#8208;hep&#225;ticas da FC&#44; como desnutri&#231;&#227;o&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">diabetes mellitus</span>&#44; osteodistrofia hep&#225;tica e quadro pulmonar&#44; acarreta maior morbidade pela doen&#231;a de base&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0145"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3&#44;13</span></a> Dessa forma&#44; a doen&#231;a hepatobiliar tem sido considerada um fator preditor de risco na evolu&#231;&#227;o e no progn&#243;stico desfavor&#225;veis da FC&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0200"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a></p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Poucos estudos foram feitos sobre a doen&#231;a hepatobiliar relacionada &#224; FC na popula&#231;&#227;o brasileira&#44; &#233; fundamental conhecer as particularidades no Brasil&#44; que tem caracter&#237;sticas &#233;tnicas peculiares nas diferentes regi&#245;es geogr&#225;ficas&#46; Os objetivos do estudo foram determinar a frequ&#234;ncia da doen&#231;a hepatobiliar em pacientes com FC e descrever o perfil sociodemogr&#225;fico&#44; cl&#237;nico e laboratorial desses&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0070">M&#233;todos</span><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Estudo retrospectivo&#44; descritivo e anal&#237;tico de pacientes atendidos em um centro de refer&#234;ncia de FC em um hospital universit&#225;rio&#46; Foram analisados os prontu&#225;rios de todos os pacientes&#44; de tr&#234;s meses a 21 anos&#44; acompanhados entre janeiro de 2008 e junho de 2016&#44; com diagn&#243;stico de FC confirmado por dois testes do suor positivos e&#47;ou estudo gen&#233;tico&#44; que tivessem pelo menos tr&#234;s meses de seguimento no servi&#231;o&#46; Foram exclu&#237;dos os pacientes que apresentassem comorbidades que afetassem o sistema hepatobiliar &#40;uso de drogas hepatot&#243;xicas e&#47;ou doen&#231;as hepatobiliares prim&#225;rias ou que cursassem secundariamente com acometimento do f&#237;gado&#44; ves&#237;cula e&#47;ou ba&#231;o&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A consulta aos prontu&#225;rios foi feita entre junho e julho de 2016 e obtiveram&#8208;se caracter&#237;sticas sociodemogr&#225;ficas&#44; cl&#237;nicas &#8211; idade &#40;meses&#41;&#44; peso &#40;kg&#41;&#44; altura &#40;cm&#41; e &#237;ndice de massa corp&#243;rea &#40;IMC&#41; ao diagn&#243;stico da FC&#59; tempo de seguimento no centro&#59; presen&#231;a de manifesta&#231;&#245;es&#58; hepatobiliares &#40;icter&#237;cia&#44; hepatomegalia&#44; esplenomegalia&#44; circula&#231;&#227;o colateral&#41;&#44; pulmonares &#40;pneumonias de repeti&#231;&#227;o&#44; sibil&#226;ncia&#44; coloniza&#231;&#227;o por <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Pseudomonas aeruginosa&#41;</span> e gastrointestinais &#40;diarreia&#44; esteatorreia&#44; baixo ganho ponderal&#44; &#237;leo meconial&#41;&#59; escore de Swachaman&#8208;Kulczycki<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0205"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a> &#8211; exames laboratoriais&#47;imagem e estudo gen&#233;tico&#46; Informa&#231;&#245;es de exames histopatol&#243;gicos &#40;bi&#243;psia hep&#225;tica&#41; e endoscopia digestiva alta &#40;EDA&#41; foram registradas&#44; quando presentes&#46; O peso&#44; a altura e o IMC foram avaliados pelo escore&#8208;z&#44; conforme a classifica&#231;&#227;o da Organiza&#231;&#227;o Mundial de Sa&#250;de &#40;OMS&#44; 2006&#41;&#46; Pacientes com elastase fecal &#60; 100<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;g&#47;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">g</span> foram classificados com insufici&#234;ncia pancre&#225;tica grave&#46; A ultrassonografia &#40;USG&#41; de abdome foi feita anualmente nos pacientes maiores de sete anos ou mais precocemente naqueles que apresentassem sinais ou sintomas ou altera&#231;&#245;es das provas laboratoriais sugestivos de doen&#231;a hepatobiliar&#46;</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A idade do diagn&#243;stico da FC foi definida pela &#233;poca do resultado do segundo teste do suor positivo ou do estudo gen&#233;tico&#46; O tempo de seguimento de cada paciente correspondeu ao per&#237;odo entre junho de 2016 e a primeira consulta ou primeiro internamento no servi&#231;o&#46; A cor da pele foi definida por um dos pesquisadores&#44; coordenador m&#233;dico do ambulat&#243;rio multidisciplinar de fibrose c&#237;stica&#44; com base nas caracter&#237;sticas fenot&#237;picas dos pacientes e de seus pais&#46;</p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Todos os pacientes foram submetidos ao estudo gen&#233;tico&#44; pesquisaram&#8208;se&#44; atrav&#233;s das t&#233;cnicas de rea&#231;&#227;o em cadeia da polimerase &#40;PCR&#41; ou digest&#227;o enzim&#225;tica&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0210"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a> as seguintes muta&#231;&#245;es no gene&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">CFTR&#58;</span> F508del&#44; G542X&#44; R1162X&#44; R334W&#44; 3120&#43;1G&#8208;A&#44; G551D e R553X<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">&#46;</span> A infec&#231;&#227;o pelo v&#237;rus citomegalov&#237;rus &#40;CMV&#41; foi pesquisada atrav&#233;s de sorologias &#40;anticorpos IgM e IgG&#41;&#44; nos pacientes com crit&#233;rios para doen&#231;a hepatobiliar&#44; foi tamb&#233;m feita a PCR&#44; quando dispon&#237;vel&#46;</p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A doen&#231;a hepatobiliar&#44; associada &#224; FC&#44; foi definida por&#58; altera&#231;&#245;es compat&#237;veis &#224; bi&#243;psia hep&#225;tica ou evid&#234;ncia de colangiopatias &#40;microves&#237;cula&#44; lit&#237;ase biliar ou estenose de ductos biliares&#41; ou presen&#231;a&#44; por tr&#234;s meses consecutivos&#44; de pelo menos dois dos crit&#233;rios&#58; &#40;1&#41; hepatomegalia ao exame f&#237;sico &#40;f&#237;gado &#62; 2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cm do rebordo costal direito&#44; confirmada por USG de abdome&#41;&#59; &#40;2&#41; eleva&#231;&#227;o acima do limite superior de normalidade para aspartato aminotransferase e&#47;ou alanina aminotransferase e&#47;ou gama glutamiltransferase&#59; &#40;3&#41; altera&#231;&#227;o na USG de abdome &#40;aumento da ecogenicidade hep&#225;tica&#44; nodularidade&#44; borda hep&#225;tica irregular&#44; fibrose hep&#225;tica ou sinais de hipertens&#227;o portal&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> A idade de diagn&#243;stico da doen&#231;a hepatobiliar foi determinada no momento em que algum crit&#233;rio fosse observado&#46;</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Para a elabora&#231;&#227;o da base de dados e an&#225;lise estat&#237;stica&#44; foi usado o <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">software</span> SPSS&#174; &#40;IBM SPSS Statistics para Windows&#44; vers&#227;o 20&#46;0&#44; NY&#44; EUA&#41;&#46; Foi feita an&#225;lise descritiva das caracter&#237;sticas sociodemogr&#225;ficas&#44; cl&#237;nicas e laboratoriais&#44; caracterizadas por medidas de tend&#234;ncia central e dispers&#227;o &#40;m&#233;dias e desvio&#8208;padr&#227;o&#44; mediana e intervalo interquartil&#41;&#46; Foi feita compara&#231;&#227;o dos grupos com e sem doen&#231;a hepatobiliar atrav&#233;s do teste de Mann&#8208;Whitney para vari&#225;veis num&#233;ricas e do teste exato de Fisher para as vari&#225;veis categ&#243;ricas&#46; Valores de p &#8804; 0&#44;05 foram considerados estatisticamente significantes em todas as an&#225;lises&#46;</p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comit&#234; de &#201;tica e Pesquisa da institui&#231;&#227;o&#44; registro 121&#47;2011&#46; Todos os participantes e seus respons&#225;veis receberam informa&#231;&#245;es verbais e por escrito sobre a natureza&#44; a proposta e o objetivo do estudo e poss&#237;veis riscos e benef&#237;cios e deram por escrito o seu consentimento informado&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">Resultados</span><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Foram analisados 55 pacientes com FC&#46; A mediana &#40;I&#46;I&#46;Q&#41; do tempo de seguimento desses pacientes foi de 35 &#40;15 a 78&#41; meses&#44; variou de tr&#234;s a 102 meses&#46; A distribui&#231;&#227;o do n&#250;mero de casos novos de FC e de doen&#231;a hepatobiliar&#44; por ano de seguimento&#44; est&#225; descrita na <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">tabela 1</a>&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A doen&#231;a hepatobiliar associada &#224; FC foi diagnosticada em 16&#44;4&#37; &#40;9&#47;55&#41; dos pacientes com FC&#46; A mediana de idade &#40;I&#46;I&#46;Q&#41; desses pacientes foi de 54 &#40;27 a 91&#41; meses&#44; variou de dez meses a nove anos e 11 meses&#46; Sete &#40;77&#44;8&#37;&#41; pacientes eram do sexo feminino e todos foram considerados n&#227;o brancos&#46; As demais caracter&#237;sticas sociodemogr&#225;ficas&#44; cl&#237;nicas e laboratoriais do grupo de pacientes com FC com e sem doen&#231;a hepatobiliar est&#227;o descritas na <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">tabela 2</a>&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A idade&#44; em mediana &#40;I&#46;I&#46;Q&#41;&#44; do diagn&#243;stico da doen&#231;a hepatobiliar associada &#224; FC foi sete meses &#40;tr&#234;s a 47&#41;&#46; Esse diagn&#243;stico ocorreu antes e&#47;ou concomitante ao da FC em 88&#44;9&#37; dos pacientes&#44; a presen&#231;a de manifesta&#231;&#245;es hepatobiliares estava entre os primeiros sinais e sintomas da FC em cinco dos nove pacientes &#40;55&#44;6&#37;&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os pacientes com hepatopatia tiveram maior frequ&#234;ncia de muta&#231;&#245;es graves no gene <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">CFTR</span> &#40;77&#44;8&#37; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">vs</span>&#46; 39&#44;6&#37;&#59; p &#61; 0&#44;033&#41; e de insufici&#234;ncia pancre&#225;tica grave &#40;88&#44;9&#37; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">vs</span>&#46; 31&#44;6&#37;&#59; p &#61; 0&#44;007&#41; do que o grupo sem doen&#231;a hepatobiliar&#46; Embora n&#227;o tenha sido estatisticamente significante&#44; as crian&#231;as com doen&#231;a hepatobiliar apresentaram diagn&#243;stico da FC muito mais precoce em compara&#231;&#227;o com o segundo grupo&#44; com mediana &#40;I&#46;I&#46;Q&#41; de sete &#40;4&#44;5 a 47&#41; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">vs</span>&#46; 59 &#40;sete a 104&#44;5&#41; meses&#44; respectivamente &#40;p &#61; 0&#44;059&#41; &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">tabela 2</a>&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Em rela&#231;&#227;o &#224;s caracter&#237;sticas cl&#237;nicas&#44; dos nove pacientes com doen&#231;a hepatobiliar associada &#224; FC&#44; nenhum teve &#237;leo meconial e um apresentava fun&#231;&#227;o pancre&#225;tica normal com doen&#231;a biliar assintom&#225;tica&#46; Os demais &#40;88&#44;9&#37;&#41; tinham insufici&#234;ncia pancre&#225;tica grave&#46;</p><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">tabela 3</a> apresenta as caracter&#237;sticas cl&#237;nicas no momento do diagn&#243;stico da FC dos pacientes com doen&#231;a hepatobiliar&#46; Algum agravo nutricional &#40;escore&#8208;z peso&#47;idade e&#47;ou altura&#47;idade e&#47;ou IMC&#47; idade &#60; &#8208;2&#41; foi encontrado em seis &#40;66&#44;7&#37;&#41; desses pacientes&#46; As medianas do escore&#8208;z para peso&#47;idade e altura&#47;idade nesse grupo de pacientes foi de &#8208;3&#44;27 e &#8208;3&#44;08&#44; com valores m&#237;nimos de &#8208;9&#44;49 e &#8208;6&#44;82&#44; respectivamente&#46; Os valores de escore&#8208;z de IMC&#47;idade foram &#62; &#8208;2 em 77&#44;8&#37; dos casos&#44; devido &#224; redu&#231;&#227;o proporcional dos valores de peso e altura &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">tabela 3</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0015"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A forma de apresenta&#231;&#227;o da doen&#231;a hepatobiliar associada &#224; FC est&#225; descrita na <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0020">tabela 4</a>&#46; A hepatomegalia foi o achado mais encontrado&#44; estava presente em sete pacientes &#40;77&#44;8&#37;&#41;&#44; seguida de aumento da ecogenicidade hep&#225;tica em cinco crian&#231;as &#40;55&#44;5&#37;&#41;&#46; Todos os pacientes fizeram sorologia para citomegalov&#237;rus &#40;CMV&#41;&#44; a qual foi positiva em dois casos&#44; um desses tamb&#233;m confirmado por t&#233;cnica de PCR&#46; Um paciente com sorologia negativa teve a infec&#231;&#227;o por CMV confirmada por PCR&#46; Esses pacientes apresentavam achados de bi&#243;psia hep&#225;tica compat&#237;veis com doen&#231;a hepatobiliar da FC&#46; Em rela&#231;&#227;o &#224;s complica&#231;&#245;es da hepatopatia&#44; foi observada hipertens&#227;o portal em dois pacientes&#44; esplenomegalia em apenas um caso e varizes esof&#225;gicas em um dos quatro pacientes que fizeram EDA&#46; Somente uma crian&#231;a evoluiu com sinais de insufici&#234;ncia hep&#225;tica aguda&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0020"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0080">Discuss&#227;o</span><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O presente estudo demonstrou que 16&#44;4&#37; dos pacientes com FC apresentaram doen&#231;a hepatobiliar&#46; Essa frequ&#234;ncia foi semelhante &#224; descrita por Wagener et al&#46; &#40;16&#44;3&#37;&#41;&#44; que avaliaram 30&#46;727 pacientes com FC de um estudo multic&#234;ntrico nos Estados Unidos e Canad&#225;&#44; entre 1999&#8208;2004&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0185"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11</span></a> No entanto&#44; Fagundes et al&#46; acompanharam 106 pacientes brasileiros com FC por cerca de um ano e encontraram frequ&#234;ncia menor &#40;9&#44;4&#37;&#41; de doen&#231;a hepatobiliar associada &#224; FC&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0140"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> Al&#233;m do curto per&#237;odo de seguimento&#44; os autores usaram apenas altera&#231;&#245;es bioqu&#237;micas e&#47;ou cl&#237;nicas como crit&#233;rios diagn&#243;sticos&#44; o que pode ter levado ao n&#227;o diagn&#243;stico dessa complica&#231;&#227;o&#46; A preval&#234;ncia da doen&#231;a hepatobiliar associada &#224; FC &#233; bastante vari&#225;vel na literatura&#44; devido &#224; apresenta&#231;&#227;o cl&#237;nica heterog&#234;nea&#44; &#224; aus&#234;ncia de crit&#233;rios diagn&#243;sticos universais e &#224; varia&#231;&#227;o das caracter&#237;sticas inerentes &#224; popula&#231;&#227;o &#40;idade&#44; sexo&#44; taxa de sobrevida&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0215"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a> Alguns estudos longitudinais</p><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">em europeus&#44; americanos e brasileiros t&#234;m mostrado preval&#234;ncia entre 5&#44;7&#37; e 39&#37;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0150"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4&#8211;11</span></a></p><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O sexo masculino tem sido considerado um fator de risco para o desenvolvimento de doen&#231;a hepatobiliar associada &#224; FC&#46; Colombo et al&#46; demonstraram risco 2&#44;5 vezes maior de doen&#231;a hepatobiliar no sexo masculino&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> Por&#233;m&#44; o presente estudo evidenciou maior frequ&#234;ncia do sexo masculino no grupo sem doen&#231;a hepatobiliar &#40;p &#61; 0&#44;042&#41;&#46; A predomin&#226;ncia do sexo feminino nos pacientes com doen&#231;a hepatobiliar &#40;77&#44;8&#37;&#41; concordou com os dados de Lindblad et al&#46;&#44; nos quais 68&#44;6&#37; dos pacientes com FC e hepatopatia eram do sexo feminino&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0160"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a></p><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Neste estudo&#44; a idade do diagn&#243;stico da doen&#231;a hepatobiliar associada &#224; FC foi precoce &#40;mediana de sete meses&#41;&#44; variou de tr&#234;s meses a tr&#234;s anos e 11 meses&#44; as manifesta&#231;&#245;es hepatobiliares estavam entre os primeiros sinais e sintomas da FC em 55&#44;6&#37; &#40;5&#47;9&#41; desses pacientes&#46; Adicionalmente&#44; &#233; importante destacar que o diagn&#243;stico da doen&#231;a hepatobiliar ocorreu antes e&#47;ou concomitante ao da FC em 88&#44;9&#37; &#40;8&#47;9&#41; deles&#46; No entanto&#44; Ciuc&#227; et al&#46;&#44; ao estudar 66 romenos com FC&#44; demonstraram que apenas tr&#234;s pacientes &#40;4&#44;5&#37;&#41; apresentaram doen&#231;a hepatobiliar como primeira manifesta&#231;&#227;o da FC&#44; com um intervalo m&#233;dio de quatro anos entre o diagn&#243;stico da FC e da hepatopatia&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0220"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a> Outros trabalhos tamb&#233;m t&#234;m demonstrado um surgimento mais tardio da doen&#231;a hepatobiliar&#44; variou entre tr&#234;s e oito anos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0140"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2&#44;7&#8211;9&#44;18&#44;19</span></a>&#46; Logo&#44; os achados do presente estudo demonstram a precocidade dessa manifesta&#231;&#227;o nessa popula&#231;&#227;o de pacientes com FC e a import&#226;ncia de se investigar FC em pacientes com hepatopatia&#46;</p><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Entre as poss&#237;veis justificativas para a apresenta&#231;&#227;o t&#227;o precoce est&#225; o fato dos pacientes com doen&#231;a hepatobiliar terem fen&#243;tipos mais graves da FC&#44; o que foi corroborado pela associa&#231;&#227;o demonstrada entre a presen&#231;a de insufici&#234;ncia pancre&#225;tica grave <span class="elsevierStyleUnderline">&#40;</span>88&#44;9&#37; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">vs</span>&#46; 31&#44;6&#37;&#59; p &#61; 0&#44;007&#41; e muta&#231;&#245;es graves no gene <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">CFTR</span><span class="elsevierStyleUnderline">&#40;</span>77&#44;8&#37; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">vs</span>&#46; 39&#44;6&#37;&#59; p &#61; 0&#44;033&#41; nesse grupo&#44; comparado ao sem doen&#231;a hepatobiliar&#46;</p><p id="par0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Adicionalmente&#44; Lamireau et al&#46; demonstraram que a insufici&#234;ncia pancre&#225;tica &#233; um fator independente associado ao aumento da preval&#234;ncia da doen&#231;a hepatobiliar na FC&#44; leva a um risco 9&#44;8 vezes maior de hepatopatia nos pacientes com FC&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> Apesar de a literatura n&#227;o descrever associa&#231;&#227;o entre qualquer muta&#231;&#227;o relacionada ao <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">CFTR</span> e a presen&#231;a ou gravidade da doen&#231;a hepatobiliar&#44; alguns estudos t&#234;m mostrado que gen&#243;tipos mais graves podem ser considerados fatores de risco&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0230"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20&#44;21</span></a> A cirrose ocorre predominantemente em indiv&#237;duos com muta&#231;&#245;es das classes I&#44; II e III&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0135"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#44;10&#44;22&#44;23</span></a> Estudo feito com 174 romenos com FC evidenciou risco cerca de cinco vezes maior de desenvolver doen&#231;a hepatobiliar em pacientes com muta&#231;&#245;es graves &#40;OR&#58; 4&#44;79&#41;&#44; as quais foram identificadas em 78&#37; daqueles com doen&#231;a hepatobiliar&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0220"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a> Entretanto&#44; sabe&#8208;se que o desenvolvimento doen&#231;a hep&#225;tica &#233; muito vari&#225;vel entre pacientes com mesmas muta&#231;&#245;es no <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">CFTR</span>&#44; sugere um poss&#237;vel papel multig&#234;nico&#44; do polimorfismo gen&#233;tico e de fatores ambientais&#44; n&#227;o avaliado no estudo&#44; na patog&#234;nese dessa complica&#231;&#227;o&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0135"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#44;3&#44;13&#44;21&#44;24</span></a> Assim&#44; estudos posteriores poder&#227;o avaliar o papel dessas vari&#225;veis no desenvolvimento da doen&#231;a hepatobiliar&#46;</p><p id="par0125" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Indicadores de fun&#231;&#227;o pulmonar e do estado nutricional ruins na FC tamb&#233;m t&#234;m sido estudados como fatores de risco para doen&#231;a hepatobiliar e poderiam justificar a gravidade e precocidade dessa complica&#231;&#227;o&#46; Fagundes et al&#46; identificaram uma associa&#231;&#227;o entre escore&#8208;z de P&#47;I &#60; &#8208;2 e desenvolvimento de doen&#231;a hepatobiliar e que valores de escore de Shwachman&#8208;Kulczycki &#8804; 70 conferiam um risco 7&#44;5 vezes maior de desenvolvimento dessa complica&#231;&#227;o nos pacientes com FC&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0255"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">25</span></a> No presente estudo&#44; 44&#44;4&#37; dos pacientes com doen&#231;a hepatobiliar tinha esse escore &#8804; 70 e havia algum agravo nutricional em 66&#44;7&#37; deles&#46; Por&#233;m&#44; torna&#8208;se necess&#225;ria a compara&#231;&#227;o dessas vari&#225;veis com o grupo sem doen&#231;a hepatobiliar para fortalecer a import&#226;ncia desses achados&#46;</p><p id="par0130" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Embora n&#227;o tenha sido estatisticamente significante&#44; vale ressaltar que o diagn&#243;stico da FC foi muito mais precoce no grupo com doen&#231;a hepatobiliar comparado com aqueles sem essa complica&#231;&#227;o &#40;mediana de sete <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">vs</span>&#46; 59 meses&#59; p &#61; 0&#44;059&#41;&#46; Em concord&#226;ncia&#44; Fagundes et al&#46; demonstraram que a idade ao diagn&#243;stico da FC estava independentemente associada ao desenvolvimento de hepatopatia&#44; de maneira inversamente proporcional&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0255"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">25</span></a> &#201; poss&#237;vel que a doen&#231;a hepatobiliar fa&#231;a parte de um espectro de pior progn&#243;stico e gravidade da FC&#44; o que justificaria o diagn&#243;stico mais precoce da doen&#231;a nesses pacientes&#46; &#201; poss&#237;vel que uma amostra de maior tamanho pudesse demonstrar essa associa&#231;&#227;o&#44; desde que este estudo avaliou apenas 55 crian&#231;as&#46;</p><p id="par0135" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A doen&#231;a hep&#225;tica com cirrose e suas complica&#231;&#245;es tendem a ocorrer em cerca de 7&#37; a 12&#37; dos pacientes com FC&#44; entre sete e 10 anos&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0160"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6&#44;18&#44;19</span></a> Lamireau et al&#46; demonstraram um tempo mediano de 10 anos para a evolu&#231;&#227;o da hepatopatia associada a FC &#224; hipertens&#227;o portal&#46; No presente estudo&#44; apenas dois pacientes com FC &#40;3&#44;6&#37;&#41;&#44; os quais j&#225; tinham hipertens&#227;o portal desde o diagn&#243;stico&#44; apresentaram cirrose hep&#225;tica&#44; aos cinco meses e tr&#234;s anos&#46; A n&#227;o feitura de bi&#243;psia hep&#225;tica em todos os pacientes e a idade precoce das crian&#231;as com doen&#231;a hepatobiliar &#40;mediana de sete meses&#41; podem justificar a menor frequ&#234;ncia de cirrose&#44; j&#225; que &#233; uma consequ&#234;ncia tardia&#44; secund&#225;ria &#224; les&#227;o progressiva de hepat&#243;citos&#44; devido ao espessamento biliar e &#224; sua toxicidade&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0215"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a> Por&#233;m&#44; chama aten&#231;&#227;o a precocidade da cirrose e da hipertens&#227;o portal no atual trabalho&#44; sugere um espectro mais grave da hepatopatia nessa popula&#231;&#227;o&#46; Uma poss&#237;vel justificativa seria a presen&#231;a de infec&#231;&#227;o concomitante pelo CMV&#44; que agravou o quadro hep&#225;tico&#46; Essa infec&#231;&#227;o chega a ocorrer em 50&#37; das crian&#231;as no primeiro ano de idade em locais com altas taxas de soropositividade&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0260"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">26</span></a> o que est&#225; associado &#224;s prec&#225;rias condi&#231;&#245;es socioecon&#244;micas &#40;presentes na popula&#231;&#227;o estudada&#41;&#46; Entretanto&#44; essa associa&#231;&#227;o n&#227;o foi confirmada&#46; Por outro lado&#44; embora essa infec&#231;&#227;o tenha sido investigada em todos os pacientes atrav&#233;s da sorologia&#44; apenas dois o fizeram pela t&#233;cnica de <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">PCR</span>&#44; pode ter ocorrido subdiagn&#243;stico&#46;</p><p id="par0140" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Dentre as limita&#231;&#245;es deste trabalho destaca&#8208;se o pequeno tamanho da casu&#237;stica de pacientes com FC e do n&#250;mero de pacientes com doen&#231;a hepatobiliar&#46; Tamb&#233;m&#44; apenas quatro pacientes fizeram bi&#243;psia hep&#225;tica&#44; o que pode ter subestimado a ocorr&#234;ncia da hepatopatia&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; n&#227;o foi poss&#237;vel confirmar o diagn&#243;stico gen&#233;tico da FC em todos os pacientes&#44; desde que apenas sete muta&#231;&#245;es foram pesquisadas&#46; Ainda mais&#44; n&#227;o foi avaliado o papel do polimorfismo gen&#233;tico no desenvolvimento dessa complica&#231;&#227;o&#46; Apesar disso&#44; os resultados obtidos foram expressivos&#46;</p><p id="par0145" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Este trabalho encontrou uma alta frequ&#234;ncia de doen&#231;a hepatobiliar entre os pacientes com FC &#40;16&#44;4&#37;&#41;&#44; que ocorreu como manifesta&#231;&#227;o inicial da FC em 55&#44;6&#37; dos pacientes com hepatopatia&#46; Destaca&#8208;se a ocorr&#234;ncia mais precoce da doen&#231;a hepatobiliar&#44; bem como o aparecimento de complica&#231;&#245;es em rela&#231;&#227;o &#224; literatura&#46; Isso enfatiza a import&#226;ncia de se incluir a FC no diagn&#243;stico diferencial de todas as hepatopatias na inf&#226;ncia&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; foi observada associa&#231;&#227;o entre presen&#231;a de insufici&#234;ncia pancre&#225;tica e de muta&#231;&#245;es graves no gene <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">CFTR</span> e a ocorr&#234;ncia de doen&#231;a hepatobiliar&#46; No entanto&#44; novos estudos que envolvam n&#250;mero maior de pacientes devem ser feitos&#44; para avaliar melhor outros fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento da doen&#231;a hepatobiliar na FC&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0085">Financiamento</span><p id="par0150" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Financiamento parcial da Funda&#231;&#227;o de Amparo &#224; Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia &#40;Fabesp&#41; sob o n&#250;mero 020&#47;2013 &#8211; Programa Pesquisa para o SUS da Bahia&#58; gest&#227;o partilhada de sa&#250;de&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0090">Conflitos de interesse</span><p id="par0155" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os autores declaram n&#227;o haver conflitos de interesse&#46;</p></span></span>"
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    "fechaRecibido" => "2017-01-18"
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          "palabras" => array:3 [
            0 => "Mucoviscidose"
            1 => "Hepatopatias"
            2 => "F&#237;gado"
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        "titulo" => "Abstract"
        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Objectives</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The aims of the study were to determine the frequency of hepatobiliary disease in patients with cystic fibrosis and to describe the sociodemographic&#44; clinical&#44; and laboratory profile of these patients&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Methods</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">This was a retrospective&#44; descriptive&#44; and analytical study of 55 patients diagnosed with cystic fibrosis&#44; aged between 3 months and 21 years&#44; followed&#8208;up from January 2008 to June 2016 in a referral center&#46; Medical records were consulted and sociodemographic&#44; clinical and laboratory data&#44; including hepatobiliary alterations&#44; imaging studies&#44; genetic studies&#44; liver biopsies&#44; and upper digestive endoscopies were registered&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Results</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Hepatobiliary disease was diagnosed in 16&#46;4&#37; of the patients and occurred as an initial manifestation of cystic fibrosis in 55&#46;6&#37; of these cases&#46; The diagnosis of hepatopathy occurred before or concomitantly with the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis in 88&#46;9&#37; of the children&#46; All patients with hepatobiliary disease were considered non&#8208;white&#44; with a predominance of females &#40;77&#46;8&#37;&#41; and median &#40;IQR&#41; of 54 &#40;27&#8211;91&#41; months&#46; Compared with the group without hepatobiliary disease&#44; children with liver disease had a higher frequency of severe mutations identified in the <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">CFTR</span> gene &#40;77&#46;8&#37; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">vs</span>&#46; 39&#46;6&#37;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;033&#41; and severe pancreatic insufficiency &#40;88&#46;9&#37; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">vs</span>&#46; 31&#46;6&#37;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;007&#41;&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Conclusion</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The frequency of hepatobiliary disease was high&#44; with a very early diagnosis of the disease and its complications in the studied series&#46; A statistical association was observed between the occurrence of hepatobiliary disease and the presence of pancreatic insufficiency and severe mutations in the <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">CFTR</span> gene&#46; It is emphasized that cystic fibrosis is an important differential diagnosis of liver diseases in childhood&#46;</p></span>"
        "secciones" => array:4 [
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            "identificador" => "abst0005"
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        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Objetivos</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Os objetivos do estudo foram determinar a frequ&#234;ncia da doen&#231;a hepatobiliar em pacientes com fibrose c&#237;stica e descrever o perfil sociodemogr&#225;fico&#44; cl&#237;nico e laboratorial destes&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">M&#233;todos</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Estudo retrospectivo&#44; descritivo e anal&#237;tico de 55 pacientes com diagn&#243;stico de fibrose c&#237;stica&#44; entre tr&#234;s meses e 21 anos&#44; acompanhados de janeiro de 2008 a junho de 2016 em um centro de refer&#234;ncia&#46; Foi realizada consulta aos prontu&#225;rios m&#233;dicos&#44; registrando&#8208;se os dados sociodemogr&#225;ficos&#44; cl&#237;nicos e laboratoriais&#44; incluindo&#8208;se altera&#231;&#245;es hepatobiliares&#44; exames de imagem&#44; estudos gen&#233;ticos&#44; bi&#243;psias hep&#225;ticas e endoscopias digestivas altas&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Resultados</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A doen&#231;a hepatobiliar foi diagnosticada em 16&#44;4&#37; dos pacientes e ocorreu como manifesta&#231;&#227;o inicial da fibrose c&#237;stica em 55&#44;6&#37; destes casos&#46; O diagn&#243;stico da hepatopatia ocorreu antes ou concomitantemente ao diagn&#243;stico da fibrose c&#237;stica em 88&#44;9&#37; das crian&#231;as&#46; Todos os pacientes com doen&#231;a hepatobiliar foram considerados n&#227;o brancos&#44; havendo predomin&#226;ncia do sexo feminino &#40;77&#44;8&#37;&#41; e mediana &#40;I&#46;I&#46;Q&#41; de idade de 54 &#40;27&#8208;91&#41; meses&#46; Em compara&#231;&#227;o com o grupo sem doen&#231;a hepatobiliar&#44; as crian&#231;as com hepatopatia tiveram maior frequ&#234;ncia de muta&#231;&#245;es graves no gene CFTR identificadas &#40;77&#44;8&#37; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">vs</span>&#46; 39&#44;6&#37;&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;033&#41; e de insufici&#234;ncia pancre&#225;tica grave &#40;88&#44;9&#37; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">vs</span>&#46; 31&#44;6&#37;&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;007&#41;&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Conclus&#227;o</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A frequ&#234;ncia de doen&#231;a hepatobiliar foi elevada&#44; observou&#8208;se um diagn&#243;stico muito precoce da mesma e de suas complica&#231;&#245;es na casu&#237;stica estudada&#46; Houve associa&#231;&#227;o estat&#237;stica entre a ocorr&#234;ncia de doen&#231;a hepatobiliar e a presen&#231;a de insufici&#234;ncia pancre&#225;tica e de muta&#231;&#245;es graves do gene CFTR&#46; Enfatiza&#8208;se que a fibrose c&#237;stica represente um importante diagn&#243;stico diferencial de hepatopatias na inf&#226;ncia&#46;</p></span>"
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        "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0050">Como citar este artigo&#58; Nascimento FS&#44; Sena NA&#44; Ferreira TA&#44; Marques CD&#44; Silva LR&#44; Souza EL&#46; Hepatobiliary disease in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis&#46; J Pediatr &#40;Rio J&#41;&#46; 2018&#59;94&#58;504&#8211;10&#46;</p>"
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        "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0055">Trabalho vinculado &#224; Universidade Federal da Bahia &#40;UFBA&#41;&#44; Salvador&#44; BA&#44; Brasil&#46;</p>"
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                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Ano&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">2008&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">2009&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">2010&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">2011&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">2012&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">2013&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">2014&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">2015&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">2016&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Casos novos de FC&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">16&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Casos novos de doen&#231;a hepatobiliar&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Total de casos inclu&#237;dos&#47;ano&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">15&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">18&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">21&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">25&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">34&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">37&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">55&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">55&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#211;bitos&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
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          "pt" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">N&#250;mero de casos novos de fibrose c&#237;stica e de doen&#231;a hepatobiliar&#44; &#243;bitos e total de casos acompanhados entre janeiro de 2008 a junho de 2016 em um centro de refer&#234;ncia</p>"
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">27 &#40;58&#44;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="4" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="4" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Vari&#225;veis Cl&#237;nicas e laboratoriais</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Idade do diagn&#243;stico da FC &#40;meses&#41; Mediana &#40;I&#46;I&#46;Q&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">5 &#40;66&#44;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1 &#40;11&#44;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Moderado ou Grave &#40;&#8804; 55&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3 &#40;33&#44;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
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          "pt" => "<p id="spar0060" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Caracter&#237;sticas cl&#237;nicas no momento do diagn&#243;stico da FC dos pacientes com doen&#231;a hepatobiliar&#44; acompanhados entre janeiro de 2008 a junho de 2016&#44; em um centro de refer&#234;ncia</p>"
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          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0075" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">ALT&#44; Alanina Aminotransferase&#59; AST&#44; Aspartato Aminotransferase&#59; BD&#44; Bilirrubina Direta&#59; EDA&#44; Endoscopia Digestiva Alta&#59; F&#44; Feminino&#59; FA&#44; Fosfatase Alcalina&#59; GGT&#44; Gamaglutamil Transferase&#59; M&#44; Masculino&#59; TP&#44; Tempo de Protrombina&#59; USG&#44; Ultrassonografia&#46;</p>"
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                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Caso&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Sexo&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">In&#237;cio da doen&#231;a hepatobiliar<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Gen&#243;tipo&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Cl&#237;nica&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Laborat&#243;rio&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">USG de abdome&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Bi&#243;psia hep&#225;tica&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">EDA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">M&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">19&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">F508del&#47; 3120&#43;1G&#8208;A&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Hepatomegalia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8593;Persistente AST&#47; GGT&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Hepatomegalia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">F&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">35&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">F508del&#47; G542X&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Hepatomegalia<br>Circula&#231;&#227;o colateral&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8593; Persistente FA<br>&#8595; Persistente TP&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Hepatoesplenomegalia<br>&#8593; da ecogenicidade hep&#225;tica<br>Microvesicula<br>Hipertens&#227;o portal&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Cirrose bili&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Varizes esof&#225;gicas&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">M&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">88&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">F508del&#47; F508del&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Hepatomegalia<br>Icter&#237;cia<br>Circula&#231;&#227;o colateral&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8593;Persistente AST&#47;ALT&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Hepatomegalia<br>&#8593; da ecogenicidade hep&#225;tica<br>F&#237;gado lobular&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Esteatose hep&#225;tica&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Normal&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">F&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">N&#227;o encontrada&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Ausente&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Normal&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Lit&#237;ase biliar&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">F&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">N&#227;o encontrada&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Hepatomegalia<br>Icter&#237;cia&#47; Col&#250;ria<br>Acolia fecal&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8593; Transit&#243;ria AST&#47;ALT&#47;GGT&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Normal&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Colestase intrahep&#225;tica<br>Bile no espa&#231;o porta&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">F&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">F508del&#47; F508del&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Hepatomegalia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8593; Persistente FA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Hepatomegalia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">F&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">59&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">F 508del&#47; 3120&#43;1G&#8208;A&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Hepatomegalia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8593; Persistente FA<br>&#8595; Persistente TP&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Hepatomegalia<br>&#8593; da ecogenicidade hep&#225;tica<br>Esteatose hep&#225;tica&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Fibrose portal&#47;septal e perissinusiodal&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Normal&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">F&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">G542X&#47;<br>R1162X&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Hepatomegalia<br>Icter&#237;cia&#47; Col&#250;ria<br>Acolia fecal<br>Circula&#231;&#227;o colateral&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8593; Persistente AST&#47;ALT<br>FA&#47;GGT&#47; BD<br>&#8595; Persistente TP&#47;Albumina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Hepatomegalia<br>&#8593; da ecogenicidade hep&#225;tica<br>F&#237;gado nodular e borda irregular<br>Hipertens&#227;o portal&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Cirrose biliar&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">F&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">F508del&#47; F508del&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Hepatomegalia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8593; Persistente AST&#47;ALT&#47;FA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Hepatomegalia<br>&#8593; da ecogenicidade hep&#225;tica<br>Esteatose hep&#225;tica&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Normal&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
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              "identificador" => "tblfn0040"
              "etiqueta" => "a"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0040">Idade de in&#237;cio em meses&#46;</p> <p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>Eleva&#231;&#227;o persistente&#58; acima de 6 meses&#46;</p>"
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          "pt" => "<p id="spar0070" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Apresenta&#231;&#227;o cl&#237;nica dos pacientes com doen&#231;a hepatobiliar associada &#224; fibrose c&#237;stica de um centro de refer&#234;ncia&#44; entre janeiro de 2008 e junho de 2016</p>"
        ]
      ]
    ]
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      "titulo" => "Refer&#234;ncias"
      "seccion" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "bibs0005"
          "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:26 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0135"
              "etiqueta" => "1"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Liver disease in cystic fibrosis&#58; an update"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "G&#46;F&#46; Parisi"
                            1 => "G&#46; Di Dio"
                            2 => "A&#46; Gennaro"
                            3 => "N&#46; Rotolo"
                            4 => "E&#46; Salvatori"
                            5 => "E&#46; Lionetti"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Hepat Mon"
                        "fecha" => "2013"
                        "volumen" => "35"
                        "paginaInicial" => "783"
                        "paginaFinal" => "790"
                        "itemHostRev" => array:3 [
                          "pii" => "S0140673616006826"
                          "estado" => "S300"
                          "issn" => "01406736"
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0140"
              "etiqueta" => "2"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Triagem diagn&#243;stica da hepatopatia da fibrose c&#237;stica"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [
                            0 => "E&#46;D&#46; Fagundes"
                            1 => "M&#46;L&#46; Roquete"
                            2 => "F&#46;J&#46; Penna"
                            3 => "F&#46;J&#46; Reis"
                            4 => "C&#46;G&#46; Duque"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Pediatr &#40;Rio J&#41;"
                        "fecha" => "2002"
                        "volumen" => "78"
                        "paginaInicial" => "389"
                        "paginaFinal" => "396"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            2 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0145"
              "etiqueta" => "3"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Liver disease in cystic fibrosis"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "C&#46; Colombo"
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                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1097/MCP.0b013e3282f10a16"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Curr Opin Pulm Med"
                        "fecha" => "2007"
                        "volumen" => "13"
                        "paginaInicial" => "529"
                        "paginaFinal" => "536"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17901760"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            3 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0150"
              "etiqueta" => "4"
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Artigo Original
Hepatobiliary disease in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis
Doença hepatobiliar em crianças e adolescentes com fibrose cística
Fernanda de S. Nascimentoa, Nelson A. Senab, Tatiane da A. Ferreirac, Cibele D.F. Marquesd,e, Luciana R. Silvaf, Edna Lúcia Souzab,g,
Autor para correspondência
souza.ednalucia@gmail.com

Autor para correspondência.
a Complexo Hospitalar Professor Edgard Santos, Salvador, BA, Brasil
b Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA, Brasil
c Complexo Hospitalar Professor Edgard Santos, Serviço de Pneumologia Pediátrica, Salvador, BA, Brasil
d Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Faculdade de Medicina, Salvador, BA, Brasil
e Complexo Hospitalar Professor Edgard Santos, Programa de Residência Médica em Gastropediatria, Salvador, BA, Brasil
f Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Serviço de Gastroenterologia e Hepatologia, Salvador, BA, Brasil
g Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Pediatria, Salvador, BA, Brasil
Lido
3313
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            "entidad" => "Universidade Federal da Bahia &#40;UFBA&#41;&#44; Faculdade de Medicina&#44; Salvador&#44; BA&#44; Brasil"
            "etiqueta" => "d"
            "identificador" => "aff0020"
          ]
          4 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Complexo Hospitalar Professor Edgard Santos&#44; Programa de Resid&#234;ncia M&#233;dica em Gastropediatria&#44; Salvador&#44; BA&#44; Brasil"
            "etiqueta" => "e"
            "identificador" => "aff0025"
          ]
          5 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Universidade Federal da Bahia &#40;UFBA&#41;&#44; Servi&#231;o de Gastroenterologia e Hepatologia&#44; Salvador&#44; BA&#44; Brasil"
            "etiqueta" => "f"
            "identificador" => "aff0030"
          ]
          6 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Universidade Federal da Bahia &#40;UFBA&#41;&#44; Faculdade de Medicina&#44; Departamento de Pediatria&#44; Salvador&#44; BA&#44; Brasil"
            "etiqueta" => "g"
            "identificador" => "aff0035"
          ]
        ]
        "correspondencia" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "cor0005"
            "etiqueta" => "&#8270;"
            "correspondencia" => "Autor para correspond&#234;ncia&#46;"
          ]
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    ]
    "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [
      "pt" => array:1 [
        "titulo" => "Doen&#231;a hepatobiliar em crian&#231;as e adolescentes com fibrose c&#237;stica"
      ]
    ]
    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0065">Introdu&#231;&#227;o</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A fibrose c&#237;stica &#40;FC&#41; &#233; a doen&#231;a gen&#233;tica letal mais comum nos brancos&#46; O transporte anormal de cloro e s&#243;dio atrav&#233;s da prote&#237;na reguladora de condut&#226;ncia transmembrana &#40;CFTR&#41; defeituosa causa um aumento na densidade das secre&#231;&#245;es ex&#243;crinas&#44; promove o acometimento de uma s&#233;rie de &#243;rg&#227;os&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0135"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a></p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">As principais manifesta&#231;&#245;es cl&#237;nicas da FC concentram&#8208;se nos tratos respirat&#243;rio e gastrointestinal&#46; Entretanto&#44; com o aumento da expectativa de vida dos pacientes com FC nas &#250;ltimas d&#233;cadas&#44; a doen&#231;a hepatobiliar associada &#224; FC tem aumentado sua preval&#234;ncia e ganhado mais notoriedade entre pacientes&#44; parentes e profissionais de sa&#250;de&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0140"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2&#44;3</span></a></p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Habitualmente&#44; as manifesta&#231;&#245;es hepatobiliares associadas &#224; FC se iniciam no fim da primeira d&#233;cada de vida dos pacientes&#44; com preval&#234;ncia de 5&#44;7&#37; a 39&#37;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0150"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4&#8211;11</span></a> A doen&#231;a hepatobiliar &#233; a terceira causa de mortalidade nos pacientes com FC&#44; precedida pelas mortes relacionadas ao acometimento pulmonar e &#224;s complica&#231;&#245;es inerentes aos transplantes de &#243;rg&#227;os&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0190"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a> Al&#233;m disso&#44; alguns estudos t&#234;m demonstrado que pacientes com doen&#231;a hep&#225;tica avan&#231;ada est&#227;o em risco de desenvolver e&#47;ou agravar outras manifesta&#231;&#245;es extra&#8208;hep&#225;ticas da FC&#44; como desnutri&#231;&#227;o&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">diabetes mellitus</span>&#44; osteodistrofia hep&#225;tica e quadro pulmonar&#44; acarreta maior morbidade pela doen&#231;a de base&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0145"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3&#44;13</span></a> Dessa forma&#44; a doen&#231;a hepatobiliar tem sido considerada um fator preditor de risco na evolu&#231;&#227;o e no progn&#243;stico desfavor&#225;veis da FC&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0200"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a></p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Poucos estudos foram feitos sobre a doen&#231;a hepatobiliar relacionada &#224; FC na popula&#231;&#227;o brasileira&#44; &#233; fundamental conhecer as particularidades no Brasil&#44; que tem caracter&#237;sticas &#233;tnicas peculiares nas diferentes regi&#245;es geogr&#225;ficas&#46; Os objetivos do estudo foram determinar a frequ&#234;ncia da doen&#231;a hepatobiliar em pacientes com FC e descrever o perfil sociodemogr&#225;fico&#44; cl&#237;nico e laboratorial desses&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0070">M&#233;todos</span><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Estudo retrospectivo&#44; descritivo e anal&#237;tico de pacientes atendidos em um centro de refer&#234;ncia de FC em um hospital universit&#225;rio&#46; Foram analisados os prontu&#225;rios de todos os pacientes&#44; de tr&#234;s meses a 21 anos&#44; acompanhados entre janeiro de 2008 e junho de 2016&#44; com diagn&#243;stico de FC confirmado por dois testes do suor positivos e&#47;ou estudo gen&#233;tico&#44; que tivessem pelo menos tr&#234;s meses de seguimento no servi&#231;o&#46; Foram exclu&#237;dos os pacientes que apresentassem comorbidades que afetassem o sistema hepatobiliar &#40;uso de drogas hepatot&#243;xicas e&#47;ou doen&#231;as hepatobiliares prim&#225;rias ou que cursassem secundariamente com acometimento do f&#237;gado&#44; ves&#237;cula e&#47;ou ba&#231;o&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A consulta aos prontu&#225;rios foi feita entre junho e julho de 2016 e obtiveram&#8208;se caracter&#237;sticas sociodemogr&#225;ficas&#44; cl&#237;nicas &#8211; idade &#40;meses&#41;&#44; peso &#40;kg&#41;&#44; altura &#40;cm&#41; e &#237;ndice de massa corp&#243;rea &#40;IMC&#41; ao diagn&#243;stico da FC&#59; tempo de seguimento no centro&#59; presen&#231;a de manifesta&#231;&#245;es&#58; hepatobiliares &#40;icter&#237;cia&#44; hepatomegalia&#44; esplenomegalia&#44; circula&#231;&#227;o colateral&#41;&#44; pulmonares &#40;pneumonias de repeti&#231;&#227;o&#44; sibil&#226;ncia&#44; coloniza&#231;&#227;o por <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Pseudomonas aeruginosa&#41;</span> e gastrointestinais &#40;diarreia&#44; esteatorreia&#44; baixo ganho ponderal&#44; &#237;leo meconial&#41;&#59; escore de Swachaman&#8208;Kulczycki<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0205"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a> &#8211; exames laboratoriais&#47;imagem e estudo gen&#233;tico&#46; Informa&#231;&#245;es de exames histopatol&#243;gicos &#40;bi&#243;psia hep&#225;tica&#41; e endoscopia digestiva alta &#40;EDA&#41; foram registradas&#44; quando presentes&#46; O peso&#44; a altura e o IMC foram avaliados pelo escore&#8208;z&#44; conforme a classifica&#231;&#227;o da Organiza&#231;&#227;o Mundial de Sa&#250;de &#40;OMS&#44; 2006&#41;&#46; Pacientes com elastase fecal &#60; 100<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;g&#47;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">g</span> foram classificados com insufici&#234;ncia pancre&#225;tica grave&#46; A ultrassonografia &#40;USG&#41; de abdome foi feita anualmente nos pacientes maiores de sete anos ou mais precocemente naqueles que apresentassem sinais ou sintomas ou altera&#231;&#245;es das provas laboratoriais sugestivos de doen&#231;a hepatobiliar&#46;</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A idade do diagn&#243;stico da FC foi definida pela &#233;poca do resultado do segundo teste do suor positivo ou do estudo gen&#233;tico&#46; O tempo de seguimento de cada paciente correspondeu ao per&#237;odo entre junho de 2016 e a primeira consulta ou primeiro internamento no servi&#231;o&#46; A cor da pele foi definida por um dos pesquisadores&#44; coordenador m&#233;dico do ambulat&#243;rio multidisciplinar de fibrose c&#237;stica&#44; com base nas caracter&#237;sticas fenot&#237;picas dos pacientes e de seus pais&#46;</p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Todos os pacientes foram submetidos ao estudo gen&#233;tico&#44; pesquisaram&#8208;se&#44; atrav&#233;s das t&#233;cnicas de rea&#231;&#227;o em cadeia da polimerase &#40;PCR&#41; ou digest&#227;o enzim&#225;tica&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0210"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a> as seguintes muta&#231;&#245;es no gene&#160;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">CFTR&#58;</span> F508del&#44; G542X&#44; R1162X&#44; R334W&#44; 3120&#43;1G&#8208;A&#44; G551D e R553X<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">&#46;</span> A infec&#231;&#227;o pelo v&#237;rus citomegalov&#237;rus &#40;CMV&#41; foi pesquisada atrav&#233;s de sorologias &#40;anticorpos IgM e IgG&#41;&#44; nos pacientes com crit&#233;rios para doen&#231;a hepatobiliar&#44; foi tamb&#233;m feita a PCR&#44; quando dispon&#237;vel&#46;</p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A doen&#231;a hepatobiliar&#44; associada &#224; FC&#44; foi definida por&#58; altera&#231;&#245;es compat&#237;veis &#224; bi&#243;psia hep&#225;tica ou evid&#234;ncia de colangiopatias &#40;microves&#237;cula&#44; lit&#237;ase biliar ou estenose de ductos biliares&#41; ou presen&#231;a&#44; por tr&#234;s meses consecutivos&#44; de pelo menos dois dos crit&#233;rios&#58; &#40;1&#41; hepatomegalia ao exame f&#237;sico &#40;f&#237;gado &#62; 2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cm do rebordo costal direito&#44; confirmada por USG de abdome&#41;&#59; &#40;2&#41; eleva&#231;&#227;o acima do limite superior de normalidade para aspartato aminotransferase e&#47;ou alanina aminotransferase e&#47;ou gama glutamiltransferase&#59; &#40;3&#41; altera&#231;&#227;o na USG de abdome &#40;aumento da ecogenicidade hep&#225;tica&#44; nodularidade&#44; borda hep&#225;tica irregular&#44; fibrose hep&#225;tica ou sinais de hipertens&#227;o portal&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> A idade de diagn&#243;stico da doen&#231;a hepatobiliar foi determinada no momento em que algum crit&#233;rio fosse observado&#46;</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Para a elabora&#231;&#227;o da base de dados e an&#225;lise estat&#237;stica&#44; foi usado o <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">software</span> SPSS&#174; &#40;IBM SPSS Statistics para Windows&#44; vers&#227;o 20&#46;0&#44; NY&#44; EUA&#41;&#46; Foi feita an&#225;lise descritiva das caracter&#237;sticas sociodemogr&#225;ficas&#44; cl&#237;nicas e laboratoriais&#44; caracterizadas por medidas de tend&#234;ncia central e dispers&#227;o &#40;m&#233;dias e desvio&#8208;padr&#227;o&#44; mediana e intervalo interquartil&#41;&#46; Foi feita compara&#231;&#227;o dos grupos com e sem doen&#231;a hepatobiliar atrav&#233;s do teste de Mann&#8208;Whitney para vari&#225;veis num&#233;ricas e do teste exato de Fisher para as vari&#225;veis categ&#243;ricas&#46; Valores de p &#8804; 0&#44;05 foram considerados estatisticamente significantes em todas as an&#225;lises&#46;</p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comit&#234; de &#201;tica e Pesquisa da institui&#231;&#227;o&#44; registro 121&#47;2011&#46; Todos os participantes e seus respons&#225;veis receberam informa&#231;&#245;es verbais e por escrito sobre a natureza&#44; a proposta e o objetivo do estudo e poss&#237;veis riscos e benef&#237;cios e deram por escrito o seu consentimento informado&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">Resultados</span><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Foram analisados 55 pacientes com FC&#46; A mediana &#40;I&#46;I&#46;Q&#41; do tempo de seguimento desses pacientes foi de 35 &#40;15 a 78&#41; meses&#44; variou de tr&#234;s a 102 meses&#46; A distribui&#231;&#227;o do n&#250;mero de casos novos de FC e de doen&#231;a hepatobiliar&#44; por ano de seguimento&#44; est&#225; descrita na <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">tabela 1</a>&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A doen&#231;a hepatobiliar associada &#224; FC foi diagnosticada em 16&#44;4&#37; &#40;9&#47;55&#41; dos pacientes com FC&#46; A mediana de idade &#40;I&#46;I&#46;Q&#41; desses pacientes foi de 54 &#40;27 a 91&#41; meses&#44; variou de dez meses a nove anos e 11 meses&#46; Sete &#40;77&#44;8&#37;&#41; pacientes eram do sexo feminino e todos foram considerados n&#227;o brancos&#46; As demais caracter&#237;sticas sociodemogr&#225;ficas&#44; cl&#237;nicas e laboratoriais do grupo de pacientes com FC com e sem doen&#231;a hepatobiliar est&#227;o descritas na <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">tabela 2</a>&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A idade&#44; em mediana &#40;I&#46;I&#46;Q&#41;&#44; do diagn&#243;stico da doen&#231;a hepatobiliar associada &#224; FC foi sete meses &#40;tr&#234;s a 47&#41;&#46; Esse diagn&#243;stico ocorreu antes e&#47;ou concomitante ao da FC em 88&#44;9&#37; dos pacientes&#44; a presen&#231;a de manifesta&#231;&#245;es hepatobiliares estava entre os primeiros sinais e sintomas da FC em cinco dos nove pacientes &#40;55&#44;6&#37;&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os pacientes com hepatopatia tiveram maior frequ&#234;ncia de muta&#231;&#245;es graves no gene <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">CFTR</span> &#40;77&#44;8&#37; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">vs</span>&#46; 39&#44;6&#37;&#59; p &#61; 0&#44;033&#41; e de insufici&#234;ncia pancre&#225;tica grave &#40;88&#44;9&#37; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">vs</span>&#46; 31&#44;6&#37;&#59; p &#61; 0&#44;007&#41; do que o grupo sem doen&#231;a hepatobiliar&#46; Embora n&#227;o tenha sido estatisticamente significante&#44; as crian&#231;as com doen&#231;a hepatobiliar apresentaram diagn&#243;stico da FC muito mais precoce em compara&#231;&#227;o com o segundo grupo&#44; com mediana &#40;I&#46;I&#46;Q&#41; de sete &#40;4&#44;5 a 47&#41; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">vs</span>&#46; 59 &#40;sete a 104&#44;5&#41; meses&#44; respectivamente &#40;p &#61; 0&#44;059&#41; &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">tabela 2</a>&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Em rela&#231;&#227;o &#224;s caracter&#237;sticas cl&#237;nicas&#44; dos nove pacientes com doen&#231;a hepatobiliar associada &#224; FC&#44; nenhum teve &#237;leo meconial e um apresentava fun&#231;&#227;o pancre&#225;tica normal com doen&#231;a biliar assintom&#225;tica&#46; Os demais &#40;88&#44;9&#37;&#41; tinham insufici&#234;ncia pancre&#225;tica grave&#46;</p><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">tabela 3</a> apresenta as caracter&#237;sticas cl&#237;nicas no momento do diagn&#243;stico da FC dos pacientes com doen&#231;a hepatobiliar&#46; Algum agravo nutricional &#40;escore&#8208;z peso&#47;idade e&#47;ou altura&#47;idade e&#47;ou IMC&#47; idade &#60; &#8208;2&#41; foi encontrado em seis &#40;66&#44;7&#37;&#41; desses pacientes&#46; As medianas do escore&#8208;z para peso&#47;idade e altura&#47;idade nesse grupo de pacientes foi de &#8208;3&#44;27 e &#8208;3&#44;08&#44; com valores m&#237;nimos de &#8208;9&#44;49 e &#8208;6&#44;82&#44; respectivamente&#46; Os valores de escore&#8208;z de IMC&#47;idade foram &#62; &#8208;2 em 77&#44;8&#37; dos casos&#44; devido &#224; redu&#231;&#227;o proporcional dos valores de peso e altura &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">tabela 3</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0015"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A forma de apresenta&#231;&#227;o da doen&#231;a hepatobiliar associada &#224; FC est&#225; descrita na <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0020">tabela 4</a>&#46; A hepatomegalia foi o achado mais encontrado&#44; estava presente em sete pacientes &#40;77&#44;8&#37;&#41;&#44; seguida de aumento da ecogenicidade hep&#225;tica em cinco crian&#231;as &#40;55&#44;5&#37;&#41;&#46; Todos os pacientes fizeram sorologia para citomegalov&#237;rus &#40;CMV&#41;&#44; a qual foi positiva em dois casos&#44; um desses tamb&#233;m confirmado por t&#233;cnica de PCR&#46; Um paciente com sorologia negativa teve a infec&#231;&#227;o por CMV confirmada por PCR&#46; Esses pacientes apresentavam achados de bi&#243;psia hep&#225;tica compat&#237;veis com doen&#231;a hepatobiliar da FC&#46; Em rela&#231;&#227;o &#224;s complica&#231;&#245;es da hepatopatia&#44; foi observada hipertens&#227;o portal em dois pacientes&#44; esplenomegalia em apenas um caso e varizes esof&#225;gicas em um dos quatro pacientes que fizeram EDA&#46; Somente uma crian&#231;a evoluiu com sinais de insufici&#234;ncia hep&#225;tica aguda&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0020"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0080">Discuss&#227;o</span><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O presente estudo demonstrou que 16&#44;4&#37; dos pacientes com FC apresentaram doen&#231;a hepatobiliar&#46; Essa frequ&#234;ncia foi semelhante &#224; descrita por Wagener et al&#46; &#40;16&#44;3&#37;&#41;&#44; que avaliaram 30&#46;727 pacientes com FC de um estudo multic&#234;ntrico nos Estados Unidos e Canad&#225;&#44; entre 1999&#8208;2004&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0185"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11</span></a> No entanto&#44; Fagundes et al&#46; acompanharam 106 pacientes brasileiros com FC por cerca de um ano e encontraram frequ&#234;ncia menor &#40;9&#44;4&#37;&#41; de doen&#231;a hepatobiliar associada &#224; FC&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0140"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> Al&#233;m do curto per&#237;odo de seguimento&#44; os autores usaram apenas altera&#231;&#245;es bioqu&#237;micas e&#47;ou cl&#237;nicas como crit&#233;rios diagn&#243;sticos&#44; o que pode ter levado ao n&#227;o diagn&#243;stico dessa complica&#231;&#227;o&#46; A preval&#234;ncia da doen&#231;a hepatobiliar associada &#224; FC &#233; bastante vari&#225;vel na literatura&#44; devido &#224; apresenta&#231;&#227;o cl&#237;nica heterog&#234;nea&#44; &#224; aus&#234;ncia de crit&#233;rios diagn&#243;sticos universais e &#224; varia&#231;&#227;o das caracter&#237;sticas inerentes &#224; popula&#231;&#227;o &#40;idade&#44; sexo&#44; taxa de sobrevida&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0215"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a> Alguns estudos longitudinais</p><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">em europeus&#44; americanos e brasileiros t&#234;m mostrado preval&#234;ncia entre 5&#44;7&#37; e 39&#37;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0150"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4&#8211;11</span></a></p><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O sexo masculino tem sido considerado um fator de risco para o desenvolvimento de doen&#231;a hepatobiliar associada &#224; FC&#46; Colombo et al&#46; demonstraram risco 2&#44;5 vezes maior de doen&#231;a hepatobiliar no sexo masculino&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> Por&#233;m&#44; o presente estudo evidenciou maior frequ&#234;ncia do sexo masculino no grupo sem doen&#231;a hepatobiliar &#40;p &#61; 0&#44;042&#41;&#46; A predomin&#226;ncia do sexo feminino nos pacientes com doen&#231;a hepatobiliar &#40;77&#44;8&#37;&#41; concordou com os dados de Lindblad et al&#46;&#44; nos quais 68&#44;6&#37; dos pacientes com FC e hepatopatia eram do sexo feminino&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0160"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a></p><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Neste estudo&#44; a idade do diagn&#243;stico da doen&#231;a hepatobiliar associada &#224; FC foi precoce &#40;mediana de sete meses&#41;&#44; variou de tr&#234;s meses a tr&#234;s anos e 11 meses&#44; as manifesta&#231;&#245;es hepatobiliares estavam entre os primeiros sinais e sintomas da FC em 55&#44;6&#37; &#40;5&#47;9&#41; desses pacientes&#46; Adicionalmente&#44; &#233; importante destacar que o diagn&#243;stico da doen&#231;a hepatobiliar ocorreu antes e&#47;ou concomitante ao da FC em 88&#44;9&#37; &#40;8&#47;9&#41; deles&#46; No entanto&#44; Ciuc&#227; et al&#46;&#44; ao estudar 66 romenos com FC&#44; demonstraram que apenas tr&#234;s pacientes &#40;4&#44;5&#37;&#41; apresentaram doen&#231;a hepatobiliar como primeira manifesta&#231;&#227;o da FC&#44; com um intervalo m&#233;dio de quatro anos entre o diagn&#243;stico da FC e da hepatopatia&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0220"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a> Outros trabalhos tamb&#233;m t&#234;m demonstrado um surgimento mais tardio da doen&#231;a hepatobiliar&#44; variou entre tr&#234;s e oito anos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0140"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2&#44;7&#8211;9&#44;18&#44;19</span></a>&#46; Logo&#44; os achados do presente estudo demonstram a precocidade dessa manifesta&#231;&#227;o nessa popula&#231;&#227;o de pacientes com FC e a import&#226;ncia de se investigar FC em pacientes com hepatopatia&#46;</p><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Entre as poss&#237;veis justificativas para a apresenta&#231;&#227;o t&#227;o precoce est&#225; o fato dos pacientes com doen&#231;a hepatobiliar terem fen&#243;tipos mais graves da FC&#44; o que foi corroborado pela associa&#231;&#227;o demonstrada entre a presen&#231;a de insufici&#234;ncia pancre&#225;tica grave <span class="elsevierStyleUnderline">&#40;</span>88&#44;9&#37; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">vs</span>&#46; 31&#44;6&#37;&#59; p &#61; 0&#44;007&#41; e muta&#231;&#245;es graves no gene <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">CFTR</span><span class="elsevierStyleUnderline">&#40;</span>77&#44;8&#37; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">vs</span>&#46; 39&#44;6&#37;&#59; p &#61; 0&#44;033&#41; nesse grupo&#44; comparado ao sem doen&#231;a hepatobiliar&#46;</p><p id="par0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Adicionalmente&#44; Lamireau et al&#46; demonstraram que a insufici&#234;ncia pancre&#225;tica &#233; um fator independente associado ao aumento da preval&#234;ncia da doen&#231;a hepatobiliar na FC&#44; leva a um risco 9&#44;8 vezes maior de hepatopatia nos pacientes com FC&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> Apesar de a literatura n&#227;o descrever associa&#231;&#227;o entre qualquer muta&#231;&#227;o relacionada ao <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">CFTR</span> e a presen&#231;a ou gravidade da doen&#231;a hepatobiliar&#44; alguns estudos t&#234;m mostrado que gen&#243;tipos mais graves podem ser considerados fatores de risco&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0230"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20&#44;21</span></a> A cirrose ocorre predominantemente em indiv&#237;duos com muta&#231;&#245;es das classes I&#44; II e III&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0135"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#44;10&#44;22&#44;23</span></a> Estudo feito com 174 romenos com FC evidenciou risco cerca de cinco vezes maior de desenvolver doen&#231;a hepatobiliar em pacientes com muta&#231;&#245;es graves &#40;OR&#58; 4&#44;79&#41;&#44; as quais foram identificadas em 78&#37; daqueles com doen&#231;a hepatobiliar&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0220"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a> Entretanto&#44; sabe&#8208;se que o desenvolvimento doen&#231;a hep&#225;tica &#233; muito vari&#225;vel entre pacientes com mesmas muta&#231;&#245;es no <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">CFTR</span>&#44; sugere um poss&#237;vel papel multig&#234;nico&#44; do polimorfismo gen&#233;tico e de fatores ambientais&#44; n&#227;o avaliado no estudo&#44; na patog&#234;nese dessa complica&#231;&#227;o&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0135"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#44;3&#44;13&#44;21&#44;24</span></a> Assim&#44; estudos posteriores poder&#227;o avaliar o papel dessas vari&#225;veis no desenvolvimento da doen&#231;a hepatobiliar&#46;</p><p id="par0125" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Indicadores de fun&#231;&#227;o pulmonar e do estado nutricional ruins na FC tamb&#233;m t&#234;m sido estudados como fatores de risco para doen&#231;a hepatobiliar e poderiam justificar a gravidade e precocidade dessa complica&#231;&#227;o&#46; Fagundes et al&#46; identificaram uma associa&#231;&#227;o entre escore&#8208;z de P&#47;I &#60; &#8208;2 e desenvolvimento de doen&#231;a hepatobiliar e que valores de escore de Shwachman&#8208;Kulczycki &#8804; 70 conferiam um risco 7&#44;5 vezes maior de desenvolvimento dessa complica&#231;&#227;o nos pacientes com FC&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0255"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">25</span></a> No presente estudo&#44; 44&#44;4&#37; dos pacientes com doen&#231;a hepatobiliar tinha esse escore &#8804; 70 e havia algum agravo nutricional em 66&#44;7&#37; deles&#46; Por&#233;m&#44; torna&#8208;se necess&#225;ria a compara&#231;&#227;o dessas vari&#225;veis com o grupo sem doen&#231;a hepatobiliar para fortalecer a import&#226;ncia desses achados&#46;</p><p id="par0130" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Embora n&#227;o tenha sido estatisticamente significante&#44; vale ressaltar que o diagn&#243;stico da FC foi muito mais precoce no grupo com doen&#231;a hepatobiliar comparado com aqueles sem essa complica&#231;&#227;o &#40;mediana de sete <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">vs</span>&#46; 59 meses&#59; p &#61; 0&#44;059&#41;&#46; Em concord&#226;ncia&#44; Fagundes et al&#46; demonstraram que a idade ao diagn&#243;stico da FC estava independentemente associada ao desenvolvimento de hepatopatia&#44; de maneira inversamente proporcional&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0255"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">25</span></a> &#201; poss&#237;vel que a doen&#231;a hepatobiliar fa&#231;a parte de um espectro de pior progn&#243;stico e gravidade da FC&#44; o que justificaria o diagn&#243;stico mais precoce da doen&#231;a nesses pacientes&#46; &#201; poss&#237;vel que uma amostra de maior tamanho pudesse demonstrar essa associa&#231;&#227;o&#44; desde que este estudo avaliou apenas 55 crian&#231;as&#46;</p><p id="par0135" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A doen&#231;a hep&#225;tica com cirrose e suas complica&#231;&#245;es tendem a ocorrer em cerca de 7&#37; a 12&#37; dos pacientes com FC&#44; entre sete e 10 anos&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0160"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6&#44;18&#44;19</span></a> Lamireau et al&#46; demonstraram um tempo mediano de 10 anos para a evolu&#231;&#227;o da hepatopatia associada a FC &#224; hipertens&#227;o portal&#46; No presente estudo&#44; apenas dois pacientes com FC &#40;3&#44;6&#37;&#41;&#44; os quais j&#225; tinham hipertens&#227;o portal desde o diagn&#243;stico&#44; apresentaram cirrose hep&#225;tica&#44; aos cinco meses e tr&#234;s anos&#46; A n&#227;o feitura de bi&#243;psia hep&#225;tica em todos os pacientes e a idade precoce das crian&#231;as com doen&#231;a hepatobiliar &#40;mediana de sete meses&#41; podem justificar a menor frequ&#234;ncia de cirrose&#44; j&#225; que &#233; uma consequ&#234;ncia tardia&#44; secund&#225;ria &#224; les&#227;o progressiva de hepat&#243;citos&#44; devido ao espessamento biliar e &#224; sua toxicidade&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0215"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a> Por&#233;m&#44; chama aten&#231;&#227;o a precocidade da cirrose e da hipertens&#227;o portal no atual trabalho&#44; sugere um espectro mais grave da hepatopatia nessa popula&#231;&#227;o&#46; Uma poss&#237;vel justificativa seria a presen&#231;a de infec&#231;&#227;o concomitante pelo CMV&#44; que agravou o quadro hep&#225;tico&#46; Essa infec&#231;&#227;o chega a ocorrer em 50&#37; das crian&#231;as no primeiro ano de idade em locais com altas taxas de soropositividade&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0260"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">26</span></a> o que est&#225; associado &#224;s prec&#225;rias condi&#231;&#245;es socioecon&#244;micas &#40;presentes na popula&#231;&#227;o estudada&#41;&#46; Entretanto&#44; essa associa&#231;&#227;o n&#227;o foi confirmada&#46; Por outro lado&#44; embora essa infec&#231;&#227;o tenha sido investigada em todos os pacientes atrav&#233;s da sorologia&#44; apenas dois o fizeram pela t&#233;cnica de <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">PCR</span>&#44; pode ter ocorrido subdiagn&#243;stico&#46;</p><p id="par0140" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Dentre as limita&#231;&#245;es deste trabalho destaca&#8208;se o pequeno tamanho da casu&#237;stica de pacientes com FC e do n&#250;mero de pacientes com doen&#231;a hepatobiliar&#46; Tamb&#233;m&#44; apenas quatro pacientes fizeram bi&#243;psia hep&#225;tica&#44; o que pode ter subestimado a ocorr&#234;ncia da hepatopatia&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; n&#227;o foi poss&#237;vel confirmar o diagn&#243;stico gen&#233;tico da FC em todos os pacientes&#44; desde que apenas sete muta&#231;&#245;es foram pesquisadas&#46; Ainda mais&#44; n&#227;o foi avaliado o papel do polimorfismo gen&#233;tico no desenvolvimento dessa complica&#231;&#227;o&#46; Apesar disso&#44; os resultados obtidos foram expressivos&#46;</p><p id="par0145" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Este trabalho encontrou uma alta frequ&#234;ncia de doen&#231;a hepatobiliar entre os pacientes com FC &#40;16&#44;4&#37;&#41;&#44; que ocorreu como manifesta&#231;&#227;o inicial da FC em 55&#44;6&#37; dos pacientes com hepatopatia&#46; Destaca&#8208;se a ocorr&#234;ncia mais precoce da doen&#231;a hepatobiliar&#44; bem como o aparecimento de complica&#231;&#245;es em rela&#231;&#227;o &#224; literatura&#46; Isso enfatiza a import&#226;ncia de se incluir a FC no diagn&#243;stico diferencial de todas as hepatopatias na inf&#226;ncia&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; foi observada associa&#231;&#227;o entre presen&#231;a de insufici&#234;ncia pancre&#225;tica e de muta&#231;&#245;es graves no gene <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">CFTR</span> e a ocorr&#234;ncia de doen&#231;a hepatobiliar&#46; No entanto&#44; novos estudos que envolvam n&#250;mero maior de pacientes devem ser feitos&#44; para avaliar melhor outros fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento da doen&#231;a hepatobiliar na FC&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0085">Financiamento</span><p id="par0150" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Financiamento parcial da Funda&#231;&#227;o de Amparo &#224; Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia &#40;Fabesp&#41; sob o n&#250;mero 020&#47;2013 &#8211; Programa Pesquisa para o SUS da Bahia&#58; gest&#227;o partilhada de sa&#250;de&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0090">Conflitos de interesse</span><p id="par0155" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os autores declaram n&#227;o haver conflitos de interesse&#46;</p></span></span>"
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        "titulo" => "Abstract"
        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Objectives</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The aims of the study were to determine the frequency of hepatobiliary disease in patients with cystic fibrosis and to describe the sociodemographic&#44; clinical&#44; and laboratory profile of these patients&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Methods</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">This was a retrospective&#44; descriptive&#44; and analytical study of 55 patients diagnosed with cystic fibrosis&#44; aged between 3 months and 21 years&#44; followed&#8208;up from January 2008 to June 2016 in a referral center&#46; Medical records were consulted and sociodemographic&#44; clinical and laboratory data&#44; including hepatobiliary alterations&#44; imaging studies&#44; genetic studies&#44; liver biopsies&#44; and upper digestive endoscopies were registered&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Results</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Hepatobiliary disease was diagnosed in 16&#46;4&#37; of the patients and occurred as an initial manifestation of cystic fibrosis in 55&#46;6&#37; of these cases&#46; The diagnosis of hepatopathy occurred before or concomitantly with the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis in 88&#46;9&#37; of the children&#46; All patients with hepatobiliary disease were considered non&#8208;white&#44; with a predominance of females &#40;77&#46;8&#37;&#41; and median &#40;IQR&#41; of 54 &#40;27&#8211;91&#41; months&#46; Compared with the group without hepatobiliary disease&#44; children with liver disease had a higher frequency of severe mutations identified in the <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">CFTR</span> gene &#40;77&#46;8&#37; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">vs</span>&#46; 39&#46;6&#37;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;033&#41; and severe pancreatic insufficiency &#40;88&#46;9&#37; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">vs</span>&#46; 31&#46;6&#37;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;007&#41;&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Conclusion</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The frequency of hepatobiliary disease was high&#44; with a very early diagnosis of the disease and its complications in the studied series&#46; A statistical association was observed between the occurrence of hepatobiliary disease and the presence of pancreatic insufficiency and severe mutations in the <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">CFTR</span> gene&#46; It is emphasized that cystic fibrosis is an important differential diagnosis of liver diseases in childhood&#46;</p></span>"
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        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Objetivos</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Os objetivos do estudo foram determinar a frequ&#234;ncia da doen&#231;a hepatobiliar em pacientes com fibrose c&#237;stica e descrever o perfil sociodemogr&#225;fico&#44; cl&#237;nico e laboratorial destes&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">M&#233;todos</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Estudo retrospectivo&#44; descritivo e anal&#237;tico de 55 pacientes com diagn&#243;stico de fibrose c&#237;stica&#44; entre tr&#234;s meses e 21 anos&#44; acompanhados de janeiro de 2008 a junho de 2016 em um centro de refer&#234;ncia&#46; Foi realizada consulta aos prontu&#225;rios m&#233;dicos&#44; registrando&#8208;se os dados sociodemogr&#225;ficos&#44; cl&#237;nicos e laboratoriais&#44; incluindo&#8208;se altera&#231;&#245;es hepatobiliares&#44; exames de imagem&#44; estudos gen&#233;ticos&#44; bi&#243;psias hep&#225;ticas e endoscopias digestivas altas&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Resultados</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A doen&#231;a hepatobiliar foi diagnosticada em 16&#44;4&#37; dos pacientes e ocorreu como manifesta&#231;&#227;o inicial da fibrose c&#237;stica em 55&#44;6&#37; destes casos&#46; O diagn&#243;stico da hepatopatia ocorreu antes ou concomitantemente ao diagn&#243;stico da fibrose c&#237;stica em 88&#44;9&#37; das crian&#231;as&#46; Todos os pacientes com doen&#231;a hepatobiliar foram considerados n&#227;o brancos&#44; havendo predomin&#226;ncia do sexo feminino &#40;77&#44;8&#37;&#41; e mediana &#40;I&#46;I&#46;Q&#41; de idade de 54 &#40;27&#8208;91&#41; meses&#46; Em compara&#231;&#227;o com o grupo sem doen&#231;a hepatobiliar&#44; as crian&#231;as com hepatopatia tiveram maior frequ&#234;ncia de muta&#231;&#245;es graves no gene CFTR identificadas &#40;77&#44;8&#37; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">vs</span>&#46; 39&#44;6&#37;&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;033&#41; e de insufici&#234;ncia pancre&#225;tica grave &#40;88&#44;9&#37; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">vs</span>&#46; 31&#44;6&#37;&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;007&#41;&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Conclus&#227;o</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A frequ&#234;ncia de doen&#231;a hepatobiliar foi elevada&#44; observou&#8208;se um diagn&#243;stico muito precoce da mesma e de suas complica&#231;&#245;es na casu&#237;stica estudada&#46; Houve associa&#231;&#227;o estat&#237;stica entre a ocorr&#234;ncia de doen&#231;a hepatobiliar e a presen&#231;a de insufici&#234;ncia pancre&#225;tica e de muta&#231;&#245;es graves do gene CFTR&#46; Enfatiza&#8208;se que a fibrose c&#237;stica represente um importante diagn&#243;stico diferencial de hepatopatias na inf&#226;ncia&#46;</p></span>"
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        "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0050">Como citar este artigo&#58; Nascimento FS&#44; Sena NA&#44; Ferreira TA&#44; Marques CD&#44; Silva LR&#44; Souza EL&#46; Hepatobiliary disease in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis&#46; J Pediatr &#40;Rio J&#41;&#46; 2018&#59;94&#58;504&#8211;10&#46;</p>"
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                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Ano&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">2008&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">2009&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">2010&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Casos novos de FC&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">16&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Casos novos de doen&#231;a hepatobiliar&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">15&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">18&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">21&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">25&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">34&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">37&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">55&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">55&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Z score Peso&#47;Idade &#40;mediana&#47;I&#46;I&#46;Q&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8722;3&#44;27 &#40;&#8722;4&#44;34 a &#8722;0&#44;26&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Z score Altura&#47;Idade &#40;mediana&#47;I&#46;I&#46;Q&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8722;3&#44;08 &#40;&#8722;4&#44;4 a &#8722;0&#44;46&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Z score Peso&#47;Altura &#40;mediana&#47;I&#46;I&#46;Q&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8722;0&#44;43 &#40;&#8722;2&#44;39 a 0&#44;41&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Z score IMC&#47; Idade &#40;mediana&#47;I&#46;I&#46;Q&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8722;0&#44;26 &#40;1&#44;86 a &#8722;0&#44;15&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Manifesta&#231;&#245;es pulmonares &#40;N&#47;&#37;&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">9 &#40;100&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Valor do Escore de Shwachman&#8208;Kulczycki &#40;mediana&#47;I&#46;I&#46;Q&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">85 &#40;57&#44;5 a 87&#44;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Classifica&#231;&#227;o do Escore de Shwachman&#8208;Kulczycki &#40;N&#47;&#37;&#41;</span><span class="elsevierStyleSup"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">a</span></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Excelente ou bom &#40;100&#8208;71&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">5 &#40;66&#44;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>M&#233;dio &#40;70&#8208;56&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1 &#40;11&#44;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Moderado ou Grave &#40;&#8804; 55&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3 &#40;33&#44;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
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          "pt" => "<p id="spar0060" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Caracter&#237;sticas cl&#237;nicas no momento do diagn&#243;stico da FC dos pacientes com doen&#231;a hepatobiliar&#44; acompanhados entre janeiro de 2008 a junho de 2016&#44; em um centro de refer&#234;ncia</p>"
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          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0075" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">ALT&#44; Alanina Aminotransferase&#59; AST&#44; Aspartato Aminotransferase&#59; BD&#44; Bilirrubina Direta&#59; EDA&#44; Endoscopia Digestiva Alta&#59; F&#44; Feminino&#59; FA&#44; Fosfatase Alcalina&#59; GGT&#44; Gamaglutamil Transferase&#59; M&#44; Masculino&#59; TP&#44; Tempo de Protrombina&#59; USG&#44; Ultrassonografia&#46;</p>"
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                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Caso&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Sexo&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">In&#237;cio da doen&#231;a hepatobiliar<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Gen&#243;tipo&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Cl&#237;nica&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Laborat&#243;rio&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">USG de abdome&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Bi&#243;psia hep&#225;tica&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">EDA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">M&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">19&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">F508del&#47; 3120&#43;1G&#8208;A&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Hepatomegalia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8593;Persistente AST&#47; GGT&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Hepatomegalia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">F&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">35&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">F508del&#47; G542X&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Hepatomegalia<br>Circula&#231;&#227;o colateral&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8593; Persistente FA<br>&#8595; Persistente TP&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Hepatoesplenomegalia<br>&#8593; da ecogenicidade hep&#225;tica<br>Microvesicula<br>Hipertens&#227;o portal&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Cirrose bili&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Varizes esof&#225;gicas&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">M&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">88&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">F508del&#47; F508del&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Hepatomegalia<br>Icter&#237;cia<br>Circula&#231;&#227;o colateral&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8593;Persistente AST&#47;ALT&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Hepatomegalia<br>&#8593; da ecogenicidade hep&#225;tica<br>F&#237;gado lobular&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Esteatose hep&#225;tica&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Normal&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">F&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">N&#227;o encontrada&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Ausente&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Normal&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Lit&#237;ase biliar&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">F&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">N&#227;o encontrada&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Hepatomegalia<br>Icter&#237;cia&#47; Col&#250;ria<br>Acolia fecal&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8593; Transit&#243;ria AST&#47;ALT&#47;GGT&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Normal&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Colestase intrahep&#225;tica<br>Bile no espa&#231;o porta&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">F&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">F508del&#47; F508del&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Hepatomegalia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8593; Persistente FA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Hepatomegalia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">F&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">59&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">F 508del&#47; 3120&#43;1G&#8208;A&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Hepatomegalia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8593; Persistente FA<br>&#8595; Persistente TP&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Hepatomegalia<br>&#8593; da ecogenicidade hep&#225;tica<br>Esteatose hep&#225;tica&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Fibrose portal&#47;septal e perissinusiodal&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Normal&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">F&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">G542X&#47;<br>R1162X&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Hepatomegalia<br>Icter&#237;cia&#47; Col&#250;ria<br>Acolia fecal<br>Circula&#231;&#227;o colateral&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8593; Persistente AST&#47;ALT<br>FA&#47;GGT&#47; BD<br>&#8595; Persistente TP&#47;Albumina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Hepatomegalia<br>&#8593; da ecogenicidade hep&#225;tica<br>F&#237;gado nodular e borda irregular<br>Hipertens&#227;o portal&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Cirrose biliar&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">F&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">F508del&#47; F508del&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Hepatomegalia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8593; Persistente AST&#47;ALT&#47;FA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Hepatomegalia<br>&#8593; da ecogenicidade hep&#225;tica<br>Esteatose hep&#225;tica&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Normal&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
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              "identificador" => "tblfn0040"
              "etiqueta" => "a"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0040">Idade de in&#237;cio em meses&#46;</p> <p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>Eleva&#231;&#227;o persistente&#58; acima de 6 meses&#46;</p>"
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          "pt" => "<p id="spar0070" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Apresenta&#231;&#227;o cl&#237;nica dos pacientes com doen&#231;a hepatobiliar associada &#224; fibrose c&#237;stica de um centro de refer&#234;ncia&#44; entre janeiro de 2008 e junho de 2016</p>"
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "bibliografia" => array:2 [
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