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atualmente&#46; Com os avan&#231;os recentes em t&#233;cnicas de diagn&#243;stico por imagem&#44; como ultrassonografia &#40;USG&#41; ou tomografia computadorizada &#40;TC&#41;&#44; a precis&#227;o do diagn&#243;stico de apendicite aguda melhorou e as taxas de apendicectomia negativa foram reduzidas&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0175"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a></p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Entre essas modalidades de diagn&#243;stico&#44; a ultrassonografia foi considerada uma ferramenta de aux&#237;lio no diagn&#243;stico de apendicite aguda nos &#250;ltimos 30 anos e foi particularmente &#250;til no diagn&#243;stico de apendicite em crian&#231;as&#44; porque n&#227;o usa exposi&#231;&#227;o &#224; radia&#231;&#227;o ionizante e n&#227;o &#233; invasiva&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0175"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> Contudo&#44; a precis&#227;o de seu diagn&#243;stico varia&#44; depende do operador&#59; ademais&#44; fazer um diagn&#243;stico com base em achados da ultrassonografia &#233; dif&#237;cil em pacientes obesos&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0175"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4&#44;5</span></a> Entretanto&#44; a TC tem alta sensibilidade e especificidade&#59; assim&#44; &#233; um m&#233;todo diagn&#243;stico relativamente preciso e&#44; consequentemente&#44; o n&#250;mero de exames de TC aumentou consideravelmente&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0175"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4&#8211;6</span></a> Contudo&#44; a TC deve ser feita com cuidado&#44; devido &#224; exposi&#231;&#227;o &#224; radia&#231;&#227;o associada e ao consequente risco de c&#226;ncer&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0185"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6&#8211;8</span></a> Saito et al&#46; relataram diversos m&#233;todos usados atualmente para diagnosticar a apendicite pedi&#225;trica em diferentes hospitais&#44; por&#233;m n&#227;o se chegou a uma conclus&#227;o clara com rela&#231;&#227;o ao efeito da idade ou do &#237;ndice de massa corporal &#40;IMC&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0185"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> N&#227;o h&#225; exposi&#231;&#227;o &#224; radia&#231;&#227;o ionizante com diagn&#243;stico por imagem de resson&#226;ncia magn&#233;tica&#46; O <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">scanner</span> &#233; seguro durante a gravidez e o resultado do exame &#233; confi&#225;vel e preciso&#46; Contudo&#44; o diagn&#243;stico por imagem de resson&#226;ncia magn&#233;tica n&#227;o &#233; usado amplamente quando se trata de custos&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0175"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a></p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Por essas raz&#245;es&#44; h&#225; um crescente interesse na TC de baixa dosagem&#46; Alguns estudos sobre a TC de baixa dosagem foram relatados&#44; com foco em diferentes doen&#231;as&#44; inclusive doen&#231;as card&#237;acas ou pulmonares&#44; al&#233;m de doen&#231;as abdominais&#44; e em v&#225;rias faixas et&#225;rias&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0200"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9&#44;10</span></a> Al&#233;m disso&#44; muitos relat&#243;rios avaliaram diagn&#243;sticos que usaram a TC de baixa dosagem em adultos e adolescentes e esses achados foram aplicados na pr&#225;tica cl&#237;nica&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0210"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11&#8211;15</span></a> Contudo&#44; nenhum estudo relatou a efic&#225;cia de usar a TC de baixa dosagem no diagn&#243;stico de apendicite aguda em crian&#231;as com menos de 10 anos&#44; inclusive a primeira inf&#226;ncia&#44; pois estudos anteriores tiveram como foco principal jovens adultos ou adolescentes&#46;</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Assim&#44; no presente estudo&#44; avaliamos a utilidade e a precis&#227;o da TC de baixa dosagem no diagn&#243;stico de apendicite aguda na inf&#226;ncia e comparamos o uso da TC de baixa dosagem nesse contexto com a ultrassonografia abdominal e a TC abdominal de dosagem padr&#227;o&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0070">M&#233;todos</span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">Pacientes e extra&#231;&#227;o de dados</span><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Foram recrutadas para o estudo crian&#231;as com menos de 10 anos internadas no Hospital Universit&#225;rio Chung&#8208;Ang de mar&#231;o de 2005 a dezembro de 2014 com suspeita cl&#237;nica de apendicite aguda&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a> Entre os recrutamentos&#44; foram exclu&#237;dos os pacientes n&#227;o submetidos a avalia&#231;&#227;o radiol&#243;gica e aqueles em que o prop&#243;sito da avalia&#231;&#227;o radiol&#243;gica n&#227;o estava bem definido&#59; assim&#44; 616 pacientes foram identificados&#46; Desses&#44; ainda mais pacientes foram exclu&#237;dos devido a apendicectomia anterior&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; foram exclu&#237;dos pacientes com uma anomalia gastrointestinal que causou falsa percep&#231;&#227;o estrutural durante a interpreta&#231;&#227;o radiol&#243;gica&#59; pacientes diagnosticados por imagem de TC&#44; por&#233;m para os quais a dosagem precisa de radia&#231;&#227;o n&#227;o foi registrada&#59; e aqueles com outras anomalias gastrointestinais&#44; como intussuscep&#231;&#227;o ou malignidade&#59; 484 pacientes foram inclu&#237;dos anteriormente e foi feita an&#225;lise retrospectiva em manifesta&#231;&#245;es cl&#237;nicas&#44; achados laboratoriais&#44; achados de diagn&#243;stico por imagem&#44; registros de opera&#231;&#245;es e achados patol&#243;gicos&#46; Desses&#44; nove crian&#231;as foram submetidas &#224; TC ap&#243;s a ultrassonografia &#40;TC de dosagem padr&#227;o&#58; cinco pacientes&#59; TC de baixa dosagem&#58; quatro pacientes&#41; e tamb&#233;m foram exclu&#237;das&#46; Nos 475 pacientes remanescentes&#44; um &#250;nico teste foi feito e&#44; por fim&#44; inclu&#237;do no estudo&#46; O diagn&#243;stico final com apendicite tem como base registros de opera&#231;&#245;es&#44; achados e registros de patologias&#46;</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os indiv&#237;duos foram categorizados em dois grupos de acordo com classifica&#231;&#245;es et&#225;rias desenvolvidas pelo Instituto Nacional de Sa&#250;de Infantil e Desenvolvimento Humano Eunice Kennedy Shriver&#58; primeira inf&#226;ncia &#40;2&#8208;5 anos&#41; e segunda inf&#226;ncia &#40;6&#8208;10 anos&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0240"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a></p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O IMC foi calculado com base nos prontu&#225;rios m&#233;dicos do paciente e os indiv&#237;duos foram categorizados em tr&#234;s grupos de acordo com o IMC espec&#237;fico da idade&#58; peso abaixo da m&#233;dia &#40;&#60; 5 percentis&#41;&#44; peso normal &#40;5&#8208;85 percentis&#41; e acima do peso &#40;&#62; 85 percentis&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Este estudo foi conduzido com a aprova&#231;&#227;o do Conselho de Revis&#227;o Institucional &#40;IRB&#41; do Hospital Universit&#225;rio Chung&#8208;Ang &#40;IRB n&#176;&#58; 10&#8208;014&#8208;02&#8208;03&#41; e o consentimento informado foi dispensado devido &#224; natureza retrospectiva&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0080">M&#233;todos de diagn&#243;stico por imagem</span><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Foram feitas TC de baixa dosagem e dosagem padr&#227;o e ultrassonografia abdominal em todos os indiv&#237;duos deste estudo ao apresentarem sintomas agudos e interpretadas por radiologistas especializados em abd&#244;men&#46; Outros radiologistas especializados em abd&#244;men analisaram retrospectivamente as imagens radiol&#243;gicas&#46;</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Em nossa institui&#231;&#227;o&#44; os exames de TC para dor abdominal aguda foram feitos com meios de contraste intravenosos&#46; Nenhum material de contraste oral ou retal foi usado&#46; A dose de radia&#231;&#227;o da TC foi ajustada de acordo com a idade e o peso da crian&#231;a&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a> Os exames foram feitos em <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">scanners</span> de TC Philips Brilliance iCT 256&#8208;slice ou Brilliance 64&#8208;slice &#40;Philips Healthcare&#44; Cleveland&#44; OH&#44; EUA&#41; com algoritmos de reconstru&#231;&#227;o iterativa estat&#237;sticos &#40;iDose&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0175"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> O protocolo de TC usado foi a t&#233;cnica de escaneamento baseada no tamanho &#40;baseada no peso&#44; 80&#8211;120 kVp&#41;&#44; com modula&#231;&#227;o de dose autom&#225;tica eixo Z baseada na imagem de reconhecimento &#40;DoseRight&#44; Philips Healthcare&#44; Cleveland&#44; OH&#44; EUA&#41;&#46; As imagens foram reformatadas a uma espessura de 3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm por fatia no plano axial e 3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm por fatia no plano frontal para an&#225;lise cl&#237;nica&#46;</p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O principal crit&#233;rio para diagn&#243;stico de apendicite por TC foi a visualiza&#231;&#227;o de um ap&#234;ndice<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm no di&#226;metro&#44; um l&#250;men apendicular n&#227;o opacificado e melhoria significativa da parede&#46; O segundo crit&#233;rio na TC incluiu a visualiza&#231;&#227;o de ac&#250;mulo de gordura periapendicular&#44; apendic&#243;lito&#44; espessamento da parede intestinal&#44; fluido livre&#44; ar extraluminal e a presen&#231;a de flegm&#227;o ou abcesso e os quatro crit&#233;rios finais constituem evid&#234;ncia de perfura&#231;&#227;o&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0245"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18&#8211;20</span></a> Um escaneamento era considerado negativo quando se observava um ap&#234;ndice normal ou caso n&#227;o houvesse sinais secund&#225;rios&#44; mesmo se o ap&#234;ndice n&#227;o pudesse ser visualizado&#46; A presen&#231;a de qualquer diagn&#243;stico alternativo para dor do paciente foi registrada&#44; exceto adenite mesent&#233;rica&#44; por se tratar de um diagn&#243;stico de exclus&#227;o&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0085">An&#225;lise estat&#237;stica</span><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A an&#225;lise estat&#237;stica foi feita com o <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">software</span> estat&#237;stico SPSS 18&#46;0 &#40;SPSS Inc&#46;&#44; IL&#44; EUA&#41;&#46; O teste de an&#225;lise de vari&#226;ncia &#40;Anova&#41;&#44; o teste <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">t</span> de Student&#44; o teste qui&#8208;quadrado &#40;&#967;<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#41; de Pearson e a an&#225;lise de vari&#226;ncia foram usados para analisar diferen&#231;as entre grupos&#46; O n&#237;vel de relev&#226;ncia estat&#237;stica foi estabelecido em p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;05&#46;</p></span></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0090">Resultados</span><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">De 484 crian&#231;as avaliadas por m&#233;todos radiol&#243;gicos&#44; nove foram submetidas &#224; TC ap&#243;s a ultrassonografia e receberam um diagn&#243;stico preciso de apendicite&#46; O diagn&#243;stico foi seguido de apendicectomia&#46; No restante dos 475 pacientes inclu&#237;dos no estudo&#44; um &#250;nico teste foi feito&#46; Dessas&#44; 297 crian&#231;as foram finalmente diagnosticadas com apendicite aguda &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">tabela 1</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A idade m&#233;dia e a faixa et&#225;ria eram ligeiramente maiores em pacientes submetidos a TC de dosagem padr&#227;o do que naqueles submetidos a TC de baixa dosagem ou ultrassonografia &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;002 e p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;022&#41;&#46; Contudo&#44; n&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a significativa nos dois grupos de TC &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;329 e p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#44;000&#41;&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; o IMC m&#233;dio foi ligeiramente mais elevado no grupo de TC de dosagem padr&#227;o &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;000&#41;&#46; Em achados laboratoriais&#44; houve diferen&#231;as significativas na contagem de leuc&#243;citos&#44; na contagem de neutr&#243;filos absoluta e nos n&#237;veis de prote&#237;na C reativa de alta sensibilidade entre os tr&#234;s grupos &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;026&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;029 e p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;013&#44; respectivamente&#41;&#46; Ademais&#44; esses valores tamb&#233;m n&#227;o tiveram diferen&#231;a significativa entre os dois grupos de TC &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;749&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;494 e 0&#44;329&#44; respectivamente&#41;&#46; Outros achados laboratoriais e manifesta&#231;&#245;es cl&#237;nicas s&#227;o apresentados na <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">tabela 1</a>&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0095">Compara&#231;&#227;o dos par&#226;metros de dosagem de radia&#231;&#227;o entre grupos de TC</span><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">No que diz respeito aos dois grupos submetidos a TC&#44; no grupo de TC de baixa dosagem&#44; conforme comparado com o grupo de TC de dosagem padr&#227;o&#44; a dose de radia&#231;&#227;o foi reduzida em 64&#44;2&#37; &#40;2&#44;06<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;52 em compara&#231;&#227;o com 5&#44;76<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3&#44;23&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;000&#41;&#46; No que diz respeito &#224; tens&#227;o e &#224; corrente do tubo&#44; contudo&#44; n&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a significativa entre os dois grupos&#58; TC de baixa dosagem comparado com o grupo de TC de dosagem padr&#227;o &#40;93&#44;58<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>15&#44;36 em compara&#231;&#227;o com 95&#44;91<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>17&#44;20 e 92&#44;56<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>35&#44;00 em compara&#231;&#227;o com 92&#44;85<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>42&#44;17&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;147 e p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;940&#44; respectivamente&#41;&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0100">Compara&#231;&#227;o do diagn&#243;stico de apendicite com base em estudos de diagn&#243;stico por imagem</span><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Comparamos a utilidade de fazer um diagn&#243;stico de apendicite aguda com base em estudos de diagn&#243;stico por imagem na <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">tabela 2</a>&#46; N&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a significativa na sensibilidade entre as tr&#234;s abordagens &#40;95&#44;5&#37; em compara&#231;&#227;o com 95&#37; e 94&#44;5&#37;&#44; respectivamente&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;794&#41; e ainda inclu&#237;mos os pacientes que tiveram seu ap&#234;ndice perfurado&#46; N&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a significativa em especificidade e valor preditivo positivo &#40;VPP&#41; entre os tr&#234;s grupos &#40;94&#44;9&#37; em compara&#231;&#227;o com 80&#37; e 98&#44;8&#37;&#44; respectivamente&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;004 e 96&#44;4&#37; em compara&#231;&#227;o com 92&#44;7&#37; e 97&#44;2&#37;&#44; respectivamente&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;019&#41;&#46; Contudo&#44; ao comparar os grupos de TC de baixa dosagem e TC de dosagem padr&#227;o&#44; n&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a significativa &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;194 e p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;175&#44; respectivamente&#41; e ambas as modalidades de diagn&#243;stico por imagem por TC foram melhores em compara&#231;&#227;o com a ultrassonografia&#46; Ademais&#44; n&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a significativa no valor preditivo negativo &#40;VPN&#41; entre os tr&#234;s grupos &#40;93&#44;7&#37; em compara&#231;&#227;o com 85&#44;7&#37; e 91&#44;3&#37;&#44; respectivamente&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;890&#41;&#46; Ao fazer um diagn&#243;stico de ap&#234;ndice perfurado&#44; a TC de baixa dosagem e a TC de dosagem padr&#227;o foram efetivas e relativamente precisas&#46; Assim&#44; ambas as modalidades de TC foram ferramentas de diagn&#243;stico melhores em compara&#231;&#227;o com a ultrassonografia &#40;100&#37; em compara&#231;&#227;o com 85&#44;7&#37; e 100&#37;&#44; respectivamente&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;027&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0105">Compara&#231;&#227;o dos m&#233;todos de diagn&#243;stico de acordo com a faixa et&#225;ria</span><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Na primeira inf&#226;ncia&#44; a apendicite aguda foi diagnosticada de forma precisa em todos os tr&#234;s grupos&#58; grupo de TC de baixa dosagem&#44; grupo de TC de dosagem padr&#227;o e grupo de ultrassonografia&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; n&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a significativa entre os tr&#234;s grupos &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">tabela 3</a>&#41;&#46; Ao comparar a TC de baixa dosagem com a TC de dosagem padr&#227;o&#44; n&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a significativa na sensibilidade&#44; especificidade&#44; VPP e VPN entre os dois grupos &#40;100&#37; em compara&#231;&#227;o com 95&#37;&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#44;000&#44; 96&#44;4&#37; em compara&#231;&#227;o com 100&#37;&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;491&#44; 94&#44;1&#37; em compara&#231;&#227;o com 100&#37;&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;472 e 100&#37; em compara&#231;&#227;o com 96&#44;7&#37;&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#44;000&#44; respectivamente&#41;&#46; Ademais&#44; nos pacientes da segunda inf&#226;ncia&#44; n&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a significativa na sensibilidade entre os tr&#234;s grupos &#40;94&#44;8&#37; em compara&#231;&#227;o com 92&#44;6&#37; e 94&#44;4&#37;&#44; respectivamente&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;829&#41;&#46; N&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a significativa na especificidade entre os tr&#234;s grupos &#40;94&#37; em compara&#231;&#227;o com 78&#44;6&#37; e 98&#44;2&#37;&#44; respectivamente&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;011&#41;&#46; Contudo&#44; n&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a significativa &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;341&#41; entre a TC de baixa dosagem e a TC de dosagem padr&#227;o&#46; Ambos os grupos apresentaram um valor mais elevado do que o grupo de ultrassonografia&#46; O VPP apresentou uma diferen&#231;a significativa entre os grupos de ultrassonografia e os dois grupos de TC &#40;96&#44;8&#37; em compara&#231;&#227;o com 89&#44;3&#37; e 99&#44;2&#37;&#44; respectivamente&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;009&#41;&#46; N&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a significativa no VPP &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;323&#41; entre os dois grupos de TC&#46; Adicionalmente&#44; o VPN n&#227;o apresentou diferen&#231;a significativa entre os tr&#234;s grupos &#40;90&#44;4&#37; em compara&#231;&#227;o com 84&#44;6&#37; e 88&#44;7&#37;&#44; respectivamente&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;865&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0015"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0110">Compara&#231;&#227;o dos m&#233;todos de diagn&#243;stico de acordo com o IMC</span><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0020">tabela 4</a> apresenta a compara&#231;&#227;o de m&#233;todos radiol&#243;gicos para diagn&#243;stico de acordo com o IMC espec&#237;fico da idade&#46; Entre pacientes com peso menos de 5 pontos percentis abaixo da m&#233;dia&#44; apenas um paciente n&#227;o obteve um diagn&#243;stico&#46; Foram feitos diagn&#243;sticos precisos em todos os tr&#234;s grupos&#46; Adicionalmente&#44; entre pacientes com IMC normal&#44; a sensibilidade e o VPN n&#227;o apresentaram diferen&#231;as significativas &#40;95&#44;5&#37; em compara&#231;&#227;o com 92&#44;6&#37; e 94&#44;8&#37;&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;795 e 93&#44;2&#37; em compara&#231;&#227;o com 71&#44;4&#37; e 92&#44;2&#37;&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;336&#44; respectivamente&#41; entre grupos&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; a especificidade e o VPP n&#227;o apresentaram diferen&#231;as significativas entre os dois tipos de dosagens de TC e foram mais elevados nos grupos de TC do que no grupo de ultrassonografia &#40;93&#44;2&#37; em compara&#231;&#227;o a 98&#44;3&#37;&#44; respectivamente&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;207 e 95&#44;5&#37; em compara&#231;&#227;o com 98&#44;9&#37;&#44; respectivamente&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;206&#41;&#46; Adicionalmente&#44; entre os pacientes acima do peso&#44; apenas tr&#234;s n&#227;o foram diagnosticados&#46; Contudo&#44; n&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a significativa no diagn&#243;stico de acordo com os tr&#234;s m&#233;todos radiol&#243;gicos&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0020"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0055" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0115">Discuss&#227;o</span><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">&#201; altamente poss&#237;vel que a apendicite aguda possa se apresentar com caracter&#237;sticas cl&#237;nicas at&#237;picas em pacientes pedi&#225;tricos&#46; Uma complica&#231;&#227;o&#44; como um ap&#234;ndice perfurado&#44; poder&#225; se manifestar como o sintoma inicial da apendicite&#46; Portanto&#44; &#233; fundamental fazer um diagn&#243;stico precoce de apendicite aguda&#44; principalmente nesses pacientes jovens&#46; Para minimizar o atraso no diagn&#243;stico e diagn&#243;sticos falso positivos e&#47;ou falso negativos&#44; a decis&#227;o sobre e a interpreta&#231;&#227;o da avalia&#231;&#227;o radiol&#243;gica s&#227;o essenciais&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0260"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21&#8211;25</span></a></p><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Contudo&#44; com a maior taxa de ocorr&#234;ncia de c&#226;ncer devido a exposi&#231;&#227;o &#224; radia&#231;&#227;o&#44; tem havido preocupa&#231;&#245;es com rela&#231;&#227;o ao escaneamento por TC&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0190"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7&#44;26&#44;27</span></a> Tem havido muitos estudos sobre a utilidade da TC de baixa dosagem no diagn&#243;stico de apendicite aguda&#46; Contudo&#44; nenhum estudo relatou a efic&#225;cia de usar a TC de baixa dosagem para faz&#234;&#8208;lo na inf&#226;ncia&#44; como em neonatos e em crian&#231;as jovens&#46; Neste estudo&#44; examinamos a utilidade e precis&#227;o de diferentes exames de radiologia&#44; a depender da faixa et&#225;ria e do IMC espec&#237;fico da idade&#46; Diferentemente de estudos anteriores&#44; tentamos confirmar que a TC de baixa dosagem tamb&#233;m &#233; eficaz no grupo da primeira inf&#226;ncia&#46;</p><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">De acordo com nossos resultados&#44; a TC de baixa dosagem foi confirmada como eficaz na feitura de um diagn&#243;stico de apendicite aguda&#44; at&#233; diagnosticou pacientes com ap&#234;ndice perfurado&#44; em compara&#231;&#227;o com ultrassonografia ou TC de dosagem padr&#227;o&#46; Ap&#243;s uma compara&#231;&#227;o com base na faixa et&#225;ria&#44; tamb&#233;m se confirmou eficaz tanto no grupo da primeira quanto da segunda inf&#226;ncia&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; em uma compara&#231;&#227;o com base no IMC espec&#237;fico da idade&#44; confirmou&#8208;se que a TC de baixa dosagem &#233; eficaz no diagn&#243;stico de apendicite aguda n&#227;o apenas em pacientes com peso abaixo da m&#233;dia&#44; mas tamb&#233;m em pacientes acima do peso&#46; A TC de baixa dosagem foi eficaz no diagn&#243;stico em todos os pacientes&#44; principalmente aqueles com um IMC acima de 95 percentis&#46; Em todos os casos&#44; a TC de baixa dosagem se mostrou mais eficaz ou t&#227;o eficaz quanto a TC de dosagem padr&#227;o ou a ultrassonografia em termos de sensibilidade&#44; especificidade&#44; VPP e VPN&#46; Esses achados foram semelhantes aos de estudos pedi&#225;tricos anteriores sobre outras doen&#231;as&#46; Ademais&#44; ele concorda com estudos anteriores com base em uma popula&#231;&#227;o adulta sobre a utilidade da TC de baixa dosagem no diagn&#243;stico de apendicite aguda&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0210"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11&#44;12</span></a></p><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Contudo&#44; devido &#224; natureza retrospectiva do estudo&#44; a TC n&#227;o foi feita com uma dose pr&#233;&#8208;determinada&#44; por&#233;m&#44; em vez disso&#44; de acordo com a idade e o peso&#46; Por essas raz&#245;es&#44; n&#227;o houve consist&#234;ncia na tens&#227;o ou na corrente do tubo&#46; Em especial&#44; a abrang&#234;ncia foi relativamente maior no caso da TC de dosagem padr&#227;o&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; a idade m&#233;dia foi ligeiramente menor no grupo de TC de baixa dosagem em compara&#231;&#227;o com o grupo de TC de dosagem padr&#227;o&#46; Ainda assim&#44; n&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a significativa relacionada &#224; idade entre os dois grupos de TC&#46; Adicionalmente&#44; tamb&#233;m n&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a significativa no n&#250;mero de pacientes em cada grupo&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; a dose de radia&#231;&#227;o foi de fato 64&#44;2&#37; menor no grupo de TC de baixa dosagem&#46;</p><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">No presente estudo&#44; dos 614 pacientes &#40;inclusive os exclu&#237;dos devido a uma dose de radia&#231;&#227;o indefinida&#41;&#44; nos quais foi feita ultrassonografia ou TC sob a suspeita de apendicite&#44; 388 de fato tiveram apendicite e os outros 226 n&#227;o tiveram&#46; Durante o procedimento diagn&#243;stico&#44; os pacientes que apresentavam outras doen&#231;as&#44; com base nos resultados de testes&#44; como intussuscep&#231;&#227;o ou malignidade&#44; foram inicialmente exclu&#237;dos&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; inicialmente tamb&#233;m exclu&#237;mos aqueles em que o prop&#243;sito da avalia&#231;&#227;o radiol&#243;gica n&#227;o estava claro&#59; portanto&#44; o n&#250;mero do grupo de pacientes negativos pode ser maior e o VPN real tamb&#233;m pode ser maior do que o encontrado neste estudo&#46;</p><p id="par0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Contudo&#44; nossos resultados n&#227;o apoiam o uso imprudente da TC de baixa dosagem no diagn&#243;stico de apendicite aguda&#46; De acordo com um relat&#243;rio da Academia Nacional de Ci&#234;ncias sobre riscos de sa&#250;de decorrentes da exposi&#231;&#227;o a baixos n&#237;veis de radia&#231;&#227;o ionizante&#44; BEIR VII&#44; haveria um aumento linear no risco de desenvolvimento de c&#226;ncer mesmo com baixa dosagem&#44; sem um limite espec&#237;fico&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0295"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">28</span></a> Isso tamb&#233;m deveria vir acompanhado pelo estabelecimento de uma l&#243;gica adequada para a idade e dose de radia&#231;&#227;o usada em cada centro&#46; Nos &#250;ltimos anos&#44; a ultrassonografia abdominal tem sido usada como a primeira linha no diagn&#243;stico de apendicite aguda n&#227;o apenas em adultos&#44; mas tamb&#233;m em crian&#231;as&#46; Em casos amb&#237;guos&#44; uma TC &#233; feita&#46; Esse protocolo de estadiamento tem sido estudado e relatado e deve ser aplicado em um ambiente cl&#237;nico&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0245"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18&#44;29</span></a> Nesses casos&#44; a TC de baixa dosagem poder&#225; se tornar uma modalidade opcional &#224; TC de dosagem padr&#227;o&#46; Adicionalmente&#44; em nosso estudo&#44; em termos de casos em que uma TC foi feita ap&#243;s a ultrassonografia&#44; havia quatro pacientes no grupo de TC de baixa dosagem e cinco pacientes no grupo de TC de dosagem padr&#227;o&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; um diagn&#243;stico preciso foi feito com uma probabilidade de 100&#37; em todos os 15 pacientes&#44; inclusive nos seis pacientes exclu&#237;dos da presente an&#225;lise&#44; devido a uma falta de dados de dosagem precisos&#46;</p><p id="par0125" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">H&#225; diversas limita&#231;&#245;es em nosso estudo&#46; O n&#250;mero de pacientes diagnosticados por meio de ultrassonografia foi menor do que o n&#250;mero de pacientes diagnosticados com apendicite por meio de TC de baixa dosagem&#59; portanto&#44; n&#227;o &#233; poss&#237;vel fazer uma compara&#231;&#227;o direta entre essas duas op&#231;&#245;es&#46; Entretanto&#44; v&#225;rios estudos anteriores investigaram o diagn&#243;stico por meio de ultrassonografia&#44; que se mostrou altamente dependente da opini&#227;o de especialista ou da opini&#227;o subjetiva do observador&#46; Ademais&#44; n&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a consider&#225;vel no grau de precis&#227;o do diagn&#243;stico por meio da ultrassonografia entre este estudo e estudos anteriores&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0305"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">30&#44;31</span></a> Assim&#44; nossos resultados indicam que a TC de baixa dosagem n&#227;o &#233; inferior &#224; ultrassonografia no diagn&#243;stico de apendicite&#46;</p><p id="par0130" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Conclus&#227;o&#58; a TC de baixa dosagem &#233; efetiva e relativamente precisa no diagn&#243;stico de apendicite aguda de pacientes na inf&#226;ncia&#44; bem como na adolesc&#234;ncia e na vida adulta jovem&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; a TC de baixa dosagem foi altamente precisa&#44; independentemente de idade ou IMC&#44; na detec&#231;&#227;o da apendicite aguda&#46; Portanto&#44; a TC de baixa dosagem poder&#225; ser uma excelente ferramenta de diagn&#243;stico quando comparada com a ultrassonografia e poder&#225; ser uma modalidade opcional &#224; TC padr&#227;o para avaliar pacientes pedi&#225;tricos com suspeita de apendicite aguda&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0065" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0120">Conflitos de interesse</span><p id="par0135" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os autores declaram n&#227;o haver conflitos de interesse&#46;</p></span></span>"
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              "titulo" => "M&#233;todos de diagn&#243;stico por imagem"
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          "titulo" => "Compara&#231;&#227;o dos par&#226;metros de dosagem de radia&#231;&#227;o entre grupos de TC"
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          "titulo" => "Compara&#231;&#227;o dos m&#233;todos de diagn&#243;stico de acordo com a faixa et&#225;ria"
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          "identificador" => "sec0050"
          "titulo" => "Compara&#231;&#227;o dos m&#233;todos de diagn&#243;stico de acordo com o IMC"
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            0 => "Appendicitis"
            1 => "Childhood"
            2 => "Computed tomography"
            3 => "Ultrasonography"
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          "palabras" => array:4 [
            0 => "Apendicite"
            1 => "Inf&#226;ncia"
            2 => "Tomografia computadorizada"
            3 => "Ultrassonografia"
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        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Objectives</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Computed tomography should be performed after careful consideration due to radiation hazard&#44; which is why interest in low dose CT has increased recently in acute appendicitis&#46; Previous studies have been performed in adult and adolescents populations&#44; but no studies have reported on the efficacy of using low&#8208;dose CT in children younger than 10 years&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Methods</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Patients &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>475&#41; younger than 10 years who were examined for acute appendicitis were recruited&#46; Subjects were divided into three groups according to the examinations performed&#58; low&#8208;dose CT&#44; ultrasonography&#44; and standard&#8208;dose CT&#46; Subjects were categorized according to age and body mass index &#40;BMI&#41;&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Results</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Low&#8208;dose CT was a contributive tool in diagnosing appendicitis&#44; and it was an adequate method&#44; when compared with ultrasonography and standard&#8208;dose CT in terms of sensitivity &#40;95&#46;5&#37; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">vs</span>&#46; 95&#46;0&#37; and 94&#46;5&#37;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;794&#41;&#44; specificity &#40;94&#46;9&#37; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">vs&#46;</span> 80&#46;0&#37; and 98&#46;8&#37;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;024&#41;&#44; positive&#8208;predictive value &#40;96&#46;4&#37; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">vs</span>&#46; 92&#46;7&#37; and 97&#46;2&#37;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;019&#41;&#44; and negative&#8208;predictive value &#40;93&#46;7&#37; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">vs</span>&#46; 85&#46;7&#37; and 91&#46;3&#37;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;890&#41;&#46; Low&#8208;dose CT accurately diagnosed patients with a perforated appendix&#46; Acute appendicitis was effectively diagnosed using low&#8208;dose CT in both early and middle childhood&#46; BMI did not influence the accuracy of detecting acute appendicitis on low&#8208;dose CT&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Conclusion</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Low&#8208;dose CT is effective and accurate for diagnosing acute appendicitis in childhood&#44; as well as in adolescents and young adults&#46; Additionally&#44; low&#8208;dose CT was relatively accurate&#44; irrespective of age or BMI&#44; for detecting acute appendicitis&#46; Therefore&#44; low&#8208;dose CT is recommended for assessing children with suspected acute appendicitis&#46;</p></span>"
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      "pt" => array:3 [
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        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Objetivos</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A tomografia computadorizada deve ser feita ap&#243;s cautelosa considera&#231;&#227;o devido ao perigo de radia&#231;&#227;o&#44; motivo pelo qual o interesse na TC de baixa dosagem tem aumentado recentemente em casos de apendicite aguda&#46; Estudos anteriores foram feitos em popula&#231;&#245;es adultas ou adolescentes&#44; por&#233;m nenhum relatou a efic&#225;cia do uso da TC de baixa dosagem em crian&#231;as com menos de 10 anos&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">M&#233;todos</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Recrutamos pacientes &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>475&#41; com menos de 10 anos examinados com rela&#231;&#227;o a apendicite aguda&#46; Os indiv&#237;duos foram divididos em tr&#234;s grupos de acordo com os exames feitos&#58; TC de baixa dosagem&#44; ultrassonografia e TC de dosagem padr&#227;o&#46; Os indiv&#237;duos foram categorizados de acordo com a idade e o &#237;ndice de massa corporal&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Resultados</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A TC de baixa dosagem foi uma ferramenta de grande contribui&#231;&#227;o no diagn&#243;stico de apendicite e um m&#233;todo adequado em compara&#231;&#227;o com a ultrassonografia e a TC de dosagem padr&#227;o em termos de sensibilidade &#40;95&#44;5&#37; em compara&#231;&#227;o com 95&#37; e 94&#44;5&#37;&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;794&#41;&#44; especificidade &#40;94&#44;9&#37; em compara&#231;&#227;o com 80&#37; e 98&#44;8&#37;&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;024&#41;&#44; valor preditivo positivo &#40;96&#44;4&#37; em compara&#231;&#227;o com 92&#44;7&#37; e 97&#44;2&#37;&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;019&#41; e valor preditivo negativo &#40;93&#44;7&#37; em compara&#231;&#227;o com 85&#44;7&#37; e 91&#44;3&#37;&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;890&#41;&#46; A TC de baixa dosagem diagnosticou de forma precisa pacientes com um ap&#234;ndice perfurado&#46; A apendicite aguda foi diagnosticada de maneira efetiva com a TC de baixa dosagem tanto na primeira quanto na segunda inf&#226;ncia&#46; O IMC n&#227;o influenciou a precis&#227;o da detec&#231;&#227;o de apendicite aguda na TC de baixa dosagem&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Conclus&#227;o</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A TC de baixa dosagem &#233; eficaz e precisa no diagn&#243;stico de apendicite aguda na inf&#226;ncia&#44; bem como em adolescentes e jovens adultos&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; a TC de baixa dosagem foi relativamente precisa&#44; independentemente de idade ou IMC&#44; na detec&#231;&#227;o de apendicite aguda&#46; Assim&#44; a TC de baixa dosagem &#233; recomendada na avalia&#231;&#227;o de crian&#231;as com suspeita de apendicite aguda&#46;</p></span>"
        "secciones" => array:4 [
          0 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0025"
            "titulo" => "Objetivos"
          ]
          1 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0030"
            "titulo" => "M&#233;todos"
          ]
          2 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0035"
            "titulo" => "Resultados"
          ]
          3 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0040"
            "titulo" => "Conclus&#227;o"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "NotaPie" => array:1 [
      0 => array:2 [
        "etiqueta" => "&#9734;"
        "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0025">Como citar este artigo&#58; Yi DY&#44; Lee KH&#44; Park SB&#44; Kim JT&#44; Lee NM&#44; Kim H&#44; et al&#46; Accuracy of low dose CT in the diagnosis of appendicitis in childhood and comparison with USG and standard dose CT&#46; J Pediatr &#40;Rio J&#41;&#46; 2017&#59;93&#58;625&#8211;31&#46;</p>"
      ]
    ]
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      0 => array:8 [
        "identificador" => "tbl0005"
        "etiqueta" => "Tabela 1"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "detalles" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "at1"
            "detalle" => "Tabela "
            "rol" => "short"
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        "tabla" => array:3 [
          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">CNA&#44; contagem de neutr&#243;filos absoluta&#59; PCRas&#44; prote&#237;na C reativa de alta sensibilidade&#59; TC&#44; tomografia computadorizada&#59; TSE&#44; taxa de sedimenta&#231;&#227;o de eritr&#243;citos&#59; USG&#44; ultrassonografia&#46;</p>"
          "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [
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                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td-with-role" title="table-head ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Vari&#225;vel&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">TC de baixa dosagem &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>112&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">USG abdominal &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>40&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">TC de dosagem padr&#227;o &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>145&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " colspan="2" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Valor de p</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Tr&#234;s grupos de diagn&#243;stico por imagem&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Dois grupos de TC&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Idade m&#233;dia &#40;anos&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">7&#44;31<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#44;94&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">6&#44;85<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2&#44;08&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">7&#44;94<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#44;91&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;002<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;329&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Faixa et&#225;ria</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Primeira inf&#226;ncia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">16 &#40;14&#44;3&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">13 &#40;32&#44;5&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">20 &#40;13&#44;8&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;022<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#44;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Segunda inf&#226;ncia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">96 &#40;85&#44;7&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">27 &#40;67&#44;5&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">125 &#40;86&#44;2&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Sexo masculino</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">74 &#40;66&#44;1&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">19 &#40;47&#44;5&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">96 &#40;66&#44;2&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;082&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#44;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">&#205;ndice de massa corporal m&#233;dio</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">16&#44;26<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2&#44;10&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">16&#44;26<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2&#44;32&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">18&#44;34<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3&#44;30&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;000<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;000<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Tempo de interna&#231;&#227;o &#40;dias&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">4&#44;8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#44;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">4&#44;8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2&#44;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">5&#44;2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#44;9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;151&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;061&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N&#250;mero de pacientes perfurados</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">32 &#40;28&#44;6&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">7 &#40;17&#44;5&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">42 &#40;29&#44;0&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;241&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#44;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Achados laboratoriais</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Contagem de leuc&#243;citos &#40;&#47;mm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span>&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">14&#44;438<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4&#44;938&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">12&#44;117<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4&#44;670&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">14&#44;241<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4&#44;737&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;026<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;749&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>CNA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">11&#44;654<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4&#44;797&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">9&#44;378<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4&#44;519&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">11&#44;245<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4&#44;571&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;029<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;494&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>TSE &#40;mm&#47;h&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">8&#44;2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>15&#44;7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">6&#44;4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>15&#44;8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">9&#44;0<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>17&#44;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;660&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;670&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>PCRas &#40;mg&#47;dL&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">38&#44;7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>57&#44;0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">13&#44;3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>25&#44;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;031<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;329&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
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          "pt" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Manifesta&#231;&#245;es cl&#237;nicas e achados laboratoriais de acordo com m&#233;todos radiol&#243;gicos em crian&#231;as com apendicite aguda</p>"
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          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0060" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">NS&#44; n&#227;o h&#225; diferen&#231;a significativa&#59; TC&#44; tomografia computadorizada&#59; USG&#44; ultrassonografia&#59; VPN&#44; valor preditivo negativo&#59; VPP&#44; valor preditivo positivo&#46;</p>"
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                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">USG abdominal &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>55&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">TC de dosagem padr&#227;o &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>230&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " colspan="2" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Valor de p</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Dois grupos de TC&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>VPP&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>VPN&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;774&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Diagn&#243;stico de perfura&#231;&#227;o</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">32&#47;32 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&#47;7 &#40;85&#44;7&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">42&#47;42 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;027<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;365&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;491&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;878&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;472&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">25&#47;27 &#40;92&#44;6&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">118&#47;125 &#40;94&#44;4&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;829&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#44;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Especificidade&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">47&#47;50 &#40;94&#44;0&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">11&#47;14 &#40;78&#44;6&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">55&#47;56 &#40;98&#44;2&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;011<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;341&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">VPP&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">91&#47;94 &#40;96&#44;8&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">25&#47;28 &#40;89&#44;3&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">118&#47;119 &#40;99&#44;2&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;009<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;323&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">VPN&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">47&#47;52 &#40;90&#44;4&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">11&#47;13 &#40;84&#44;6&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">55&#47;62 &#40;88&#44;7&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;865&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#44;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
              ]
              "imagenFichero" => array:1 [
                0 => "xTab1580257.png"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          "notaPie" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "tblfn0015"
              "etiqueta" => "a"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0015">O valor de p foi estatisticamente significativo&#44;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;05&#46;</p>"
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "pt" => "<p id="spar0065" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Compara&#231;&#227;o de m&#233;todos radiol&#243;gicos para diagn&#243;stico de acordo com a faixa et&#225;ria em crian&#231;as com apendicite aguda</p>"
        ]
      ]
      3 => array:8 [
        "identificador" => "tbl0020"
        "etiqueta" => "Tabela 4"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "detalles" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "at4"
            "detalle" => "Tabela "
            "rol" => "short"
          ]
        ]
        "tabla" => array:3 [
          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0080" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">IMC&#44; &#237;ndice de massa corporal&#59; NS&#44; n&#227;o h&#225; diferen&#231;a significativa&#59; TC&#44; tomografia computadorizada&#59; USG&#44; ultrassonografia&#59; VPN&#44; valor preditivo negativo&#59; VPP&#44; valor preditivo positivo&#46;</p>"
          "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td-with-role" title="table-head ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Grupo de IMC&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Vari&#225;vel&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">TC de baixa dosagem &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>190&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">USG abdominal &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>55&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">TC de dosagem padr&#227;o<br>&#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>230&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " colspan="2" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Valor de p</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Tr&#234;s grupos de diagn&#243;stico por imagem&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Dois grupos de TC&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " rowspan="4" align="left" valign="top">Peso abaixo da m&#233;dia &#40;&#60; 5P&#41; &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>46&#41;</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Sensibilidade&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">11&#47;12 &#40;91&#44;7&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">7&#47;7 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">7&#47;7 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Especificidade&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">10&#47;10 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">3&#47;3 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">7&#47;7 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">VPP&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">11&#47;11 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">7&#47;7 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">7&#47;7 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">VPN&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">10&#47;11 &#40;90&#44;9&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">3&#47;3 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">7&#47;7 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;774&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " rowspan="4" align="left" valign="top">Normal &#40;5 &#8764; 85P&#41; &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>339&#41;</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Sensibilidade&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">85&#47;89 &#40;95&#44;5&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">25&#47;27 &#40;92&#44;6&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">91&#47;96 &#40;94&#44;8&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;795&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Especificidade&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">55&#47;59 &#40;93&#44;2&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#47;8 &#40;62&#44;5&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">59&#47;60 &#40;98&#44;3&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;002<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;207&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">VPP&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">85&#47;89 &#40;95&#44;5&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">25&#47;28 &#40;89&#44;3&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">91&#47;92 &#40;98&#44;9&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;021<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;206&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">VPN&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">55&#47;59 &#40;93&#44;2&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#47;7 &#40;71&#44;4&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">59&#47;64 &#40;92&#44;2&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;336&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " rowspan="4" align="left" valign="top">Acima do peso &#40;85P &#60;&#41; &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>90&#41;</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Sensibilidade&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">11&#47;11 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&#47;6 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">39&#47;42 &#40;92&#44;9&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;301&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Especificidade&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">9&#47;9 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">4&#47;4 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">18&#47;18 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">VPP&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">11&#47;11 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&#47;6 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">39&#47;39 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">VPN&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">9&#47;9 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">4&#47;4 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">18&#47;21 &#40;85&#44;7&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;200&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;534&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
              ]
              "imagenFichero" => array:1 [
                0 => "xTab1580254.png"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          "notaPie" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "tblfn0020"
              "etiqueta" => "a"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0020">O valor de p foi estatisticamente significativo&#44;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;05&#46;</p>"
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "pt" => "<p id="spar0075" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Compara&#231;&#227;o de m&#233;todos radiol&#243;gicos para diagn&#243;stico de acordo com o &#237;ndice de massa corporal em crian&#231;as com apendicite aguda</p>"
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "bibliografia" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "Refer&#234;ncias"
      "seccion" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "bibs0005"
          "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:31 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0160"
              "etiqueta" => "1"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "The epidemiology of appendicitis and appendectomy in the United States"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "D&#46;G&#46; Addiss"
                            1 => "N&#46; Shaffer"
                            2 => "B&#46;S&#46; Fowler"
                            3 => "R&#46;V&#46; Tauxe"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Am J Epidemiol"
                        "fecha" => "1990"
                        "volumen" => "132"
                        "paginaInicial" => "910"
                        "paginaFinal" => "925"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2239906"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0165"
              "etiqueta" => "2"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
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Artigo Original
Accuracy of low dose CT in the diagnosis of appendicitis in childhood and comparison with USG and standard dose CT
Precisão de tomografia computadorizada (TC) de baixa dosagem no diagnóstico de apendicite na infância e comparação com ultrassonografia e TC de dosagem padrão
Dae Yong Yia, Kyung Hoon Leea, Sung Bin Parkb, Jee Taek Kimc, Na Mi Leea, Hyery Kima, Sin Weon Yuna, Soo Ahn Chaea, In Seok Lima,
Autor para correspondência
inseok@cau.ac.kr

Autor para correspondência.
a Chung‐Ang University Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Seul, Coreia do Sul
b Chung‐Ang University Hospital, Department of Radiology, Seul, Coreia do Sul
c Chung‐Ang University Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Seul, Coreia do Sul
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atualmente&#46; Com os avan&#231;os recentes em t&#233;cnicas de diagn&#243;stico por imagem&#44; como ultrassonografia &#40;USG&#41; ou tomografia computadorizada &#40;TC&#41;&#44; a precis&#227;o do diagn&#243;stico de apendicite aguda melhorou e as taxas de apendicectomia negativa foram reduzidas&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0175"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a></p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Entre essas modalidades de diagn&#243;stico&#44; a ultrassonografia foi considerada uma ferramenta de aux&#237;lio no diagn&#243;stico de apendicite aguda nos &#250;ltimos 30 anos e foi particularmente &#250;til no diagn&#243;stico de apendicite em crian&#231;as&#44; porque n&#227;o usa exposi&#231;&#227;o &#224; radia&#231;&#227;o ionizante e n&#227;o &#233; invasiva&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0175"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> Contudo&#44; a precis&#227;o de seu diagn&#243;stico varia&#44; depende do operador&#59; ademais&#44; fazer um diagn&#243;stico com base em achados da ultrassonografia &#233; dif&#237;cil em pacientes obesos&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0175"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4&#44;5</span></a> Entretanto&#44; a TC tem alta sensibilidade e especificidade&#59; assim&#44; &#233; um m&#233;todo diagn&#243;stico relativamente preciso e&#44; consequentemente&#44; o n&#250;mero de exames de TC aumentou consideravelmente&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0175"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4&#8211;6</span></a> Contudo&#44; a TC deve ser feita com cuidado&#44; devido &#224; exposi&#231;&#227;o &#224; radia&#231;&#227;o associada e ao consequente risco de c&#226;ncer&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0185"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6&#8211;8</span></a> Saito et al&#46; relataram diversos m&#233;todos usados atualmente para diagnosticar a apendicite pedi&#225;trica em diferentes hospitais&#44; por&#233;m n&#227;o se chegou a uma conclus&#227;o clara com rela&#231;&#227;o ao efeito da idade ou do &#237;ndice de massa corporal &#40;IMC&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0185"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> N&#227;o h&#225; exposi&#231;&#227;o &#224; radia&#231;&#227;o ionizante com diagn&#243;stico por imagem de resson&#226;ncia magn&#233;tica&#46; O <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">scanner</span> &#233; seguro durante a gravidez e o resultado do exame &#233; confi&#225;vel e preciso&#46; Contudo&#44; o diagn&#243;stico por imagem de resson&#226;ncia magn&#233;tica n&#227;o &#233; usado amplamente quando se trata de custos&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0175"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a></p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Por essas raz&#245;es&#44; h&#225; um crescente interesse na TC de baixa dosagem&#46; Alguns estudos sobre a TC de baixa dosagem foram relatados&#44; com foco em diferentes doen&#231;as&#44; inclusive doen&#231;as card&#237;acas ou pulmonares&#44; al&#233;m de doen&#231;as abdominais&#44; e em v&#225;rias faixas et&#225;rias&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0200"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9&#44;10</span></a> Al&#233;m disso&#44; muitos relat&#243;rios avaliaram diagn&#243;sticos que usaram a TC de baixa dosagem em adultos e adolescentes e esses achados foram aplicados na pr&#225;tica cl&#237;nica&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0210"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11&#8211;15</span></a> Contudo&#44; nenhum estudo relatou a efic&#225;cia de usar a TC de baixa dosagem no diagn&#243;stico de apendicite aguda em crian&#231;as com menos de 10 anos&#44; inclusive a primeira inf&#226;ncia&#44; pois estudos anteriores tiveram como foco principal jovens adultos ou adolescentes&#46;</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Assim&#44; no presente estudo&#44; avaliamos a utilidade e a precis&#227;o da TC de baixa dosagem no diagn&#243;stico de apendicite aguda na inf&#226;ncia e comparamos o uso da TC de baixa dosagem nesse contexto com a ultrassonografia abdominal e a TC abdominal de dosagem padr&#227;o&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0070">M&#233;todos</span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">Pacientes e extra&#231;&#227;o de dados</span><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Foram recrutadas para o estudo crian&#231;as com menos de 10 anos internadas no Hospital Universit&#225;rio Chung&#8208;Ang de mar&#231;o de 2005 a dezembro de 2014 com suspeita cl&#237;nica de apendicite aguda&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a> Entre os recrutamentos&#44; 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Desses&#44; nove crian&#231;as foram submetidas &#224; TC ap&#243;s a ultrassonografia &#40;TC de dosagem padr&#227;o&#58; cinco pacientes&#59; TC de baixa dosagem&#58; quatro pacientes&#41; e tamb&#233;m foram exclu&#237;das&#46; Nos 475 pacientes remanescentes&#44; um &#250;nico teste foi feito e&#44; por fim&#44; inclu&#237;do no estudo&#46; O diagn&#243;stico final com apendicite tem como base registros de opera&#231;&#245;es&#44; achados e registros de patologias&#46;</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os indiv&#237;duos foram categorizados em dois grupos de acordo com classifica&#231;&#245;es et&#225;rias desenvolvidas pelo Instituto Nacional de Sa&#250;de Infantil e Desenvolvimento Humano Eunice Kennedy Shriver&#58; primeira inf&#226;ncia &#40;2&#8208;5 anos&#41; e segunda inf&#226;ncia &#40;6&#8208;10 anos&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0240"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a></p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O IMC foi calculado com base nos prontu&#225;rios m&#233;dicos do paciente e os indiv&#237;duos foram categorizados em tr&#234;s grupos de acordo com o IMC espec&#237;fico da idade&#58; peso abaixo da m&#233;dia &#40;&#60; 5 percentis&#41;&#44; peso normal &#40;5&#8208;85 percentis&#41; e acima do peso &#40;&#62; 85 percentis&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Este estudo foi conduzido com a aprova&#231;&#227;o do Conselho de Revis&#227;o Institucional &#40;IRB&#41; do Hospital Universit&#225;rio Chung&#8208;Ang &#40;IRB n&#176;&#58; 10&#8208;014&#8208;02&#8208;03&#41; e o consentimento informado foi dispensado devido &#224; natureza retrospectiva&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0080">M&#233;todos de diagn&#243;stico por imagem</span><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Foram feitas TC de baixa dosagem e dosagem padr&#227;o e ultrassonografia abdominal em todos os indiv&#237;duos deste estudo ao apresentarem sintomas agudos e interpretadas por radiologistas especializados em abd&#244;men&#46; Outros radiologistas especializados em abd&#244;men analisaram retrospectivamente as imagens radiol&#243;gicas&#46;</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Em nossa institui&#231;&#227;o&#44; os exames de TC para dor abdominal aguda foram feitos com meios de contraste intravenosos&#46; Nenhum material de contraste oral ou retal foi usado&#46; A dose de radia&#231;&#227;o da TC foi ajustada de acordo com a idade e o peso da crian&#231;a&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a> Os exames foram feitos em <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">scanners</span> de TC Philips Brilliance iCT 256&#8208;slice ou Brilliance 64&#8208;slice &#40;Philips Healthcare&#44; Cleveland&#44; OH&#44; EUA&#41; com algoritmos de reconstru&#231;&#227;o iterativa estat&#237;sticos &#40;iDose&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0175"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> O protocolo de TC usado foi a t&#233;cnica de escaneamento baseada no tamanho &#40;baseada no peso&#44; 80&#8211;120 kVp&#41;&#44; com modula&#231;&#227;o de dose autom&#225;tica eixo Z baseada na imagem de reconhecimento &#40;DoseRight&#44; Philips Healthcare&#44; Cleveland&#44; OH&#44; EUA&#41;&#46; As imagens foram reformatadas a uma espessura de 3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm por fatia no plano axial e 3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm por fatia no plano frontal para an&#225;lise cl&#237;nica&#46;</p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O principal crit&#233;rio para diagn&#243;stico de apendicite por TC foi a visualiza&#231;&#227;o de um ap&#234;ndice<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm no di&#226;metro&#44; um l&#250;men apendicular n&#227;o opacificado e melhoria significativa da parede&#46; O segundo crit&#233;rio na TC incluiu a visualiza&#231;&#227;o de ac&#250;mulo de gordura periapendicular&#44; apendic&#243;lito&#44; espessamento da parede intestinal&#44; fluido livre&#44; ar extraluminal e a presen&#231;a de flegm&#227;o ou abcesso e os quatro crit&#233;rios finais constituem evid&#234;ncia de perfura&#231;&#227;o&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0245"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18&#8211;20</span></a> Um escaneamento era considerado negativo quando se observava um ap&#234;ndice normal ou caso n&#227;o houvesse sinais secund&#225;rios&#44; mesmo se o ap&#234;ndice n&#227;o pudesse ser visualizado&#46; A presen&#231;a de qualquer diagn&#243;stico alternativo para dor do paciente foi registrada&#44; exceto adenite mesent&#233;rica&#44; por se tratar de um diagn&#243;stico de exclus&#227;o&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0085">An&#225;lise estat&#237;stica</span><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A an&#225;lise estat&#237;stica foi feita com o <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">software</span> estat&#237;stico SPSS 18&#46;0 &#40;SPSS Inc&#46;&#44; IL&#44; EUA&#41;&#46; O teste de an&#225;lise de vari&#226;ncia &#40;Anova&#41;&#44; o teste <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">t</span> de Student&#44; o teste qui&#8208;quadrado &#40;&#967;<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#41; de Pearson e a an&#225;lise de vari&#226;ncia foram usados para analisar diferen&#231;as entre grupos&#46; O n&#237;vel de relev&#226;ncia estat&#237;stica foi estabelecido em p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;05&#46;</p></span></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0090">Resultados</span><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">De 484 crian&#231;as avaliadas por m&#233;todos radiol&#243;gicos&#44; nove foram submetidas &#224; TC ap&#243;s a ultrassonografia e receberam um diagn&#243;stico preciso de apendicite&#46; O diagn&#243;stico foi seguido de apendicectomia&#46; No restante dos 475 pacientes inclu&#237;dos no estudo&#44; um &#250;nico teste foi feito&#46; Dessas&#44; 297 crian&#231;as foram finalmente diagnosticadas com apendicite aguda &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">tabela 1</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A idade m&#233;dia e a faixa et&#225;ria eram ligeiramente maiores em pacientes submetidos a TC de dosagem padr&#227;o do que naqueles submetidos a TC de baixa dosagem ou ultrassonografia &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;002 e p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;022&#41;&#46; Contudo&#44; n&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a significativa nos dois grupos de TC &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;329 e p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#44;000&#41;&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; o IMC m&#233;dio foi ligeiramente mais elevado no grupo de TC de dosagem padr&#227;o &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;000&#41;&#46; Em achados laboratoriais&#44; houve diferen&#231;as significativas na contagem de leuc&#243;citos&#44; na contagem de neutr&#243;filos absoluta e nos n&#237;veis de prote&#237;na C reativa de alta sensibilidade entre os tr&#234;s grupos &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;026&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;029 e p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;013&#44; respectivamente&#41;&#46; Ademais&#44; esses valores tamb&#233;m n&#227;o tiveram diferen&#231;a significativa entre os dois grupos de TC &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;749&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;494 e 0&#44;329&#44; respectivamente&#41;&#46; Outros achados laboratoriais e manifesta&#231;&#245;es cl&#237;nicas s&#227;o apresentados na <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">tabela 1</a>&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0095">Compara&#231;&#227;o dos par&#226;metros de dosagem de radia&#231;&#227;o entre grupos de TC</span><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">No que diz respeito aos dois grupos submetidos a TC&#44; no grupo de TC de baixa dosagem&#44; conforme comparado com o grupo de TC de dosagem padr&#227;o&#44; a dose de radia&#231;&#227;o foi reduzida em 64&#44;2&#37; &#40;2&#44;06<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;52 em compara&#231;&#227;o com 5&#44;76<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3&#44;23&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;000&#41;&#46; No que diz respeito &#224; tens&#227;o e &#224; corrente do tubo&#44; contudo&#44; n&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a significativa entre os dois grupos&#58; TC de baixa dosagem comparado com o grupo de TC de dosagem padr&#227;o &#40;93&#44;58<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>15&#44;36 em compara&#231;&#227;o com 95&#44;91<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>17&#44;20 e 92&#44;56<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>35&#44;00 em compara&#231;&#227;o com 92&#44;85<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>42&#44;17&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;147 e p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;940&#44; respectivamente&#41;&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0100">Compara&#231;&#227;o do diagn&#243;stico de apendicite com base em estudos de diagn&#243;stico por imagem</span><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Comparamos a utilidade de fazer um diagn&#243;stico de apendicite aguda com base em estudos de diagn&#243;stico por imagem na <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">tabela 2</a>&#46; N&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a significativa na sensibilidade entre as tr&#234;s abordagens &#40;95&#44;5&#37; em compara&#231;&#227;o com 95&#37; e 94&#44;5&#37;&#44; respectivamente&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;794&#41; e ainda inclu&#237;mos os pacientes que tiveram seu ap&#234;ndice perfurado&#46; N&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a significativa em especificidade e valor preditivo positivo &#40;VPP&#41; entre os tr&#234;s grupos &#40;94&#44;9&#37; em compara&#231;&#227;o com 80&#37; e 98&#44;8&#37;&#44; respectivamente&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;004 e 96&#44;4&#37; em compara&#231;&#227;o com 92&#44;7&#37; e 97&#44;2&#37;&#44; respectivamente&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;019&#41;&#46; Contudo&#44; ao comparar os grupos de TC de baixa dosagem e TC de dosagem padr&#227;o&#44; n&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a significativa &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;194 e p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;175&#44; respectivamente&#41; e ambas as modalidades de diagn&#243;stico por imagem por TC foram melhores em compara&#231;&#227;o com a ultrassonografia&#46; Ademais&#44; n&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a significativa no valor preditivo negativo &#40;VPN&#41; entre os tr&#234;s grupos &#40;93&#44;7&#37; em compara&#231;&#227;o com 85&#44;7&#37; e 91&#44;3&#37;&#44; respectivamente&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;890&#41;&#46; Ao fazer um diagn&#243;stico de ap&#234;ndice perfurado&#44; a TC de baixa dosagem e a TC de dosagem padr&#227;o foram efetivas e relativamente precisas&#46; Assim&#44; ambas as modalidades de TC foram ferramentas de diagn&#243;stico melhores em compara&#231;&#227;o com a ultrassonografia &#40;100&#37; em compara&#231;&#227;o com 85&#44;7&#37; e 100&#37;&#44; respectivamente&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;027&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0105">Compara&#231;&#227;o dos m&#233;todos de diagn&#243;stico de acordo com a faixa et&#225;ria</span><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Na primeira inf&#226;ncia&#44; a apendicite aguda foi diagnosticada de forma precisa em todos os tr&#234;s grupos&#58; grupo de TC de baixa dosagem&#44; grupo de TC de dosagem padr&#227;o e grupo de ultrassonografia&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; n&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a significativa entre os tr&#234;s grupos &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">tabela 3</a>&#41;&#46; Ao comparar a TC de baixa dosagem com a TC de dosagem padr&#227;o&#44; n&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a significativa na sensibilidade&#44; especificidade&#44; VPP e VPN entre os dois grupos &#40;100&#37; em compara&#231;&#227;o com 95&#37;&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#44;000&#44; 96&#44;4&#37; em compara&#231;&#227;o com 100&#37;&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;491&#44; 94&#44;1&#37; em compara&#231;&#227;o com 100&#37;&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;472 e 100&#37; em compara&#231;&#227;o com 96&#44;7&#37;&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#44;000&#44; respectivamente&#41;&#46; Ademais&#44; nos pacientes da segunda inf&#226;ncia&#44; n&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a significativa na sensibilidade entre os tr&#234;s grupos &#40;94&#44;8&#37; em compara&#231;&#227;o com 92&#44;6&#37; e 94&#44;4&#37;&#44; respectivamente&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;829&#41;&#46; N&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a significativa na especificidade entre os tr&#234;s grupos &#40;94&#37; em compara&#231;&#227;o com 78&#44;6&#37; e 98&#44;2&#37;&#44; respectivamente&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;011&#41;&#46; Contudo&#44; n&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a significativa &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;341&#41; entre a TC de baixa dosagem e a TC de dosagem padr&#227;o&#46; Ambos os grupos apresentaram um valor mais elevado do que o grupo de ultrassonografia&#46; O VPP apresentou uma diferen&#231;a significativa entre os grupos de ultrassonografia e os dois grupos de TC &#40;96&#44;8&#37; em compara&#231;&#227;o com 89&#44;3&#37; e 99&#44;2&#37;&#44; respectivamente&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;009&#41;&#46; N&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a significativa no VPP &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;323&#41; entre os dois grupos de TC&#46; Adicionalmente&#44; o VPN n&#227;o apresentou diferen&#231;a significativa entre os tr&#234;s grupos &#40;90&#44;4&#37; em compara&#231;&#227;o com 84&#44;6&#37; e 88&#44;7&#37;&#44; respectivamente&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;865&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0015"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0110">Compara&#231;&#227;o dos m&#233;todos de diagn&#243;stico de acordo com o IMC</span><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0020">tabela 4</a> apresenta a compara&#231;&#227;o de m&#233;todos radiol&#243;gicos para diagn&#243;stico de acordo com o IMC espec&#237;fico da idade&#46; Entre pacientes com peso menos de 5 pontos percentis abaixo da m&#233;dia&#44; apenas um paciente n&#227;o obteve um diagn&#243;stico&#46; Foram feitos diagn&#243;sticos precisos em todos os tr&#234;s grupos&#46; Adicionalmente&#44; entre pacientes com IMC normal&#44; a sensibilidade e o VPN n&#227;o apresentaram diferen&#231;as significativas &#40;95&#44;5&#37; em compara&#231;&#227;o com 92&#44;6&#37; e 94&#44;8&#37;&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;795 e 93&#44;2&#37; em compara&#231;&#227;o com 71&#44;4&#37; e 92&#44;2&#37;&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;336&#44; respectivamente&#41; entre grupos&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; a especificidade e o VPP n&#227;o apresentaram diferen&#231;as significativas entre os dois tipos de dosagens de TC e foram mais elevados nos grupos de TC do que no grupo de ultrassonografia &#40;93&#44;2&#37; em compara&#231;&#227;o a 98&#44;3&#37;&#44; respectivamente&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;207 e 95&#44;5&#37; em compara&#231;&#227;o com 98&#44;9&#37;&#44; respectivamente&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;206&#41;&#46; Adicionalmente&#44; entre os pacientes acima do peso&#44; apenas tr&#234;s n&#227;o foram diagnosticados&#46; Contudo&#44; n&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a significativa no diagn&#243;stico de acordo com os tr&#234;s m&#233;todos radiol&#243;gicos&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0020"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0055" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0115">Discuss&#227;o</span><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">&#201; altamente poss&#237;vel que a apendicite aguda possa se apresentar com caracter&#237;sticas cl&#237;nicas at&#237;picas em pacientes pedi&#225;tricos&#46; Uma complica&#231;&#227;o&#44; como um ap&#234;ndice perfurado&#44; poder&#225; se manifestar como o sintoma inicial da apendicite&#46; Portanto&#44; &#233; fundamental fazer um diagn&#243;stico precoce de apendicite aguda&#44; principalmente nesses pacientes jovens&#46; Para minimizar o atraso no diagn&#243;stico e diagn&#243;sticos falso positivos e&#47;ou falso negativos&#44; a decis&#227;o sobre e a interpreta&#231;&#227;o da avalia&#231;&#227;o radiol&#243;gica s&#227;o essenciais&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0260"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21&#8211;25</span></a></p><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Contudo&#44; com a maior taxa de ocorr&#234;ncia de c&#226;ncer devido a exposi&#231;&#227;o &#224; radia&#231;&#227;o&#44; tem havido preocupa&#231;&#245;es com rela&#231;&#227;o ao escaneamento por TC&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0190"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7&#44;26&#44;27</span></a> Tem havido muitos estudos sobre a utilidade da TC de baixa dosagem no diagn&#243;stico de apendicite aguda&#46; Contudo&#44; nenhum estudo relatou a efic&#225;cia de usar a TC de baixa dosagem para faz&#234;&#8208;lo na inf&#226;ncia&#44; como em neonatos e em crian&#231;as jovens&#46; Neste estudo&#44; examinamos a utilidade e precis&#227;o de diferentes exames de radiologia&#44; a depender da faixa et&#225;ria e do IMC espec&#237;fico da idade&#46; Diferentemente de estudos anteriores&#44; tentamos confirmar que a TC de baixa dosagem tamb&#233;m &#233; eficaz no grupo da primeira inf&#226;ncia&#46;</p><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">De acordo com nossos resultados&#44; a TC de baixa dosagem foi confirmada como eficaz na feitura de um diagn&#243;stico de apendicite aguda&#44; at&#233; diagnosticou pacientes com ap&#234;ndice perfurado&#44; em compara&#231;&#227;o com ultrassonografia ou TC de dosagem padr&#227;o&#46; Ap&#243;s uma compara&#231;&#227;o com base na faixa et&#225;ria&#44; tamb&#233;m se confirmou eficaz tanto no grupo da primeira quanto da segunda inf&#226;ncia&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; em uma compara&#231;&#227;o com base no IMC espec&#237;fico da idade&#44; confirmou&#8208;se que a TC de baixa dosagem &#233; eficaz no diagn&#243;stico de apendicite aguda n&#227;o apenas em pacientes com peso abaixo da m&#233;dia&#44; mas tamb&#233;m em pacientes acima do peso&#46; A TC de baixa dosagem foi eficaz no diagn&#243;stico em todos os pacientes&#44; principalmente aqueles com um IMC acima de 95 percentis&#46; Em todos os casos&#44; a TC de baixa dosagem se mostrou mais eficaz ou t&#227;o eficaz quanto a TC de dosagem padr&#227;o ou a ultrassonografia em termos de sensibilidade&#44; especificidade&#44; VPP e VPN&#46; Esses achados foram semelhantes aos de estudos pedi&#225;tricos anteriores sobre outras doen&#231;as&#46; Ademais&#44; ele concorda com estudos anteriores com base em uma popula&#231;&#227;o adulta sobre a utilidade da TC de baixa dosagem no diagn&#243;stico de apendicite aguda&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0210"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11&#44;12</span></a></p><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Contudo&#44; devido &#224; natureza retrospectiva do estudo&#44; a TC n&#227;o foi feita com uma dose pr&#233;&#8208;determinada&#44; por&#233;m&#44; em vez disso&#44; de acordo com a idade e o peso&#46; Por essas raz&#245;es&#44; n&#227;o houve consist&#234;ncia na tens&#227;o ou na corrente do tubo&#46; Em especial&#44; a abrang&#234;ncia foi relativamente maior no caso da TC de dosagem padr&#227;o&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; a idade m&#233;dia foi ligeiramente menor no grupo de TC de baixa dosagem em compara&#231;&#227;o com o grupo de TC de dosagem padr&#227;o&#46; Ainda assim&#44; n&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a significativa relacionada &#224; idade entre os dois grupos de TC&#46; Adicionalmente&#44; tamb&#233;m n&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a significativa no n&#250;mero de pacientes em cada grupo&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; a dose de radia&#231;&#227;o foi de fato 64&#44;2&#37; menor no grupo de TC de baixa dosagem&#46;</p><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">No presente estudo&#44; dos 614 pacientes &#40;inclusive os exclu&#237;dos devido a uma dose de radia&#231;&#227;o indefinida&#41;&#44; nos quais foi feita ultrassonografia ou TC sob a suspeita de apendicite&#44; 388 de fato tiveram apendicite e os outros 226 n&#227;o tiveram&#46; Durante o procedimento diagn&#243;stico&#44; os pacientes que apresentavam outras doen&#231;as&#44; com base nos resultados de testes&#44; como intussuscep&#231;&#227;o ou malignidade&#44; foram inicialmente exclu&#237;dos&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; inicialmente tamb&#233;m exclu&#237;mos aqueles em que o prop&#243;sito da avalia&#231;&#227;o radiol&#243;gica n&#227;o estava claro&#59; portanto&#44; o n&#250;mero do grupo de pacientes negativos pode ser maior e o VPN real tamb&#233;m pode ser maior do que o encontrado neste estudo&#46;</p><p id="par0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Contudo&#44; nossos resultados n&#227;o apoiam o uso imprudente da TC de baixa dosagem no diagn&#243;stico de apendicite aguda&#46; De acordo com um relat&#243;rio da Academia Nacional de Ci&#234;ncias sobre riscos de sa&#250;de decorrentes da exposi&#231;&#227;o a baixos n&#237;veis de radia&#231;&#227;o ionizante&#44; BEIR VII&#44; haveria um aumento linear no risco de desenvolvimento de c&#226;ncer mesmo com baixa dosagem&#44; sem um limite espec&#237;fico&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0295"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">28</span></a> Isso tamb&#233;m deveria vir acompanhado pelo estabelecimento de uma l&#243;gica adequada para a idade e dose de radia&#231;&#227;o usada em cada centro&#46; Nos &#250;ltimos anos&#44; a ultrassonografia abdominal tem sido usada como a primeira linha no diagn&#243;stico de apendicite aguda n&#227;o apenas em adultos&#44; mas tamb&#233;m em crian&#231;as&#46; Em casos amb&#237;guos&#44; uma TC &#233; feita&#46; Esse protocolo de estadiamento tem sido estudado e relatado e deve ser aplicado em um ambiente cl&#237;nico&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0245"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18&#44;29</span></a> Nesses casos&#44; a TC de baixa dosagem poder&#225; se tornar uma modalidade opcional &#224; TC de dosagem padr&#227;o&#46; Adicionalmente&#44; em nosso estudo&#44; em termos de casos em que uma TC foi feita ap&#243;s a ultrassonografia&#44; havia quatro pacientes no grupo de TC de baixa dosagem e cinco pacientes no grupo de TC de dosagem padr&#227;o&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; um diagn&#243;stico preciso foi feito com uma probabilidade de 100&#37; em todos os 15 pacientes&#44; inclusive nos seis pacientes exclu&#237;dos da presente an&#225;lise&#44; devido a uma falta de dados de dosagem precisos&#46;</p><p id="par0125" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">H&#225; diversas limita&#231;&#245;es em nosso estudo&#46; O n&#250;mero de pacientes diagnosticados por meio de ultrassonografia foi menor do que o n&#250;mero de pacientes diagnosticados com apendicite por meio de TC de baixa dosagem&#59; portanto&#44; n&#227;o &#233; poss&#237;vel fazer uma compara&#231;&#227;o direta entre essas duas op&#231;&#245;es&#46; Entretanto&#44; v&#225;rios estudos anteriores investigaram o diagn&#243;stico por meio de ultrassonografia&#44; que se mostrou altamente dependente da opini&#227;o de especialista ou da opini&#227;o subjetiva do observador&#46; Ademais&#44; n&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a consider&#225;vel no grau de precis&#227;o do diagn&#243;stico por meio da ultrassonografia entre este estudo e estudos anteriores&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0305"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">30&#44;31</span></a> Assim&#44; nossos resultados indicam que a TC de baixa dosagem n&#227;o &#233; inferior &#224; ultrassonografia no diagn&#243;stico de apendicite&#46;</p><p id="par0130" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Conclus&#227;o&#58; a TC de baixa dosagem &#233; efetiva e relativamente precisa no diagn&#243;stico de apendicite aguda de pacientes na inf&#226;ncia&#44; bem como na adolesc&#234;ncia e na vida adulta jovem&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; a TC de baixa dosagem foi altamente precisa&#44; independentemente de idade ou IMC&#44; na detec&#231;&#227;o da apendicite aguda&#46; Portanto&#44; a TC de baixa dosagem poder&#225; ser uma excelente ferramenta de diagn&#243;stico quando comparada com a ultrassonografia e poder&#225; ser uma modalidade opcional &#224; TC padr&#227;o para avaliar pacientes pedi&#225;tricos com suspeita de apendicite aguda&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0065" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0120">Conflitos de interesse</span><p id="par0135" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os autores declaram n&#227;o haver conflitos de interesse&#46;</p></span></span>"
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          "titulo" => "Keywords"
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          "titulo" => "Resumo"
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          "titulo" => "Palavras&#8208;chave"
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        4 => array:2 [
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          "titulo" => "Introdu&#231;&#227;o"
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              "identificador" => "sec0015"
              "titulo" => "Pacientes e extra&#231;&#227;o de dados"
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              "identificador" => "sec0020"
              "titulo" => "M&#233;todos de diagn&#243;stico por imagem"
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              "titulo" => "An&#225;lise estat&#237;stica"
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        7 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "sec0035"
          "titulo" => "Compara&#231;&#227;o dos par&#226;metros de dosagem de radia&#231;&#227;o entre grupos de TC"
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          "identificador" => "sec0040"
          "titulo" => "Compara&#231;&#227;o do diagn&#243;stico de apendicite com base em estudos de diagn&#243;stico por imagem"
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          "identificador" => "sec0045"
          "titulo" => "Compara&#231;&#227;o dos m&#233;todos de diagn&#243;stico de acordo com a faixa et&#225;ria"
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          "identificador" => "sec0050"
          "titulo" => "Compara&#231;&#227;o dos m&#233;todos de diagn&#243;stico de acordo com o IMC"
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          "titulo" => "Discuss&#227;o"
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    "fechaRecibido" => "2016-07-23"
    "fechaAceptado" => "2017-01-02"
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        0 => array:4 [
          "clase" => "keyword"
          "titulo" => "Keywords"
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec908949"
          "palabras" => array:4 [
            0 => "Appendicitis"
            1 => "Childhood"
            2 => "Computed tomography"
            3 => "Ultrasonography"
          ]
        ]
      ]
      "pt" => array:1 [
        0 => array:4 [
          "clase" => "keyword"
          "titulo" => "Palavras&#8208;chave"
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec908948"
          "palabras" => array:4 [
            0 => "Apendicite"
            1 => "Inf&#226;ncia"
            2 => "Tomografia computadorizada"
            3 => "Ultrassonografia"
          ]
        ]
      ]
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    "resumen" => array:2 [
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        "titulo" => "Abstract"
        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Objectives</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Computed tomography should be performed after careful consideration due to radiation hazard&#44; which is why interest in low dose CT has increased recently in acute appendicitis&#46; Previous studies have been performed in adult and adolescents populations&#44; but no studies have reported on the efficacy of using low&#8208;dose CT in children younger than 10 years&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Methods</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Patients &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>475&#41; younger than 10 years who were examined for acute appendicitis were recruited&#46; Subjects were divided into three groups according to the examinations performed&#58; low&#8208;dose CT&#44; ultrasonography&#44; and standard&#8208;dose CT&#46; Subjects were categorized according to age and body mass index &#40;BMI&#41;&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Results</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Low&#8208;dose CT was a contributive tool in diagnosing appendicitis&#44; and it was an adequate method&#44; when compared with ultrasonography and standard&#8208;dose CT in terms of sensitivity &#40;95&#46;5&#37; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">vs</span>&#46; 95&#46;0&#37; and 94&#46;5&#37;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;794&#41;&#44; specificity &#40;94&#46;9&#37; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">vs&#46;</span> 80&#46;0&#37; and 98&#46;8&#37;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;024&#41;&#44; positive&#8208;predictive value &#40;96&#46;4&#37; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">vs</span>&#46; 92&#46;7&#37; and 97&#46;2&#37;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;019&#41;&#44; and negative&#8208;predictive value &#40;93&#46;7&#37; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">vs</span>&#46; 85&#46;7&#37; and 91&#46;3&#37;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;890&#41;&#46; Low&#8208;dose CT accurately diagnosed patients with a perforated appendix&#46; Acute appendicitis was effectively diagnosed using low&#8208;dose CT in both early and middle childhood&#46; BMI did not influence the accuracy of detecting acute appendicitis on low&#8208;dose CT&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Conclusion</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Low&#8208;dose CT is effective and accurate for diagnosing acute appendicitis in childhood&#44; as well as in adolescents and young adults&#46; Additionally&#44; low&#8208;dose CT was relatively accurate&#44; irrespective of age or BMI&#44; for detecting acute appendicitis&#46; Therefore&#44; low&#8208;dose CT is recommended for assessing children with suspected acute appendicitis&#46;</p></span>"
        "secciones" => array:4 [
          0 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0005"
            "titulo" => "Objectives"
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          2 => array:2 [
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        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Objetivos</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A tomografia computadorizada deve ser feita ap&#243;s cautelosa considera&#231;&#227;o devido ao perigo de radia&#231;&#227;o&#44; motivo pelo qual o interesse na TC de baixa dosagem tem aumentado recentemente em casos de apendicite aguda&#46; Estudos anteriores foram feitos em popula&#231;&#245;es adultas ou adolescentes&#44; por&#233;m nenhum relatou a efic&#225;cia do uso da TC de baixa dosagem em crian&#231;as com menos de 10 anos&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">M&#233;todos</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Recrutamos pacientes &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>475&#41; com menos de 10 anos examinados com rela&#231;&#227;o a apendicite aguda&#46; Os indiv&#237;duos foram divididos em tr&#234;s grupos de acordo com os exames feitos&#58; TC de baixa dosagem&#44; ultrassonografia e TC de dosagem padr&#227;o&#46; Os indiv&#237;duos foram categorizados de acordo com a idade e o &#237;ndice de massa corporal&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Resultados</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A TC de baixa dosagem foi uma ferramenta de grande contribui&#231;&#227;o no diagn&#243;stico de apendicite e um m&#233;todo adequado em compara&#231;&#227;o com a ultrassonografia e a TC de dosagem padr&#227;o em termos de sensibilidade &#40;95&#44;5&#37; em compara&#231;&#227;o com 95&#37; e 94&#44;5&#37;&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;794&#41;&#44; especificidade &#40;94&#44;9&#37; em compara&#231;&#227;o com 80&#37; e 98&#44;8&#37;&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;024&#41;&#44; valor preditivo positivo &#40;96&#44;4&#37; em compara&#231;&#227;o com 92&#44;7&#37; e 97&#44;2&#37;&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;019&#41; e valor preditivo negativo &#40;93&#44;7&#37; em compara&#231;&#227;o com 85&#44;7&#37; e 91&#44;3&#37;&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;890&#41;&#46; A TC de baixa dosagem diagnosticou de forma precisa pacientes com um ap&#234;ndice perfurado&#46; A apendicite aguda foi diagnosticada de maneira efetiva com a TC de baixa dosagem tanto na primeira quanto na segunda inf&#226;ncia&#46; O IMC n&#227;o influenciou a precis&#227;o da detec&#231;&#227;o de apendicite aguda na TC de baixa dosagem&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Conclus&#227;o</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A TC de baixa dosagem &#233; eficaz e precisa no diagn&#243;stico de apendicite aguda na inf&#226;ncia&#44; bem como em adolescentes e jovens adultos&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; a TC de baixa dosagem foi relativamente precisa&#44; independentemente de idade ou IMC&#44; na detec&#231;&#227;o de apendicite aguda&#46; Assim&#44; a TC de baixa dosagem &#233; recomendada na avalia&#231;&#227;o de crian&#231;as com suspeita de apendicite aguda&#46;</p></span>"
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        "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0025">Como citar este artigo&#58; Yi DY&#44; Lee KH&#44; Park SB&#44; Kim JT&#44; Lee NM&#44; Kim H&#44; et al&#46; Accuracy of low dose CT in the diagnosis of appendicitis in childhood and comparison with USG and standard dose CT&#46; J Pediatr &#40;Rio J&#41;&#46; 2017&#59;93&#58;625&#8211;31&#46;</p>"
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          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">CNA&#44; contagem de neutr&#243;filos absoluta&#59; PCRas&#44; prote&#237;na C reativa de alta sensibilidade&#59; TC&#44; tomografia computadorizada&#59; TSE&#44; taxa de sedimenta&#231;&#227;o de eritr&#243;citos&#59; USG&#44; ultrassonografia&#46;</p>"
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                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td-with-role" title="table-head ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Vari&#225;vel&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">TC de baixa dosagem &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>112&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">USG abdominal &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>40&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">TC de dosagem padr&#227;o &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>145&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " colspan="2" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Valor de p</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Tr&#234;s grupos de diagn&#243;stico por imagem&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Dois grupos de TC&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Idade m&#233;dia &#40;anos&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">7&#44;31<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#44;94&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">6&#44;85<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2&#44;08&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">7&#44;94<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#44;91&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;002<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;329&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Faixa et&#225;ria</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Primeira inf&#226;ncia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">16 &#40;14&#44;3&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">13 &#40;32&#44;5&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">20 &#40;13&#44;8&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;022<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#44;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Segunda inf&#226;ncia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">96 &#40;85&#44;7&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">27 &#40;67&#44;5&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">125 &#40;86&#44;2&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Sexo masculino</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">19 &#40;47&#44;5&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">96 &#40;66&#44;2&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;082&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#44;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">&#205;ndice de massa corporal m&#233;dio</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">16&#44;26<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2&#44;32&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">18&#44;34<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3&#44;30&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;000<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;000<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">4&#44;8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2&#44;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">5&#44;2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#44;9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;151&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;061&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">7 &#40;17&#44;5&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">42 &#40;29&#44;0&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;241&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#44;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Achados laboratoriais</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Contagem de leuc&#243;citos &#40;&#47;mm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span>&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">12&#44;117<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4&#44;670&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">14&#44;241<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4&#44;737&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;026<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;749&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;494&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">74&#47;78 &#40;94&#44;9&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">12&#47;15 &#40;80&#44;0&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">84&#47;85 &#40;98&#44;8&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;004<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;194&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>VPP&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">107&#47;111 &#40;96&#44;4&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">38&#47;41 &#40;92&#44;7&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">137&#47;138 &#40;97&#44;2&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;019<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;175&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>VPN&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">74&#47;79 &#40;93&#44;7&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">12&#47;14 &#40;85&#44;7&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">84&#47;92 &#40;91&#44;3&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;890&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;774&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Diagn&#243;stico de perfura&#231;&#227;o</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">32&#47;32 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&#47;7 &#40;85&#44;7&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">42&#47;42 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;027<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
              ]
              "imagenFichero" => array:1 [
                0 => "xTab1580256.png"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          "notaPie" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "tblfn0010"
              "etiqueta" => "a"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0010">p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;05&#46;</p>"
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "pt" => "<p id="spar0055" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Compara&#231;&#227;o da disponibilidade entre tomografia computadorizada de baixa dosagem e ultrassonografia abdominal ou tomografia computadorizada de dosagem padr&#227;o em crian&#231;as com apendicite aguda</p>"
        ]
      ]
      2 => array:8 [
        "identificador" => "tbl0015"
        "etiqueta" => "Tabela 3"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "detalles" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "at3"
            "detalle" => "Tabela "
            "rol" => "short"
          ]
        ]
        "tabla" => array:3 [
          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0070" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">TC&#44; tomografia computadorizada&#59; USG&#44; ultrassonografia&#59; VPN&#44; valor preditivo negativo&#59; VPP&#44; valor preditivo positivo&#46;</p>"
          "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td-with-role" title="table-head ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Faixa et&#225;ria&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Vari&#225;vel&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">TC de baixa dosagem &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>190&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">USG abdominal &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>55&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">TC de dosagem padr&#227;o &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>230&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " colspan="2" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Valor de p</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Tr&#234;s grupos de diagn&#243;stico por imagem&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Dois grupos de TC&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " rowspan="4" align="left" valign="top">Primeira inf&#226;ncia &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>107&#41;</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Sensibilidade&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">16&#47;16 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">13&#47;13 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">19&#47;20 &#40;95&#44;0&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;289&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#44;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Especificidade&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">27&#47;28 &#40;96&#44;4&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#47;1 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">29&#47;29 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;365&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;491&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">VPP&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">16&#47;17 &#40;94&#44;1&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">13&#47;13 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">19&#47;19 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;878&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;472&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">VPN&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">27&#47;27 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#47;1 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">29&#47;30 &#40;96&#44;7&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;349&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#44;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="7" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " rowspan="4" align="left" valign="top">Segunda inf&#226;ncia &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>368&#41;</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Sensibilidade&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">91&#47;96 &#40;94&#44;8&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">25&#47;27 &#40;92&#44;6&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">118&#47;125 &#40;94&#44;4&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;829&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#44;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Especificidade&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">47&#47;50 &#40;94&#44;0&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">11&#47;14 &#40;78&#44;6&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">55&#47;56 &#40;98&#44;2&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;011<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;341&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">VPP&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">91&#47;94 &#40;96&#44;8&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">25&#47;28 &#40;89&#44;3&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">118&#47;119 &#40;99&#44;2&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;009<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;323&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">VPN&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">47&#47;52 &#40;90&#44;4&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">11&#47;13 &#40;84&#44;6&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">55&#47;62 &#40;88&#44;7&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;865&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#44;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
              ]
              "imagenFichero" => array:1 [
                0 => "xTab1580257.png"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          "notaPie" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "tblfn0015"
              "etiqueta" => "a"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0015">O valor de p foi estatisticamente significativo&#44;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;05&#46;</p>"
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "pt" => "<p id="spar0065" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Compara&#231;&#227;o de m&#233;todos radiol&#243;gicos para diagn&#243;stico de acordo com a faixa et&#225;ria em crian&#231;as com apendicite aguda</p>"
        ]
      ]
      3 => array:8 [
        "identificador" => "tbl0020"
        "etiqueta" => "Tabela 4"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "detalles" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "at4"
            "detalle" => "Tabela "
            "rol" => "short"
          ]
        ]
        "tabla" => array:3 [
          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0080" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">IMC&#44; &#237;ndice de massa corporal&#59; NS&#44; n&#227;o h&#225; diferen&#231;a significativa&#59; TC&#44; tomografia computadorizada&#59; USG&#44; ultrassonografia&#59; VPN&#44; valor preditivo negativo&#59; VPP&#44; valor preditivo positivo&#46;</p>"
          "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td-with-role" title="table-head ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Grupo de IMC&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Vari&#225;vel&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">TC de baixa dosagem &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>190&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">USG abdominal &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>55&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">TC de dosagem padr&#227;o<br>&#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>230&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " colspan="2" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Valor de p</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Tr&#234;s grupos de diagn&#243;stico por imagem&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Dois grupos de TC&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " rowspan="4" align="left" valign="top">Peso abaixo da m&#233;dia &#40;&#60; 5P&#41; &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>46&#41;</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Sensibilidade&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">11&#47;12 &#40;91&#44;7&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">7&#47;7 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">7&#47;7 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Especificidade&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">10&#47;10 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">3&#47;3 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">7&#47;7 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">VPP&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">11&#47;11 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">7&#47;7 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">7&#47;7 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">VPN&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">10&#47;11 &#40;90&#44;9&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">3&#47;3 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">7&#47;7 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;774&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " rowspan="4" align="left" valign="top">Normal &#40;5 &#8764; 85P&#41; &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>339&#41;</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Sensibilidade&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">85&#47;89 &#40;95&#44;5&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">25&#47;27 &#40;92&#44;6&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">91&#47;96 &#40;94&#44;8&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;795&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Especificidade&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">55&#47;59 &#40;93&#44;2&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#47;8 &#40;62&#44;5&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">59&#47;60 &#40;98&#44;3&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;002<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;207&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">VPP&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">85&#47;89 &#40;95&#44;5&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">25&#47;28 &#40;89&#44;3&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">91&#47;92 &#40;98&#44;9&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;021<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;206&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">VPN&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">55&#47;59 &#40;93&#44;2&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#47;7 &#40;71&#44;4&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">59&#47;64 &#40;92&#44;2&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;336&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " rowspan="4" align="left" valign="top">Acima do peso &#40;85P &#60;&#41; &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>90&#41;</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Sensibilidade&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">11&#47;11 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&#47;6 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">39&#47;42 &#40;92&#44;9&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;301&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Especificidade&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">9&#47;9 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">4&#47;4 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">18&#47;18 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">VPP&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">11&#47;11 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&#47;6 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">39&#47;39 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">VPN&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">9&#47;9 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">4&#47;4 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">18&#47;21 &#40;85&#44;7&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;200&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;534&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
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              "identificador" => "tblfn0020"
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              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0020">O valor de p foi estatisticamente significativo&#44;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;05&#46;</p>"
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          "pt" => "<p id="spar0075" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Compara&#231;&#227;o de m&#233;todos radiol&#243;gicos para diagn&#243;stico de acordo com o &#237;ndice de massa corporal em crian&#231;as com apendicite aguda</p>"
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        0 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "bibs0005"
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              "identificador" => "bib0160"
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              "referencia" => array:1 [
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                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
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                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "D&#46;G&#46; Addiss"
                            1 => "N&#46; Shaffer"
                            2 => "B&#46;S&#46; Fowler"
                            3 => "R&#46;V&#46; Tauxe"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
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                        "fecha" => "1990"
                        "volumen" => "132"
                        "paginaInicial" => "910"
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                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2239906"
                            "web" => "Medline"
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              "identificador" => "bib0165"
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              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "The epidemiology of appendicitis and appendectomy in South Korea&#58; national registry data"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "J&#46;H&#46; Lee"
                            1 => "Y&#46;S&#46; Park"
                            2 => "J&#46;S&#46; Choi"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
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                  ]
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                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Epidemiol"
                        "fecha" => "2010"
                        "volumen" => "20"
                        "paginaInicial" => "97"
                        "paginaFinal" => "105"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20023368"
                            "web" => "Medline"
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                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Effect of delay in presentation on rate of perforation in children with appendicitis"
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                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [
                            0 => "C&#46;K&#46; Narsule"
                            1 => "E&#46;J&#46; Kahle"
                            2 => "D&#46;S&#46; Kim"
                            3 => "A&#46;C&#46; Anderson"
                            4 => "F&#46;I&#46; Luks"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
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                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.ajem.2010.04.005"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Am J Emerg Med"
                        "fecha" => "2011"
                        "volumen" => "29"
                        "paginaInicial" => "890"
                        "paginaFinal" => "893"
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                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20627213"
                            "web" => "Medline"
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            3 => array:3 [
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                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Update on imaging for acute appendicitis"
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                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "N&#46;A&#46; Parks"
                            1 => "T&#46;J&#46; Schroeppel"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
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                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.suc.2010.10.017"
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                        "tituloSerie" => "Surg Clin North Am"
                        "fecha" => "2011"
                        "volumen" => "91"
                        "paginaInicial" => "141"
                        "paginaFinal" => "154"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21184905"
                            "web" => "Medline"
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                0 => array:3 [
                  "comentario" => "vii"
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                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Diagnosis and management of pediatric appendicitis&#44; intussusception&#44; and Meckel diverticulum"
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                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "V&#46;K&#46; Pepper"
                            1 => "A&#46;B&#46; Stanfill"
                            2 => "R&#46;H&#46; Pearl"
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                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.suc.2012.03.011"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Surg Clin North Am"
                        "fecha" => "2012"
                        "volumen" => "92"
                        "paginaInicial" => "505"
                        "paginaFinal" => "526"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22595706"
                            "web" => "Medline"
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                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Use and accuracy of diagnostic imaging by hospital type in pediatric appendicitis"
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                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [
                            0 => "J&#46;M&#46; Saito"
                            1 => "Y&#46; Yan"
                            2 => "T&#46;W&#46; Evashwick"
                            3 => "B&#46;W&#46; Warner"
                            4 => "P&#46;I&#46; Tarr"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
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                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1542/peds.2012-1665"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Pediatrics"
                        "fecha" => "2013"
                        "volumen" => "131"
                        "paginaInicial" => "e37"
                        "paginaFinal" => "e44"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23266930"
                            "web" => "Medline"
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                      "titulo" => "Radiation risk to children from computed tomography"
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                        0 => array:3 [
                          "colaboracion" => "American Academy of Pediatrics Section on Radiology"
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
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