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o objetivo do estudo foi comparar diferentes desfechos neonatais de acordo com as diferentes modalidades de tratamentos empregados no manejo do DMG&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0070">Metodologia</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Trata&#8208;se de uma coorte retrospectiva&#44; com base em an&#225;lise de prontu&#225;rio&#44; feita de julho de 2010 a agosto de 2014&#46; A amostra do estudo foi de conveni&#234;ncia e a popula&#231;&#227;o caracteriza&#8208;se por gestantes portadoras de DMG atendidas no ambulat&#243;rio de gesta&#231;&#227;o de alto risco de uma maternidade p&#250;blica&#46; O projeto foi aprovado pelo Comit&#234; de &#201;tica em Pesquisa do Hospital Regional Hans Dieter Schmidt&#44; Joinville &#40;SC&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Foram inclu&#237;das todas as mulheres com idade igual ou superior a 18 anos&#44; com gesta&#231;&#227;o &#250;nica e que preencheram os crit&#233;rios para DMG&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0190"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> O diagn&#243;stico de DMG foi feito com base no teste de toler&#226;ncia oral &#224; glicose&#46; A presen&#231;a de pelo menos um dos tr&#234;s crit&#233;rios a seguir confirmava o diagn&#243;stico&#58; glicemia de jejum &#8805; 92<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;dL&#44; glicemia na 1<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> hora &#8805; 180<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;dL e glicemia na 2<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> hora &#8805; 153<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;dL&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0195"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11</span></a> Al&#233;m disso&#44; foram inclu&#237;das mulheres com beb&#234;s sem malforma&#231;&#245;es&#44; que mantiveram acompanhamento no ambulat&#243;rio e que tiveram o parto feito na maternidade&#46;</p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Foram exclu&#237;das as pacientes que tiveram &#243;bito intrauterino &#40;n &#61; 3&#41;&#46; Dessas&#44; duas faziam parte do grupo tratado com a associa&#231;&#227;o metformina e insulina e uma havia sido tratada com dieta&#46;</p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A primeira consulta de acompanhamento das diab&#233;ticas costuma envolver ultrassom obst&#233;trico e a rotina de triagem para diabetes gestacional&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; as gestantes participaram de uma palestra de recep&#231;&#227;o&#44; com nutricionista e fisioterapeuta&#44; a fim de receber informa&#231;&#245;es para mudan&#231;a de estilo de vida &#40;dieta e exerc&#237;cio f&#237;sico&#41;&#46; Ent&#227;o&#44; a glicemia capilar &#233; monitorada duas vezes no dia da consulta &#40;jejum e uma hora ap&#243;s&#8208;caf&#233;&#41; e uma vez ao m&#234;s em quatro hor&#225;rios &#40;em jejum e uma hora ap&#243;s o in&#237;cio de cada refei&#231;&#227;o&#41;&#46; As consultas t&#234;m intervalo entre 15 e 21 dias&#46;</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Foram considerados as glicemias &#40;jejum e p&#243;s&#8208;prandial&#41;&#44; a circunfer&#234;ncia abdominal fetal&#44; o &#237;ndice de massa corporal &#40;IMC&#41; e a idade gestacional para decis&#227;o terap&#234;utica&#46; A dietoterapia foi indicada para todas as gestantes&#46; Nos casos leves de DMG a escolha era a metformina&#46; Em caso de n&#227;o controle glic&#234;mico com dose m&#225;xima de metformina &#40;2&#44;5 gramas&#41; foi associada insulinoterapia e nos casos com crit&#233;rio de gravidade maior foi iniciada insulinoterapia diretamente&#44; sem a tentativa com metformina&#46; Para ser considerado um caso grave de DMG era necess&#225;rio ter circunfer&#234;ncia abdominal fetal acima do percentil 90 e glicemia materna de jejum &#62; 100 e p&#243;s&#8208;prandial &#40;uma hora&#41; &#62; 140&#46;</p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os dados coletados referentes &#224;s gestantes foram nome completo&#44; data da &#250;ltima menstrua&#231;&#227;o&#44; data prov&#225;vel do parto&#44; idade gestacional e n&#250;mero de partos normais&#44; ces&#225;reas e abortos&#44; peso e altura pr&#233;&#8208;gestacionais&#44; resultado do teste de toler&#226;ncia oral &#224; glicose&#44; tratamento usado e valores glic&#234;micos&#46;</p><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Ap&#243;s o nascimento&#44; foram analisados os prontu&#225;rios dos beb&#234;s dessas m&#227;es diab&#233;ticas&#44; a fim de coletar informa&#231;&#245;es sobre via de parto&#44; idade gestacional do nascimento&#44; peso&#44; altura&#44; escore de Apgar no 1&#176; e 5&#176; minuto&#44; morfologia e admiss&#227;o em UTI neonatal&#46;</p><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os dados coletados foram armazenados no <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">software</span> Microsoft Excel 2013 &#40;Microsoft&#174;&#44; EUA&#41;&#46; Todas as informa&#231;&#245;es obtidas foram analisadas com o <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">software</span> Statistical Package for the Social Science &#40;SPSS&#41; &#40;IBM Corp&#46; Released 2012&#46; IBM SPSS Statistics para Windows&#44; vers&#227;o 21&#46;0&#44; EUA&#41;&#46; Para as vari&#225;veis quantitativas foram calculados m&#233;dias e desvios&#8208;padr&#227;o e para as qualitativas&#44; frequ&#234;ncias absolutas e relativas&#46; Foram constru&#237;dos modelos de regress&#227;o log&#237;stica binominal&#44; de modo a examinar a influ&#234;ncia das diferentes modalidades terap&#234;uticas nos desfechos neonatais e ajustar o efeito das vari&#225;veis de confus&#227;o&#46; Foram estabelecidos intervalos de confian&#231;a &#40;IC&#41; de 95&#37; e consideramos significativos valores p &#60; 0&#44;05&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">Resultados</span><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A amostra do estudo foi composta por 705 gestantes com diagn&#243;stico de diabetes mellitus gestacional &#40;DMG&#41; e seus respectivos beb&#234;s&#46; No fim da an&#225;lise dos prontu&#225;rios as participantes foram agrupadas em quatro grupos terap&#234;uticos&#58; &#40;1&#41; dieta&#44; &#40;2&#41; metformina&#44; &#40;3&#41; insulina e &#40;4&#41; metformina &#43; insulina&#46;</p><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">tabela 1</a> lista as caracter&#237;sticas gerais das gestantes participantes do estudo&#46; De modo sint&#233;tico&#44; as gestantes tinham idade m&#233;dia de 30&#44;6 anos &#40;DP &#177; 6&#44;34&#41; e m&#233;dia de n&#250;mero de gesta&#231;&#245;es de 2&#44;65 &#40;DP &#177; 1&#44;67&#41;&#46; A ces&#225;rea foi a via de parto de 52&#44;1&#37;&#46; Em rela&#231;&#227;o ao tratamento do DMG&#44; a maioria das gestantes teve a dieta como terap&#234;utica de escolha &#40;41&#44;6&#37;&#41;&#44; 35&#44;5&#37; foram tratadas com metformina&#44; 15&#37; com insulina e o restante com a associa&#231;&#227;o de metformina e insulina &#40;7&#44;9&#37;&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A doen&#231;a hipertensiva da gesta&#231;&#227;o esteve presente em 72 pacientes&#46; Houve 26 casos nas m&#227;es tratadas com metformina&#44; 16 no tratamento dieta e 15 tanto no tratamento insulina como na associa&#231;&#227;o metformina mais insulina&#46; As m&#227;es que receberam tratamento com a associa&#231;&#227;o metformina e insulina tiveram uma chance maior para doen&#231;a hipertensiva da gesta&#231;&#227;o &#40;AOR 2&#44;38 &#91;1&#44;07&#8208;5&#44;28&#93;&#41;&#44; quando comparado com o tratamento dieta&#46; Os demais tratamentos do DMG n&#227;o tiveram diferen&#231;a em rela&#231;&#227;o a esse desfecho materno&#46;</p><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Sobre as caracter&#237;sticas dos rec&#233;m&#8208;nascidos &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">tabela 2</a>&#41;&#44; a m&#233;dia da IG no momento do parto foi de 38&#44;6 semanas &#40;DP &#177; 1&#44;38&#41;&#46; Nasceram prematuros 34 beb&#234;s &#40;4&#44;8&#37;&#41;&#59; 40 &#40;5&#44;6&#37;&#41; tiveram o Apgar baixo no primeiro minuto e oito &#40;1&#44;1&#37;&#41; no quinto minuto&#59; 114 &#40;16&#44;1&#37;&#41; neonatos foram grandes para a idade gestacional e 51 &#40;7&#44;2&#37;&#41; nasceram pequenos para a idade gestacional&#59; 36 &#40;5&#44;1&#37;&#41; precisaram de interna&#231;&#227;o em UTI&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os desfechos neonatais foram analisados com base na terap&#234;utica do DMG &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">tabela 3</a>&#41;&#46; Levou&#8208;se em conta que os tratamentos foram comparados com a dieta&#46; A modalidade de tratamento n&#227;o interferiu nos desfechos via de parto&#44; valores de Apgar do primeiro e quinto minuto e necessidade de interna&#231;&#227;o em UTI&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0015"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">As gestantes que receberam tratamento com metformina tiveram uma chance menor de gerar filho pequeno para a idade gestacional &#40;PIG&#41; e tamb&#233;m tiveram uma chance de um pouco mais de duas vezes de gerar um beb&#234; com peso adequado para a idade gestacional &#40;AIG&#41;&#46; As m&#227;es que receberam tratamento com insulina tiveram chance menor de que seus filhos nascessem prematuros&#46; Da mesma forma&#44; as m&#227;es tratadas com a associa&#231;&#227;o de metformina mais insulina tamb&#233;m apresentaram menor chance de gerar beb&#234;s prematuros&#46; Ademais&#44; as mulheres tratadas com essa associa&#231;&#227;o terap&#234;utica tiveram uma chance maior do que tr&#234;s vezes de gerar filho grande para a idade gestacional &#40;GIG&#41;&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0080">Discuss&#227;o</span><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O atual estudo avalia diferentes desfechos neonatais de acordo com a modalidade de tratamento escolhida para o DMG&#46; Em nossa popula&#231;&#227;o&#44; 16&#44;2&#37; dos rec&#233;m&#8208;nascidos foram classificados como GIGs&#46; O tratamento com a associa&#231;&#227;o de metformina com insulina foi respons&#225;vel por uma chance 3&#44;5 vezes maior de nascimento de beb&#234; GIG &#40;AOR 3&#44;56 &#91;1&#44;14&#8208;11&#44;15&#93;&#41;&#46; A taxa de rec&#233;m&#8208;nascidos PIG foi de 7&#44;2&#37;&#44; a chance foi menor no grupo de mulheres tratadas com metformina &#40;AOR 0&#44;25 &#91;0&#44;09&#8208;0&#44;66&#93;&#41;&#46; J&#225; a porcentagem dos AIGs foi de 76&#44;6&#37;&#44; a metformina demonstrou uma chance duas vezes maior de favorecer o nascimento de RN AIG &#40;AOR 2&#44;10 &#91;1&#44;12&#8208;3&#44;94&#93;&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A percentagem de prematuros foi de 7&#44;1&#37;&#46; O tratamento com insulina demonstrou uma menor chance para esse desfecho &#40;AOR 0&#44;13 &#91;0&#44;023&#8208;0&#44;78&#93;&#41;&#44; assim como a associa&#231;&#227;o de metformina com insulina &#40;AOR 0&#44;10 &#91;0&#44;01&#8208;0&#44;71&#93;&#41;&#46; A taxa de interna&#231;&#227;o em UTI foi de 5&#44;1&#37; e as modalidades de tratamentos n&#227;o interferiram na necessidade de cuidados intensivos&#46; O percentual de partos ces&#225;reos foi de 52&#44;1&#37; e as modalidades de tratamento do DMG n&#227;o interferiram na via de parto&#46; N&#227;o houve aumento da chance de Apgar baixo&#44; tanto no primeiro quanto no quinto minuto&#44; conforme a terap&#234;utica usada&#46;</p><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O estudo &#233; v&#225;lido porque&#44; embora a insulina seja considerada o tratamento cl&#225;ssico padr&#227;o para a doen&#231;a&#44; a metformina j&#225; demonstra ter bons resultados no controle do diabetes mellitus gestacional e parece amenizar os poss&#237;veis desfechos neonatais&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6&#44;7</span></a></p><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O m&#233;dico respons&#225;vel pela gestante com DMG precisa estar ciente dos riscos maternos e neonatais relacionados a esse dist&#250;rbio metab&#243;lico&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0200"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a> Uma das complica&#231;&#245;es mais comuns do diabetes gestacional &#233; o nascimento de beb&#234; GIG&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0200"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a> Quando o rec&#233;m&#8208;nascido &#233; classificado dessa forma&#44; al&#233;m de o parto estar associado a maior risco de tocotraumatismos e dist&#243;cia de ombro&#44; repercuss&#245;es imediatas como hipoglicemia e disfun&#231;&#227;o respirat&#243;ria tamb&#233;m podem ocorrer&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0200"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a></p><p id="par0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Em nossa popula&#231;&#227;o&#44; 16&#44;2&#37; dos rec&#233;m&#8208;nascidos foram classificados como grandes para a idade gestacional&#46; Na literatura essa taxa oscilou de 13&#44;4 a 30&#37;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0205"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13&#8211;16</span></a> Nas pacientes que fizeram associa&#231;&#227;o de metformina com insulina houve um risco 3&#44;5 vezes maior de nascimento de um beb&#234; GIG&#46; N&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a para os demais tratamentos&#46; Na literatura houve maiores taxas de GIG com o tratamento insulina quando comparado com o tratamento metformina ou dieta&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a></p><p id="par0125" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Entre as complica&#231;&#245;es perinatais de um rec&#233;m&#8208;nascido GIG&#44; pode&#8208;se citar o maior risco de aspira&#231;&#227;o meconial&#44; fratura de clav&#237;cula&#44; hip&#243;xia perinatal&#44; hipoglicemia&#44; hiperbilirrubinemia&#44; taquipneia transit&#243;ria&#44; les&#227;o do plexo braquial&#44; dist&#243;cia de ombro e at&#233; a morte neonatal&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0225"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a> Tamb&#233;m s&#227;o beb&#234;s de maior risco na escolha da terap&#234;utica&#44; pois o tratamento da gestante j&#225; foi mais incisivo em raz&#227;o das caracter&#237;sticas fetais observadas durante o pr&#233;&#8208;natal&#46;</p><p id="par0130" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Por outro lado&#44; a terap&#234;utica intensiva do DMG pode ter como repercuss&#227;o a redu&#231;&#227;o do peso fetal&#44; o que evita GIGs&#46; Por&#233;m&#44; uma das consequ&#234;ncias &#233; o aumento dos rec&#233;m&#8208;nascidos PIGs&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0230"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a> Tais dist&#250;rbios tamb&#233;m t&#234;m rela&#231;&#227;o com complica&#231;&#245;es neonatais precoces e doen&#231;as na vida adulta&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0230"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18&#44;19</span></a></p><p id="par0135" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Em nossa popula&#231;&#227;o a incid&#234;ncia de rec&#233;m&#8208;nascidos PIG foi de 7&#44;2&#37;&#46; Na literatura oscilou de 3&#37; a 10&#44;5&#37;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19&#44;20</span></a> A chance de nascimento de neonatos PIGs foi menor no grupo de mulheres tratadas com metformina&#46; J&#225; no estudo de Goh et al&#46; n&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a para o desfecho PIG nos diferentes tratamentos&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a></p><p id="par0140" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">T&#227;o desfavor&#225;vel quanto o nascimento de RN GIG &#233; o RN PIG&#44; visto que ambos est&#227;o associados a maior morbimortalidade em curto e longo prazo&#46; Por isso&#44; prevenir rec&#233;m&#8208;nascidos PIG &#233; uma meta t&#227;o importante quanto a preven&#231;&#227;o dos GIG&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0240"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20</span></a> Assim&#44; em um grupo seleto de gestantes&#44; quando houver evid&#234;ncias indiretas de hiperinsuliniza&#231;&#227;o fetal &#224; ultrassonografia &#40;USG&#41; poderia ser diminu&#237;da a dose do medicamento&#46;</p><p id="par0145" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Para isso&#44; talvez tenha que se valorizar mais o peso do beb&#234; estimado pelo US na op&#231;&#227;o terap&#234;utica das pacientes tratadas com metformina&#44; visto que houve um risco maior de RNs PIG&#46; Assim&#44; um enfoque baseado nos par&#226;metros ultrassonogr&#225;ficos pode proporcionar a cria&#231;&#227;o de um modelo terap&#234;utico mais tolerante naquelas pacientes em que o peso do RN esteja diminu&#237;do &#224; USG e a dose poder&#225; ser diminu&#237;da&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0240"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20</span></a></p><p id="par0150" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A qualidade de tratamento oferecido &#224; gestante diab&#233;tica reflete diretamente na classifica&#231;&#227;o de peso do rec&#233;m&#8208;nascido&#46; Sendo os RNs AIGs o objetivo da terap&#234;utica&#44; o sucesso do tratamento pode tamb&#233;m ser avaliado por meio desses&#46; No atual estudo&#44; a incid&#234;ncia dos AIGs foi de 76&#44;6&#37;&#46; A literatura relata que os AIGs oscilam em torno de 86&#44;6&#37;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0240"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20</span></a> A metformina mostrou&#8208;se muito satisfat&#243;ria nesse quesito&#44; pois demonstrou uma chance duas vezes maior de favorecer o nascimento de RN AIG&#46;</p><p id="par0155" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Parto prematuro espont&#226;neo e clinicamente indicado ocorre mais frequentemente em gestantes diab&#233;ticas do que em n&#227;o diab&#233;ticas&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> Rec&#233;m&#8208;nascido prematuro tem maior taxa de mortalidade infantil e morbidade em compara&#231;&#227;o com crian&#231;as nascidas a termo&#46; As complica&#231;&#245;es da prematuridade em curto prazo est&#227;o relacionadas com o aparelho cardiovascular e respirat&#243;rio&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0245"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21</span></a> Como complica&#231;&#227;o de longo prazo podem ocorrer desordens no desenvolvimento neurol&#243;gico&#44; como paralisia cerebral&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0250"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a> A crian&#231;a que nasce prematura tem chances maiores de desenvolver hipertens&#227;o&#44; obesidade e doen&#231;as cardiovasculares na vida adulta&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0255"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23</span></a></p><p id="par0160" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A percentagem de rec&#233;m&#8208;nascidos prematuros no presente estudo foi de 7&#44;1&#37;&#46; Em outros estudos a taxa de beb&#234;s pr&#233; termos variou de 4&#37; a 16&#37;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5&#44;6</span></a> O atual estudo mostra que beb&#234;s pr&#233;&#8208;termos s&#227;o mais comuns nos filhos de m&#227;es tratadas com insulina ou associa&#231;&#227;o de metformina com insulina&#44; quando comparada com a terap&#234;utica dieta&#46; Esses dados corroboram os resultados de um estudo semelhante&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> Al&#233;m disso&#44; a compara&#231;&#227;o do desfecho prematuridade entre tratamento dieta e metformina n&#227;o demonstrou diferen&#231;a significativa&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> assim como o presente estudo&#46;</p><p id="par0165" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Devido &#224;s diversas complica&#231;&#245;es que o filho de m&#227;e com diabetes gestacional est&#225; sujeito&#44; em certas ocasi&#245;es se faz necess&#225;rio um cuidado mais intensivo&#46; Os motivos de interna&#231;&#227;o em UTI neonatal podem ser por anomalias cong&#234;nitas &#8211; como malforma&#231;&#245;es cardiovasculares &#8211; prematuridade&#44; asfixia perinatal&#44; ang&#250;stia respirat&#243;ria&#44; complica&#231;&#245;es metab&#243;licas &#40;hipoglicemia&#44; hipocalcemia&#44; policitemia&#44; hiperbilirrubinemia&#41;&#44; entre outros&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> Em nosso estudo a taxa de interna&#231;&#227;o em UTI foi de 5&#44;1&#37;&#46; Esse valor corrobora outros valores encontrados na literatura &#40;2&#37; a 6&#37;&#41;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0145"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#44;20</span></a> mas tamb&#233;m discorda de outros&#44; nos quais a necessidade de interna&#231;&#227;o em UTI variou de 15&#37;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> a 23&#44;5&#37;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a></p><p id="par0170" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">No presente estudo a modalidade de tratamento n&#227;o interferiu na necessidade de cuidados intensivos especiais&#44; enquanto que outros autores encontraram como resultado que os beb&#234;s de mulheres tratadas com insulina tiveram maiores taxas de admiss&#245;es neonatais em UTI quando comparados com os de gestantes que fizeram tratamento com metformina ou dieta&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a></p><p id="par0175" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Uma vez que a gestante diab&#233;tica tem maior risco de gerar um filho GIG&#44; a indica&#231;&#227;o de partos ces&#225;reos pode aumentar&#46; O objetivo dessa via de parto &#233; impedir o trauma durante o nascimento de beb&#234;s com peso estimado maior ou igual a 4&#46;500 gramas&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0225"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a></p><p id="par0180" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O percentual de partos ces&#225;reos no estudo foi de 52&#44;1&#37;&#46; Esse dado &#233; semelhante &#224; porcentagem de ces&#225;reas nos estudos brasileiros&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0260"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">24&#44;25</span></a> mas no cen&#225;rio internacional as taxas s&#227;o menores&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6&#44;26</span></a> Essa diferen&#231;a talvez seja devido &#224; dissemina&#231;&#227;o da pr&#225;tica de cesariana no Brasil&#44; diferentemente de outros pa&#237;ses&#46; As modalidades de tratamento do DMG n&#227;o interferiram na via de parto&#46; Em contrapartida&#44; outro estudo demonstrou que a ces&#225;rea foi mais prevalente nas mulheres tratadas com insulina&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a></p><p id="par0185" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O boletim de Apgar &#233; usado como metodologia de avalia&#231;&#227;o da qualidade do nascimento do RN entre o primeiro e o quinto minuto de vida&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0275"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">27</span></a> Serve para avaliar o ajuste imediato do RN &#224; vida extrauterina e analisar as condi&#231;&#245;es de vitalidade&#46; Consiste na avalia&#231;&#227;o de cinco itens do exame f&#237;sico do rec&#233;m&#8208;nascido&#58; frequ&#234;ncia card&#237;aca&#44; esfor&#231;o respirat&#243;rio&#44; t&#244;nus muscular&#44; irritabilidade reflexa e cor da pele&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0275"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">27</span></a></p><p id="par0190" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O boletim Apgar do primeiro minuto &#233; considerado um diagn&#243;stico da situa&#231;&#227;o presente&#44; &#237;ndice que pode traduzir sinal de asfixia e da necessidade de ventila&#231;&#227;o mec&#226;nica&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0275"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">27</span></a> J&#225; o Apgar do quinto minuto &#233; considerado mais acurado&#44; leva ao progn&#243;stico da sa&#250;de neurol&#243;gica e a desfechos como sequela neurol&#243;gica ou morte&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0275"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">27</span></a></p><p id="par0195" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Em nossa popula&#231;&#227;o&#44; da mesma forma que em outros estudos&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5&#44;26</span></a> n&#227;o houve aumento de risco de Apgar baixo&#44; tanto no primeiro quanto no quinto minuto&#44; conforme a terap&#234;utica usada&#46; Isso pode demonstrar o sucesso no atendimento oferecido aos RNs das gestantes diab&#233;ticas&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0280"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">28</span></a></p><p id="par0200" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os desfechos via de parto cesariana e &#237;ndices de Apgar no primeiro e quinto minutos e necessidade de interna&#231;&#227;o em UTI n&#227;o foram diferentes entre os tratamentos usados&#46;</p><p id="par0205" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Devido &#224; metodologia usada no estudo&#44; h&#225; certa limita&#231;&#227;o na compara&#231;&#227;o dos resultados&#44; uma vez que poucos estudos usaram o mesmo m&#233;todo&#46; Outro ponto a ser destacado &#233; a heterogeneidade das participantes de cada grupo de modalidade terap&#234;utica&#44; isso porque cada tratamento visa a um perfil de gestante distinto&#46;</p><p id="par0210" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O estudo conclui que o pediatra presente na sala de parto pode esperar diferentes desfechos para o filho de m&#227;e diab&#233;tica com base no tratamento que ela recebeu durante a gesta&#231;&#227;o&#46; Mulheres tratadas com metformina t&#234;m menores chances de ter filhos PIGs e&#44; ainda&#44; uma chance maior de ter um filho AIG&#46; A gestante que foi tratada com insulina tem menor chance de ter um filho prematuro&#46; J&#225; se o tratamento do DMG foi feito com a associa&#231;&#227;o de insulina com metformina&#44; &#233; esperado que o filho dessa gestante tenha maior chance de nascer GIG e menor chance de nascer prematuro&#46;</p><p id="par0215" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Para os demais desfechos avaliados &#40;via de parto&#44; boletim de Apgar e necessidade de interna&#231;&#227;o em UTI&#41; n&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a entre as modalidades de tratamento&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0085">Conflitos de interesse</span><p id="par0220" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os autores declaram n&#227;o haver conflitos de interesse&#46;</p></span></span>"
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        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Objectives</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To compare different neonatal outcomes according to the different types of treatments used in the management of gestational diabetes mellitus&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Methods</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">This was a retrospective cohort study&#46; The study population comprised pregnant women with gestational diabetes treated at a public maternity hospital from July 2010 to August 2014&#46; The study included women aged at least 18 years&#44; with a singleton pregnancy&#44; who met the criteria for gestational diabetes mellitus&#46; Blood glucose levels&#44; fetal abdominal circumference&#44; body mass index and gestational age were considered for treatment decision&#8208;making&#46; The evaluated neonatal outcomes were&#58; type of delivery&#44; prematurity&#44; weight in relation to gestational age&#44; Apgar at 1 and 5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min&#44; and need for intensive care unit admission&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Results</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The sample consisted of 705 pregnant women&#46; The neonatal outcomes were analyzed based on the treatment received&#46; Women treated with metformin were less likely to have children who were small for gestational age &#40;95&#37; CI&#58; 0&#46;09&#8211;0&#46;66&#41; and more likely to have a newborn adequate for gestational age &#40;95&#37; CI&#58; 1&#46;12&#8211;3&#46;94&#41;&#46; Those women treated with insulin had a lower chance of having a preterm child &#40;95&#37; CI&#58; 0&#46;02&#8211;0&#46;78&#41;&#46; The combined treatment with insulin and metformin resulted in higher chance for a neonate to be born large for gestational age &#40;95&#37; CI&#58; 1&#46;14&#8211;11&#46;15&#41; and lower chance to be born preterm &#40;95&#37; CI&#58; 0&#46;01&#8211;0&#46;71&#41;&#46; The type of treatment did not affect the mode of delivery&#44; Apgar score&#44; and intensive care unit admission&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Conclusions</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The pediatrician in the delivery room can expect different outcomes for diabetic mothers based on the treatment received&#46;</p></span>"
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        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Objetivos</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Comparar diferentes desfechos neonatais de acordo com as diferentes modalidades de tratamento do diabetes mellitus gestacional&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">M&#233;todos</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Trata&#8208;se de uma coorte retrospectiva&#46; A popula&#231;&#227;o do estudo foi composta por gestantes com diabetes gestacional atendidas em uma maternidade p&#250;blica de julho de 2010 a agosto de 2014&#46; Foram inclu&#237;das mulheres com idade m&#237;nima de 18 anos&#44; gesta&#231;&#227;o &#250;nica e com crit&#233;rios para diabetes mellitus gestacional&#46; Para decis&#227;o terap&#234;utica foram considerados glicemias&#44; circunfer&#234;ncia abdominal fetal&#44; &#237;ndice de massa corporal e idade gestacional&#46; Os desfechos neonatais avaliados foram&#58; via de parto&#44; prematuridade&#44; rela&#231;&#227;o do peso com idade gestacional&#44; Apgar no 1&#176; e 5&#176; minuto e necessidade de interna&#231;&#227;o em unidade de terapia intensiva&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Resultados</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A amostra foi composta por 705 gestantes&#46; Os desfechos neonatais foram analisados com base na terap&#234;utica recebida&#46; Mulheres tratadas com metformina tiveram menor chance de ter filhos pequenos para a idade gestacional &#40;IC 95&#37;&#58; 0&#44;09&#8208;0&#44;66&#41; e maior chance de ter um filho adequado para a idade gestacional &#40;IC 95&#37;&#58; 1&#44;12&#8208;3&#44;94&#41;&#46; A gestante tratada com insulina teve menor chance de ter um filho prematuro &#40;IC 95&#37;&#58; 0&#44;02&#8208;0&#44;78&#41;&#46; O tratamento feito com a associa&#231;&#227;o de insulina e metformina resultou em maior chance de um rec&#233;m&#8208;nascido grande para a idade gestacional &#40;IC 95&#37;&#58; 1&#44;14&#8208;11&#44;15&#41; e menor chance de prematuridade &#40;IC 95&#37;&#58; 0&#44;01&#8208;0&#44;71&#41;&#46; A modalidade de tratamento n&#227;o interferiu na via de parto&#44; Apgar e interna&#231;&#227;o em terapia intensiva&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Conclus&#245;es</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">O pediatra na sala de parto pode esperar diferentes desfechos para o filho de m&#227;e diab&#233;tica&#44; com base no tratamento recebido&#46;</p></span>"
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          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0060" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">AIG&#44; adequado para a idade gestacional&#59; GIG&#44; grande para a idade gestacional&#59; PIG&#44; pequeno para a idade gestacional&#59; UTI&#44; unidade de terapia intensiva&#46;</p>"
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                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Vari&#225;vel&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">N&#250;mero absoluto&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Via de parto</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Normal&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">338&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">47&#44;9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Ces&#225;rea&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">367&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">52&#44;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Idade gestacional</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Pr&#233;&#8208;termo&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">50&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">7&#44;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>A termo&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">654&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">92&#44;7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>P&#243;s&#8208;termo&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Peso</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Macrossomia &#40;&#8805; 4&#46;000g&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">13&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#44;9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Peso normal &#40;2&#46;500&#8208;3&#46;999g&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">96&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Baixo peso &#40;&#60; 2&#46;500g&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">15&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">2&#44;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Peso x idade gestacional</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>PIG &#40;&#60; percentil 10&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">51&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">7&#44;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>AIG &#40;entre P10 e P90&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">540&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">76&#44;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>GIG &#40;&#62; P90&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">114&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">16&#44;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Apgar 1&#8217;</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Baixo &#40;&#60; 7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">40&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#44;7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Apgar 5&#8217;</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Baixo &#40;&#60; 7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#44;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Interna&#231;&#227;o em UTI</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">36&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#44;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
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          "pt" => "<p id="spar0055" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Caracter&#237;sticas gerais dos rec&#233;m&#8208;nascidos &#40;n &#61; 705&#41;</p>"
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        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
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          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0070" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">AIG&#44; adequado para a idade gestacional&#59; GIG&#44; grande para a idade gestacional&#59; IC&#44; intervalo de confian&#231;a&#59; OR&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">odds ratio</span>&#59; PIG&#44; pequeno para a idade gestacional&#59; UTI&#44; unidade de terapia intensiva&#46;</p>"
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                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Desfecho&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">p&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">OR ajustado<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a><br>&#40;IC 95&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " rowspan="4" align="left" valign="top">Ces&#225;ria</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Dieta&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Metformina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;665 &#40;0&#44;370&#8208;1&#44;194&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;172&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">2&#44;066 &#40;1&#44;306 &#8211; 3&#44;268&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;002&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#44;426 &#40;0&#44;629&#8208;3&#44;231&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;395&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Metformina &#43; Insulina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#44;784 &#40;0&#44;996 &#8211; 3&#44;197&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;052&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;833&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">28 &#40;56&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Metformina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">17 &#40;34&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;694 &#40;0&#44;370 &#8211; 1&#44;299&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;253&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;429 &#40;0&#44;173&#8208;1&#44;064&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;068&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;276 &#40;0&#44;082 &#8211; 0&#44;926&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;037&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;133 &#40;0&#44;023&#8208;0&#44;789&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;026&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Metformina &#43; Insulina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">2 &#40;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;351 &#40;0&#44;081 &#8211; 1&#44;516&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;161&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;105 &#40;0&#44;015&#8208;0&#44;713&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;021&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " rowspan="4" align="left" valign="top">PIG</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Dieta&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">34 &#40;66&#44;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Metformina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">13 &#40;25&#44;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;420 &#40;0&#44;216 &#8211; 0&#44;814&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;010&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;253 &#40;0&#44;096&#8208;0&#44;666&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;005&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Insulina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">3 &#40;5&#44;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;222 &#40;0&#44;067 &#8211; 0&#44;738&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;014&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;179 &#40;0&#44;027&#8208;1&#44;197&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;076&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Metformina &#43; Insulina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1 &#40;1&#44;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;139 &#40;0&#44;019 &#8211; 1&#44;033&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;054&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;191 &#40;0&#44;017&#8208;2&#44;163&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;181&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " rowspan="4" align="left" valign="top">AIG</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Dieta&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">230 &#40;42&#44;59&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Metformina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">204 &#40;37&#44;77&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#44;267 &#40;0&#44;828 &#8211; 1&#44;939&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;276&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">2&#44;103 &#40;1&#44;121&#8208;3&#44;945&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;021&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Insulina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">73 &#40;13&#44;51&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;618 &#40;0&#44;377 &#8211; 1&#44;015&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;057&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#44;306 &#40;0&#44;579&#8208;2&#44;947&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;520&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Metformina &#43; insulina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">33 &#40;6&#44;11&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;401 &#40;0&#44;220 &#8211; 0&#44;731&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;003&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;612 &#40;0&#44;230&#8208;1&#44;634&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;327&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " rowspan="4" align="left" valign="top">GIG</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Dieta&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">30 &#40;26&#44;31&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Metformina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">32 &#40;28&#44;07&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#44;293 &#40;0&#44;761 &#8211; 2&#44;195&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;342&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;891 &#40;0&#44;375&#8208;2&#44;115&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;793&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Insulina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">30 &#40;26&#44;31&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">3&#44;461 &#40;1&#44;963 &#8211; 6&#44;100&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#44;591 &#40;0&#44;590&#8208;4&#44;290&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;358&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Metformina &#43; insulina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">22 &#40;19&#44;29&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#44;673 &#40;2&#44;944 &#8211; 10&#44;931&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">3&#44;567 &#40;1&#44;141&#8208;11&#44;150&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;029&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " rowspan="4" align="left" valign="top">Apgar 1&#8217; &#60; 7</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Dieta&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">15 &#40;37&#44;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Metformina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">17 &#40;42&#44;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#44;38 &#40;0&#44;664 &#8211; 2&#44;778&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;402&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#44;742 &#40;0&#44;516&#8208;5&#44;878&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;371&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Insulina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6 &#40;15&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#44;112 &#40;0&#44;40 &#8211; 2&#44;945&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;831&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;564 &#40;0&#44;098&#8208;3&#44;245&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;521&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Metformina &#43; Insulina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">2 &#40;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;686 &#40;0&#44;153 &#8211; 3&#44;088&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;624&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;711 &#40;0&#44;091&#8208;5&#44;543&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;745&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " rowspan="4" align="left" valign="top">Apgar 5&#8217; &#60; 7</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Dieta&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5 &#40;62&#44;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Metformina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1 &#40;12&#44;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;291 &#40;0&#44;032 &#8211; 2&#44;624&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;271&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;537 &#40;0&#44;025&#8208;11&#44;527&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;691&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Insulina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;989&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;998&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Metformina &#43; insulina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">2 &#40;25&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">2&#44;676 &#40;0&#44;478 &#8211; 14&#44;975&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;263&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">2&#44;111 &#40;0&#44;061&#8208;73&#44;137&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;680&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " rowspan="4" align="left" valign="top">UTI</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Dieta&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">15 &#40;41&#44;66&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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Neonatal outcomes according to different therapies for gestational diabetes mellitus
Desfechos neonatais de acordo com diferentes terapêuticas do diabetes mellitus gestacional
Amanda L. da Silvaa,
Autor para correspondência
Mandinha4265@hotmail.com

Autor para correspondência.
, Augusto R. do Amarala, Daniela S. de Oliveiraa, Lisiane Martinsa, Mariana R. e Silvaa, Jean Carl Silvab
a Universidade da Região de Joinville (UNIVILLE), Joinville, SC, Brasil
b Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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s&#227;o afetados pelo DMG&#44; uma vez que ambos t&#234;m risco de desenvolver desfechos indesej&#225;veis&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0160"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> O DMG afeta o rec&#233;m&#8208;nascido &#40;RN&#41; na medida em que aumenta as chances de macrossomia&#44; sofrimento fetal&#44; desordens metab&#243;licas&#44; hiperbilirrubinemia&#44; desequil&#237;brio do crescimento e outras complica&#231;&#245;es&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> Como forma de minimizar as consequ&#234;ncias&#44; &#233; necess&#225;rio que a doen&#231;a seja diagnosticada e tratada precocemente&#44; pois os desfechos tamb&#233;m est&#227;o relacionados ao in&#237;cio e &#224; dura&#231;&#227;o da intoler&#226;ncia &#224; glicose&#44; bem como &#224; severidade do diabetes materno&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a></p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Por muito tempo&#44; a insulina foi usada como tratamento padr&#227;o para o DMG&#46; Entretanto&#44; pesquisadores t&#234;m demonstrado a seguran&#231;a de hipoglicemiantes orais como a metformina&#44; usada no tratamento inicial quando somente a dieta n&#227;o &#233; suficiente para atingir n&#237;veis glic&#234;micos desejados&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6&#44;7</span></a></p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Estudos que compararam o uso de metformina e insulina no manejo do DMG demonstraram benef&#237;cios com o uso do hipoglicemiante oral&#44; como menor n&#250;mero de nascimento de beb&#234;s prematuros e partos ces&#225;reos&#44; redu&#231;&#227;o do ganho de peso materno e desfechos neonatais desfavor&#225;veis<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6&#44;8</span></a> como macrossomia&#44; hipoglicemia&#44; icter&#237;cia e admiss&#227;o em servi&#231;os de cuidados neonatais especiais&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0185"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a></p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Dessa forma&#44; o objetivo do estudo foi comparar diferentes desfechos neonatais de acordo com as diferentes modalidades de tratamentos empregados no manejo do DMG&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0070">Metodologia</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Trata&#8208;se de uma coorte retrospectiva&#44; com base em an&#225;lise de prontu&#225;rio&#44; feita de julho de 2010 a agosto de 2014&#46; A amostra do estudo foi de conveni&#234;ncia e a popula&#231;&#227;o caracteriza&#8208;se por gestantes portadoras de DMG atendidas no ambulat&#243;rio de gesta&#231;&#227;o de alto risco de uma maternidade p&#250;blica&#46; O projeto foi aprovado pelo Comit&#234; de &#201;tica em Pesquisa do Hospital Regional Hans Dieter Schmidt&#44; Joinville &#40;SC&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Foram inclu&#237;das todas as mulheres com idade igual ou superior a 18 anos&#44; com gesta&#231;&#227;o &#250;nica e que preencheram os crit&#233;rios para DMG&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0190"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> O diagn&#243;stico de DMG foi feito com base no teste de toler&#226;ncia oral &#224; glicose&#46; A presen&#231;a de pelo menos um dos tr&#234;s crit&#233;rios a seguir confirmava o diagn&#243;stico&#58; glicemia de jejum &#8805; 92<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;dL&#44; glicemia na 1<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> hora &#8805; 180<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;dL e glicemia na 2<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> hora &#8805; 153<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;dL&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0195"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11</span></a> Al&#233;m disso&#44; foram inclu&#237;das mulheres com beb&#234;s sem malforma&#231;&#245;es&#44; que mantiveram acompanhamento no ambulat&#243;rio e que tiveram o parto feito na maternidade&#46;</p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Foram exclu&#237;das as pacientes que tiveram &#243;bito intrauterino &#40;n &#61; 3&#41;&#46; Dessas&#44; duas faziam parte do grupo tratado com a associa&#231;&#227;o metformina e insulina e uma havia sido tratada com dieta&#46;</p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A primeira consulta de acompanhamento das diab&#233;ticas costuma envolver ultrassom obst&#233;trico e a rotina de triagem para diabetes gestacional&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; as gestantes participaram de uma palestra de recep&#231;&#227;o&#44; com nutricionista e fisioterapeuta&#44; a fim de receber informa&#231;&#245;es para mudan&#231;a de estilo de vida &#40;dieta e exerc&#237;cio f&#237;sico&#41;&#46; Ent&#227;o&#44; a glicemia capilar &#233; monitorada duas vezes no dia da consulta &#40;jejum e uma hora ap&#243;s&#8208;caf&#233;&#41; e uma vez ao m&#234;s em quatro hor&#225;rios &#40;em jejum e uma hora ap&#243;s o in&#237;cio de cada refei&#231;&#227;o&#41;&#46; As consultas t&#234;m intervalo entre 15 e 21 dias&#46;</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Foram considerados as glicemias &#40;jejum e p&#243;s&#8208;prandial&#41;&#44; 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ces&#225;reas e abortos&#44; peso e altura pr&#233;&#8208;gestacionais&#44; resultado do teste de toler&#226;ncia oral &#224; glicose&#44; tratamento usado e valores glic&#234;micos&#46;</p><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Ap&#243;s o nascimento&#44; foram analisados os prontu&#225;rios dos beb&#234;s dessas m&#227;es diab&#233;ticas&#44; a fim de coletar informa&#231;&#245;es sobre via de parto&#44; idade gestacional do nascimento&#44; peso&#44; altura&#44; escore de Apgar no 1&#176; e 5&#176; minuto&#44; morfologia e admiss&#227;o em UTI neonatal&#46;</p><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os dados coletados foram armazenados no <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">software</span> Microsoft Excel 2013 &#40;Microsoft&#174;&#44; EUA&#41;&#46; Todas as informa&#231;&#245;es obtidas foram analisadas com o <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">software</span> Statistical Package for the Social Science &#40;SPSS&#41; &#40;IBM Corp&#46; Released 2012&#46; IBM SPSS Statistics para Windows&#44; vers&#227;o 21&#46;0&#44; EUA&#41;&#46; Para as vari&#225;veis quantitativas foram calculados m&#233;dias e desvios&#8208;padr&#227;o e para as qualitativas&#44; frequ&#234;ncias absolutas e relativas&#46; Foram constru&#237;dos modelos de regress&#227;o log&#237;stica binominal&#44; de modo a examinar a influ&#234;ncia das diferentes modalidades terap&#234;uticas nos desfechos neonatais e ajustar o efeito das vari&#225;veis de confus&#227;o&#46; Foram estabelecidos intervalos de confian&#231;a &#40;IC&#41; de 95&#37; e consideramos significativos valores p &#60; 0&#44;05&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">Resultados</span><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A amostra do estudo foi composta por 705 gestantes com diagn&#243;stico de diabetes mellitus gestacional &#40;DMG&#41; e seus respectivos beb&#234;s&#46; No fim da an&#225;lise dos prontu&#225;rios as participantes foram agrupadas em quatro grupos terap&#234;uticos&#58; &#40;1&#41; dieta&#44; &#40;2&#41; metformina&#44; &#40;3&#41; insulina e &#40;4&#41; metformina &#43; insulina&#46;</p><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">tabela 1</a> lista as caracter&#237;sticas gerais das gestantes participantes do estudo&#46; De modo sint&#233;tico&#44; as gestantes tinham idade m&#233;dia de 30&#44;6 anos &#40;DP &#177; 6&#44;34&#41; e m&#233;dia de n&#250;mero de gesta&#231;&#245;es de 2&#44;65 &#40;DP &#177; 1&#44;67&#41;&#46; A ces&#225;rea foi a via de parto de 52&#44;1&#37;&#46; Em rela&#231;&#227;o ao tratamento do DMG&#44; a maioria das gestantes teve a dieta como terap&#234;utica de escolha &#40;41&#44;6&#37;&#41;&#44; 35&#44;5&#37; foram tratadas com metformina&#44; 15&#37; com insulina e o restante com a associa&#231;&#227;o de metformina e insulina &#40;7&#44;9&#37;&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A doen&#231;a hipertensiva da gesta&#231;&#227;o esteve presente em 72 pacientes&#46; Houve 26 casos nas m&#227;es tratadas com metformina&#44; 16 no tratamento dieta e 15 tanto no tratamento insulina como na associa&#231;&#227;o metformina mais insulina&#46; As m&#227;es que receberam tratamento com a associa&#231;&#227;o metformina e insulina tiveram uma chance maior para doen&#231;a hipertensiva da gesta&#231;&#227;o &#40;AOR 2&#44;38 &#91;1&#44;07&#8208;5&#44;28&#93;&#41;&#44; quando comparado com o tratamento dieta&#46; Os demais tratamentos do DMG n&#227;o tiveram diferen&#231;a em rela&#231;&#227;o a esse desfecho materno&#46;</p><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Sobre as caracter&#237;sticas dos rec&#233;m&#8208;nascidos &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">tabela 2</a>&#41;&#44; a m&#233;dia da IG no momento do parto foi de 38&#44;6 semanas &#40;DP &#177; 1&#44;38&#41;&#46; Nasceram prematuros 34 beb&#234;s &#40;4&#44;8&#37;&#41;&#59; 40 &#40;5&#44;6&#37;&#41; tiveram o Apgar baixo no primeiro minuto e oito &#40;1&#44;1&#37;&#41; no quinto minuto&#59; 114 &#40;16&#44;1&#37;&#41; neonatos foram grandes para a idade gestacional e 51 &#40;7&#44;2&#37;&#41; nasceram pequenos para a idade gestacional&#59; 36 &#40;5&#44;1&#37;&#41; precisaram de interna&#231;&#227;o em UTI&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os desfechos neonatais foram analisados com base na terap&#234;utica do DMG &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">tabela 3</a>&#41;&#46; Levou&#8208;se em conta que os tratamentos foram comparados com a dieta&#46; A modalidade de tratamento n&#227;o interferiu nos desfechos via de parto&#44; valores de Apgar do primeiro e quinto minuto e necessidade de interna&#231;&#227;o em UTI&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0015"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">As gestantes que receberam tratamento com metformina tiveram uma chance menor de gerar filho pequeno para a idade gestacional &#40;PIG&#41; e tamb&#233;m tiveram uma chance de um pouco mais de duas vezes de gerar um beb&#234; com peso adequado para a idade gestacional &#40;AIG&#41;&#46; As m&#227;es que receberam tratamento com insulina tiveram chance menor de que seus filhos nascessem prematuros&#46; Da mesma forma&#44; as m&#227;es tratadas com a associa&#231;&#227;o de metformina mais insulina tamb&#233;m apresentaram menor chance de gerar beb&#234;s prematuros&#46; Ademais&#44; as mulheres tratadas com essa associa&#231;&#227;o terap&#234;utica tiveram uma chance maior do que tr&#234;s vezes de gerar filho grande para a idade gestacional &#40;GIG&#41;&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0080">Discuss&#227;o</span><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O atual estudo avalia diferentes desfechos neonatais de acordo com a modalidade de tratamento escolhida para o DMG&#46; Em nossa popula&#231;&#227;o&#44; 16&#44;2&#37; dos rec&#233;m&#8208;nascidos foram classificados como GIGs&#46; O tratamento com a associa&#231;&#227;o de metformina com insulina foi respons&#225;vel por uma chance 3&#44;5 vezes maior de nascimento de beb&#234; GIG &#40;AOR 3&#44;56 &#91;1&#44;14&#8208;11&#44;15&#93;&#41;&#46; A taxa de rec&#233;m&#8208;nascidos PIG foi de 7&#44;2&#37;&#44; a chance foi menor no grupo de mulheres tratadas com metformina &#40;AOR 0&#44;25 &#91;0&#44;09&#8208;0&#44;66&#93;&#41;&#46; J&#225; a porcentagem dos AIGs foi de 76&#44;6&#37;&#44; a metformina demonstrou uma chance duas vezes maior de favorecer o nascimento de RN AIG &#40;AOR 2&#44;10 &#91;1&#44;12&#8208;3&#44;94&#93;&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A percentagem de prematuros foi de 7&#44;1&#37;&#46; O tratamento com insulina demonstrou uma menor chance para esse desfecho &#40;AOR 0&#44;13 &#91;0&#44;023&#8208;0&#44;78&#93;&#41;&#44; assim como a associa&#231;&#227;o de metformina com insulina &#40;AOR 0&#44;10 &#91;0&#44;01&#8208;0&#44;71&#93;&#41;&#46; A taxa de interna&#231;&#227;o em UTI foi de 5&#44;1&#37; e as modalidades de tratamentos n&#227;o interferiram na necessidade de cuidados intensivos&#46; O percentual de partos ces&#225;reos foi de 52&#44;1&#37; e as modalidades de tratamento do DMG n&#227;o interferiram na via de parto&#46; N&#227;o houve aumento da chance de Apgar baixo&#44; tanto no primeiro quanto no quinto minuto&#44; conforme a terap&#234;utica usada&#46;</p><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O estudo &#233; v&#225;lido porque&#44; embora a insulina seja considerada o tratamento cl&#225;ssico padr&#227;o para a doen&#231;a&#44; a metformina j&#225; demonstra ter bons resultados no controle do diabetes mellitus gestacional e parece amenizar os poss&#237;veis desfechos neonatais&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6&#44;7</span></a></p><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O m&#233;dico respons&#225;vel pela gestante com DMG precisa estar ciente dos riscos maternos e neonatais relacionados a esse dist&#250;rbio metab&#243;lico&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0200"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a> Uma das complica&#231;&#245;es mais comuns do diabetes gestacional &#233; o nascimento de beb&#234; GIG&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0200"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a> Quando o rec&#233;m&#8208;nascido &#233; classificado dessa forma&#44; al&#233;m de o parto estar associado a maior risco de tocotraumatismos e dist&#243;cia de ombro&#44; repercuss&#245;es imediatas como hipoglicemia e disfun&#231;&#227;o respirat&#243;ria tamb&#233;m podem ocorrer&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0200"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a></p><p id="par0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Em nossa popula&#231;&#227;o&#44; 16&#44;2&#37; dos rec&#233;m&#8208;nascidos foram classificados como grandes para a idade gestacional&#46; Na literatura essa taxa oscilou de 13&#44;4 a 30&#37;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0205"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13&#8211;16</span></a> Nas pacientes que fizeram associa&#231;&#227;o de metformina com insulina houve um risco 3&#44;5 vezes maior de nascimento de um beb&#234; GIG&#46; N&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a para os demais tratamentos&#46; Na literatura houve maiores taxas de GIG com o tratamento insulina quando comparado com o tratamento metformina ou dieta&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a></p><p id="par0125" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Entre as complica&#231;&#245;es perinatais de um rec&#233;m&#8208;nascido GIG&#44; pode&#8208;se citar o maior risco de aspira&#231;&#227;o meconial&#44; fratura de clav&#237;cula&#44; hip&#243;xia perinatal&#44; hipoglicemia&#44; hiperbilirrubinemia&#44; taquipneia transit&#243;ria&#44; les&#227;o do plexo braquial&#44; dist&#243;cia de ombro e at&#233; a morte neonatal&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0225"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a> Tamb&#233;m s&#227;o beb&#234;s de maior risco na escolha da terap&#234;utica&#44; pois o tratamento da gestante j&#225; foi mais incisivo em raz&#227;o das caracter&#237;sticas fetais observadas durante o pr&#233;&#8208;natal&#46;</p><p id="par0130" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Por outro lado&#44; a terap&#234;utica intensiva do DMG pode ter como repercuss&#227;o a redu&#231;&#227;o do peso fetal&#44; o que evita GIGs&#46; Por&#233;m&#44; uma das consequ&#234;ncias &#233; o aumento dos rec&#233;m&#8208;nascidos PIGs&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0230"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a> Tais dist&#250;rbios tamb&#233;m t&#234;m rela&#231;&#227;o com complica&#231;&#245;es neonatais precoces e doen&#231;as na vida adulta&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0230"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18&#44;19</span></a></p><p id="par0135" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Em nossa popula&#231;&#227;o a incid&#234;ncia de rec&#233;m&#8208;nascidos PIG foi de 7&#44;2&#37;&#46; Na literatura oscilou de 3&#37; a 10&#44;5&#37;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19&#44;20</span></a> A chance de nascimento de neonatos PIGs foi menor no grupo de mulheres tratadas com metformina&#46; J&#225; no estudo de Goh et al&#46; n&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a para o desfecho PIG nos diferentes tratamentos&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a></p><p id="par0140" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">T&#227;o desfavor&#225;vel quanto o nascimento de RN GIG &#233; o RN PIG&#44; visto que ambos est&#227;o associados a maior morbimortalidade em curto e longo prazo&#46; Por isso&#44; prevenir rec&#233;m&#8208;nascidos PIG &#233; uma meta t&#227;o importante quanto a preven&#231;&#227;o dos GIG&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0240"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20</span></a> Assim&#44; em um grupo seleto de gestantes&#44; quando houver evid&#234;ncias indiretas de hiperinsuliniza&#231;&#227;o fetal &#224; ultrassonografia &#40;USG&#41; poderia ser diminu&#237;da a dose do medicamento&#46;</p><p id="par0145" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Para isso&#44; talvez tenha que se valorizar mais o peso do beb&#234; estimado pelo US na op&#231;&#227;o terap&#234;utica das pacientes tratadas com metformina&#44; visto que houve um risco maior de RNs PIG&#46; Assim&#44; um enfoque baseado nos par&#226;metros ultrassonogr&#225;ficos pode proporcionar a cria&#231;&#227;o de um modelo terap&#234;utico mais tolerante naquelas pacientes em que o peso do RN esteja diminu&#237;do &#224; USG e a dose poder&#225; ser diminu&#237;da&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0240"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20</span></a></p><p id="par0150" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A qualidade de tratamento oferecido &#224; gestante diab&#233;tica reflete diretamente na classifica&#231;&#227;o de peso do rec&#233;m&#8208;nascido&#46; Sendo os RNs AIGs o objetivo da terap&#234;utica&#44; o sucesso do tratamento pode tamb&#233;m ser avaliado por meio desses&#46; No atual estudo&#44; a incid&#234;ncia dos AIGs foi de 76&#44;6&#37;&#46; A literatura relata que os AIGs oscilam em torno de 86&#44;6&#37;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0240"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20</span></a> A metformina mostrou&#8208;se muito satisfat&#243;ria nesse quesito&#44; pois demonstrou uma chance duas vezes maior de favorecer o nascimento de RN AIG&#46;</p><p id="par0155" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Parto prematuro espont&#226;neo e clinicamente indicado ocorre mais frequentemente em gestantes diab&#233;ticas do que em n&#227;o diab&#233;ticas&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> Rec&#233;m&#8208;nascido prematuro tem maior taxa de mortalidade infantil e morbidade em compara&#231;&#227;o com crian&#231;as nascidas a termo&#46; As complica&#231;&#245;es da prematuridade em curto prazo est&#227;o relacionadas com o aparelho cardiovascular e respirat&#243;rio&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0245"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21</span></a> Como complica&#231;&#227;o de longo prazo podem ocorrer desordens no desenvolvimento neurol&#243;gico&#44; como paralisia cerebral&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0250"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a> A crian&#231;a que nasce prematura tem chances maiores de desenvolver hipertens&#227;o&#44; obesidade e doen&#231;as cardiovasculares na vida adulta&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0255"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23</span></a></p><p id="par0160" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A percentagem de rec&#233;m&#8208;nascidos prematuros no presente estudo foi de 7&#44;1&#37;&#46; Em outros estudos a taxa de beb&#234;s pr&#233; termos variou de 4&#37; a 16&#37;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5&#44;6</span></a> O atual estudo mostra que beb&#234;s pr&#233;&#8208;termos s&#227;o mais comuns nos filhos de m&#227;es tratadas com insulina ou associa&#231;&#227;o de metformina com insulina&#44; quando comparada com a terap&#234;utica dieta&#46; Esses dados corroboram os resultados de um estudo semelhante&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> Al&#233;m disso&#44; a compara&#231;&#227;o do desfecho prematuridade entre tratamento dieta e metformina n&#227;o demonstrou diferen&#231;a significativa&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> assim como o presente estudo&#46;</p><p id="par0165" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Devido &#224;s diversas complica&#231;&#245;es que o filho de m&#227;e com diabetes gestacional est&#225; sujeito&#44; em certas ocasi&#245;es se faz necess&#225;rio um cuidado mais intensivo&#46; Os motivos de interna&#231;&#227;o em UTI neonatal podem ser por anomalias cong&#234;nitas &#8211; como malforma&#231;&#245;es cardiovasculares &#8211; prematuridade&#44; asfixia perinatal&#44; ang&#250;stia respirat&#243;ria&#44; complica&#231;&#245;es metab&#243;licas &#40;hipoglicemia&#44; hipocalcemia&#44; policitemia&#44; hiperbilirrubinemia&#41;&#44; entre outros&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> Em nosso estudo a taxa de interna&#231;&#227;o em UTI foi de 5&#44;1&#37;&#46; Esse valor corrobora outros valores encontrados na literatura &#40;2&#37; a 6&#37;&#41;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0145"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#44;20</span></a> mas tamb&#233;m discorda de outros&#44; nos quais a necessidade de interna&#231;&#227;o em UTI variou de 15&#37;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> a 23&#44;5&#37;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a></p><p id="par0170" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">No presente estudo a modalidade de tratamento n&#227;o interferiu na necessidade de cuidados intensivos especiais&#44; enquanto que outros autores encontraram como resultado que os beb&#234;s de mulheres tratadas com insulina tiveram maiores taxas de admiss&#245;es neonatais em UTI quando comparados com os de gestantes que fizeram tratamento com metformina ou dieta&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a></p><p id="par0175" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Uma vez que a gestante diab&#233;tica tem maior risco de gerar um filho GIG&#44; a indica&#231;&#227;o de partos ces&#225;reos pode aumentar&#46; O objetivo dessa via de parto &#233; impedir o trauma durante o nascimento de beb&#234;s com peso estimado maior ou igual a 4&#46;500 gramas&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0225"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a></p><p id="par0180" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O percentual de partos ces&#225;reos no estudo foi de 52&#44;1&#37;&#46; Esse dado &#233; semelhante &#224; porcentagem de ces&#225;reas nos estudos brasileiros&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0260"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">24&#44;25</span></a> mas no cen&#225;rio internacional as taxas s&#227;o menores&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6&#44;26</span></a> Essa diferen&#231;a talvez seja devido &#224; dissemina&#231;&#227;o da pr&#225;tica de cesariana no Brasil&#44; diferentemente de outros pa&#237;ses&#46; As modalidades de tratamento do DMG n&#227;o interferiram na via de parto&#46; Em contrapartida&#44; outro estudo demonstrou que a ces&#225;rea foi mais prevalente nas mulheres tratadas com insulina&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a></p><p id="par0185" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O boletim de Apgar &#233; usado como metodologia de avalia&#231;&#227;o da qualidade do nascimento do RN entre o primeiro e o quinto minuto de vida&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0275"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">27</span></a> Serve para avaliar o ajuste imediato do RN &#224; vida extrauterina e analisar as condi&#231;&#245;es de vitalidade&#46; Consiste na avalia&#231;&#227;o de cinco itens do exame f&#237;sico do rec&#233;m&#8208;nascido&#58; frequ&#234;ncia card&#237;aca&#44; esfor&#231;o respirat&#243;rio&#44; t&#244;nus muscular&#44; irritabilidade reflexa e cor da pele&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0275"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">27</span></a></p><p id="par0190" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O boletim Apgar do primeiro minuto &#233; considerado um diagn&#243;stico da situa&#231;&#227;o presente&#44; &#237;ndice que pode traduzir sinal de asfixia e da necessidade de ventila&#231;&#227;o mec&#226;nica&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0275"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">27</span></a> J&#225; o Apgar do quinto minuto &#233; considerado mais acurado&#44; leva ao progn&#243;stico da sa&#250;de neurol&#243;gica e a desfechos como sequela neurol&#243;gica ou morte&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0275"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">27</span></a></p><p id="par0195" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Em nossa popula&#231;&#227;o&#44; da mesma forma que em outros estudos&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5&#44;26</span></a> n&#227;o houve aumento de risco de Apgar baixo&#44; tanto no primeiro quanto no quinto minuto&#44; conforme a terap&#234;utica usada&#46; Isso pode demonstrar o sucesso no atendimento oferecido aos RNs das gestantes diab&#233;ticas&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0280"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">28</span></a></p><p id="par0200" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os desfechos via de parto cesariana e &#237;ndices de Apgar no primeiro e quinto minutos e necessidade de interna&#231;&#227;o em UTI n&#227;o foram diferentes entre os tratamentos usados&#46;</p><p id="par0205" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Devido &#224; metodologia usada no estudo&#44; h&#225; certa limita&#231;&#227;o na compara&#231;&#227;o dos resultados&#44; uma vez que poucos estudos usaram o mesmo m&#233;todo&#46; Outro ponto a ser destacado &#233; a heterogeneidade das participantes de cada grupo de modalidade terap&#234;utica&#44; isso porque cada tratamento visa a um perfil de gestante distinto&#46;</p><p id="par0210" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O estudo conclui que o pediatra presente na sala de parto pode esperar diferentes desfechos para o filho de m&#227;e diab&#233;tica com base no tratamento que ela recebeu durante a gesta&#231;&#227;o&#46; Mulheres tratadas com metformina t&#234;m menores chances de ter filhos PIGs e&#44; ainda&#44; uma chance maior de ter um filho AIG&#46; A gestante que foi tratada com insulina tem menor chance de ter um filho prematuro&#46; J&#225; se o tratamento do DMG foi feito com a associa&#231;&#227;o de insulina com metformina&#44; &#233; esperado que o filho dessa gestante tenha maior chance de nascer GIG e menor chance de nascer prematuro&#46;</p><p id="par0215" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Para os demais desfechos avaliados &#40;via de parto&#44; boletim de Apgar e necessidade de interna&#231;&#227;o em UTI&#41; n&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a entre as modalidades de tratamento&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0085">Conflitos de interesse</span><p id="par0220" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os autores declaram n&#227;o haver conflitos de interesse&#46;</p></span></span>"
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            0 => "Gestational diabetes mellitus"
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        "titulo" => "Abstract"
        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Objectives</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To compare different neonatal outcomes according to the different types of treatments used in the management of gestational diabetes mellitus&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Methods</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">This was a retrospective cohort study&#46; The study population comprised pregnant women with gestational diabetes treated at a public maternity hospital from July 2010 to August 2014&#46; The study included women aged at least 18 years&#44; with a singleton pregnancy&#44; who met the criteria for gestational diabetes mellitus&#46; Blood glucose levels&#44; fetal abdominal circumference&#44; body mass index and gestational age were considered for treatment decision&#8208;making&#46; The evaluated neonatal outcomes were&#58; type of delivery&#44; prematurity&#44; weight in relation to gestational age&#44; Apgar at 1 and 5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min&#44; and need for intensive care unit admission&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Results</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The sample consisted of 705 pregnant women&#46; The neonatal outcomes were analyzed based on the treatment received&#46; Women treated with metformin were less likely to have children who were small for gestational age &#40;95&#37; CI&#58; 0&#46;09&#8211;0&#46;66&#41; and more likely to have a newborn adequate for gestational age &#40;95&#37; CI&#58; 1&#46;12&#8211;3&#46;94&#41;&#46; Those women treated with insulin had a lower chance of having a preterm child &#40;95&#37; CI&#58; 0&#46;02&#8211;0&#46;78&#41;&#46; The combined treatment with insulin and metformin resulted in higher chance for a neonate to be born large for gestational age &#40;95&#37; CI&#58; 1&#46;14&#8211;11&#46;15&#41; and lower chance to be born preterm &#40;95&#37; CI&#58; 0&#46;01&#8211;0&#46;71&#41;&#46; The type of treatment did not affect the mode of delivery&#44; Apgar score&#44; and intensive care unit admission&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Conclusions</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The pediatrician in the delivery room can expect different outcomes for diabetic mothers based on the treatment received&#46;</p></span>"
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        "titulo" => "Resumo"
        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Objetivos</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Comparar diferentes desfechos neonatais de acordo com as diferentes modalidades de tratamento do diabetes mellitus gestacional&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">M&#233;todos</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Trata&#8208;se de uma coorte retrospectiva&#46; A popula&#231;&#227;o do estudo foi composta por gestantes com diabetes gestacional atendidas em uma maternidade p&#250;blica de julho de 2010 a agosto de 2014&#46; Foram inclu&#237;das mulheres com idade m&#237;nima de 18 anos&#44; gesta&#231;&#227;o &#250;nica e com crit&#233;rios para diabetes mellitus gestacional&#46; Para decis&#227;o terap&#234;utica foram considerados glicemias&#44; circunfer&#234;ncia abdominal fetal&#44; &#237;ndice de massa corporal e idade gestacional&#46; Os desfechos neonatais avaliados foram&#58; via de parto&#44; prematuridade&#44; rela&#231;&#227;o do peso com idade gestacional&#44; Apgar no 1&#176; e 5&#176; minuto e necessidade de interna&#231;&#227;o em unidade de terapia intensiva&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Resultados</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A amostra foi composta por 705 gestantes&#46; Os desfechos neonatais foram analisados com base na terap&#234;utica recebida&#46; Mulheres tratadas com metformina tiveram menor chance de ter filhos pequenos para a idade gestacional &#40;IC 95&#37;&#58; 0&#44;09&#8208;0&#44;66&#41; e maior chance de ter um filho adequado para a idade gestacional &#40;IC 95&#37;&#58; 1&#44;12&#8208;3&#44;94&#41;&#46; A gestante tratada com insulina teve menor chance de ter um filho prematuro &#40;IC 95&#37;&#58; 0&#44;02&#8208;0&#44;78&#41;&#46; O tratamento feito com a associa&#231;&#227;o de insulina e metformina resultou em maior chance de um rec&#233;m&#8208;nascido grande para a idade gestacional &#40;IC 95&#37;&#58; 1&#44;14&#8208;11&#44;15&#41; e menor chance de prematuridade &#40;IC 95&#37;&#58; 0&#44;01&#8208;0&#44;71&#41;&#46; A modalidade de tratamento n&#227;o interferiu na via de parto&#44; Apgar e interna&#231;&#227;o em terapia intensiva&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Conclus&#245;es</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">O pediatra na sala de parto pode esperar diferentes desfechos para o filho de m&#227;e diab&#233;tica&#44; com base no tratamento recebido&#46;</p></span>"
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">15&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">2&#44;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Peso x idade gestacional</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>PIG &#40;&#60; percentil 10&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">51&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">7&#44;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>AIG &#40;entre P10 e P90&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">540&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">76&#44;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>GIG &#40;&#62; P90&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">114&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">16&#44;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Apgar 1&#8217;</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Baixo &#40;&#60; 7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">40&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#44;7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Apgar 5&#8217;</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Baixo &#40;&#60; 7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#44;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Interna&#231;&#227;o em UTI</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">36&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#44;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
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          "pt" => "<p id="spar0055" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Caracter&#237;sticas gerais dos rec&#233;m&#8208;nascidos &#40;n &#61; 705&#41;</p>"
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        "tabla" => array:3 [
          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0070" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">AIG&#44; adequado para a idade gestacional&#59; GIG&#44; grande para a idade gestacional&#59; IC&#44; intervalo de confian&#231;a&#59; OR&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">odds ratio</span>&#59; PIG&#44; pequeno para a idade gestacional&#59; UTI&#44; unidade de terapia intensiva&#46;</p>"
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                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Desfecho&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Modalidade terap&#234;utica&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">N &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">OR bruto<br>&#40;IC 95&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">p&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">OR ajustado<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a><br>&#40;IC 95&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">p&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " rowspan="4" align="left" valign="top">Ces&#225;ria</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Dieta&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">137 &#40;37&#44;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Metformina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">128 &#40;34&#44;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#44;221 &#40;0&#44;871 &#8211; 1&#44;171&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;247&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;665 &#40;0&#44;370&#8208;1&#44;194&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;172&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Insulina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">68 &#40;18&#44;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">2&#44;066 &#40;1&#44;306 &#8211; 3&#44;268&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;002&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#44;426 &#40;0&#44;629&#8208;3&#44;231&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;395&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Metformina &#43; Insulina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">34 &#40;9&#44;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#44;784 &#40;0&#44;996 &#8211; 3&#44;197&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;052&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;891 &#40;0&#44;305&#8208;2&#44;607&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;833&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " rowspan="4" align="left" valign="top">Prematuridade</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Dieta&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">28 &#40;56&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Metformina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">17 &#40;34&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;694 &#40;0&#44;370 &#8211; 1&#44;299&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;253&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;429 &#40;0&#44;173&#8208;1&#44;064&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;068&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Insulina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">3 &#40;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;276 &#40;0&#44;082 &#8211; 0&#44;926&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;037&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;133 &#40;0&#44;023&#8208;0&#44;789&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;026&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Metformina &#43; Insulina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">2 &#40;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;351 &#40;0&#44;081 &#8211; 1&#44;516&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;161&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;105 &#40;0&#44;015&#8208;0&#44;713&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;021&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " rowspan="4" align="left" valign="top">PIG</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Dieta&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">34 &#40;66&#44;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Metformina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">13 &#40;25&#44;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;420 &#40;0&#44;216 &#8211; 0&#44;814&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;010&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;253 &#40;0&#44;096&#8208;0&#44;666&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;005&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Insulina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">3 &#40;5&#44;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;222 &#40;0&#44;067 &#8211; 0&#44;738&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;014&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;179 &#40;0&#44;027&#8208;1&#44;197&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;076&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Metformina &#43; Insulina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1 &#40;1&#44;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;139 &#40;0&#44;019 &#8211; 1&#44;033&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;054&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;191 &#40;0&#44;017&#8208;2&#44;163&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;181&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " rowspan="4" align="left" valign="top">AIG</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Dieta&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">230 &#40;42&#44;59&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Metformina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">204 &#40;37&#44;77&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#44;267 &#40;0&#44;828 &#8211; 1&#44;939&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;276&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">2&#44;103 &#40;1&#44;121&#8208;3&#44;945&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;021&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Insulina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">73 &#40;13&#44;51&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;618 &#40;0&#44;377 &#8211; 1&#44;015&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;057&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#44;306 &#40;0&#44;579&#8208;2&#44;947&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;520&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Metformina &#43; insulina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">33 &#40;6&#44;11&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;401 &#40;0&#44;220 &#8211; 0&#44;731&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;003&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;612 &#40;0&#44;230&#8208;1&#44;634&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;327&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " rowspan="4" align="left" valign="top">GIG</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Dieta&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">30 &#40;26&#44;31&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Metformina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">32 &#40;28&#44;07&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#44;293 &#40;0&#44;761 &#8211; 2&#44;195&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;342&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;891 &#40;0&#44;375&#8208;2&#44;115&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;793&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Insulina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">30 &#40;26&#44;31&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">3&#44;461 &#40;1&#44;963 &#8211; 6&#44;100&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#44;591 &#40;0&#44;590&#8208;4&#44;290&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;358&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Metformina &#43; insulina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">22 &#40;19&#44;29&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#44;673 &#40;2&#44;944 &#8211; 10&#44;931&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">3&#44;567 &#40;1&#44;141&#8208;11&#44;150&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;029&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " rowspan="4" align="left" valign="top">Apgar 1&#8217; &#60; 7</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Dieta&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">15 &#40;37&#44;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Metformina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">17 &#40;42&#44;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#44;38 &#40;0&#44;664 &#8211; 2&#44;778&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;402&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#44;742 &#40;0&#44;516&#8208;5&#44;878&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;371&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Insulina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6 &#40;15&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#44;112 &#40;0&#44;40 &#8211; 2&#44;945&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;831&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;564 &#40;0&#44;098&#8208;3&#44;245&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;521&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Metformina &#43; Insulina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">2 &#40;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;686 &#40;0&#44;153 &#8211; 3&#44;088&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;624&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;711 &#40;0&#44;091&#8208;5&#44;543&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;745&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " rowspan="4" align="left" valign="top">Apgar 5&#8217; &#60; 7</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Dieta&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5 &#40;62&#44;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Metformina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1 &#40;12&#44;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;291 &#40;0&#44;032 &#8211; 2&#44;624&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;271&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;537 &#40;0&#44;025&#8208;11&#44;527&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;691&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Insulina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;989&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;998&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Metformina &#43; insulina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">2 &#40;25&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">2&#44;676 &#40;0&#44;478 &#8211; 14&#44;975&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;263&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">2&#44;111 &#40;0&#44;061&#8208;73&#44;137&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;680&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " rowspan="4" align="left" valign="top">UTI</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Dieta&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">15 &#40;41&#44;66&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8208;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Metformina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">10 &#40;27&#44;77&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;775 &#40;0&#44;342 &#8211; 1&#44;758&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;543&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;625 &#40;0&#44;178&#8208;2&#44;196&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;464&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Insulina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">3 &#40;8&#44;33&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;540 &#40;0&#44;153 &#8211; 1&#44;903&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;338&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;079 &#40;0&#44;005&#8208;1&#44;150&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;063&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Metformina &#43; insulina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">8 &#40;22&#44;22&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">3&#44;089 &#40;1&#44;242 &#8211; 7&#44;682&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;015&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#44;156 &#40;0&#44;215&#8208;6&#44;212&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#44;156&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
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              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0020">OR ajustado para as seguintes vari&#225;veis&#58; idade materna&#44; &#237;ndice de massa corporal maternal&#44; n&#250;mero de gesta&#231;&#245;es&#44; tipo de parto&#44; idade gestacional da primeira consulta&#44; glicemia m&#233;dia de jejum&#44; glicemia m&#233;dia p&#243;s&#8208;prandial e circunfer&#234;ncia abdominal fetal &#40;considerada entre a 28&#170; a 32&#170; semana de gesta&#231;&#227;o&#41;&#46;</p>"
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          "pt" => "<p id="spar0065" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">An&#225;lise multivariada dos desfechos neonatais de acordo com a modalidade de tratamento do DMG &#40;n &#61; 705&#41;</p>"
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    "bibliografia" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "Refer&#234;ncias"
      "seccion" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "bibs0005"
          "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:28 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0145"
              "etiqueta" => "1"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Impact of maternal diabetes mellitus on mortality and morbidity of very low birth weight infants&#58; a multicenter Latin America study"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "C&#46; Grandi"
                            1 => "J&#46;L&#46; Tapia"
                            2 => "V&#46;C&#46; Cardoso"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Pediatr"
                        "fecha" => "2015"
                        "volumen" => "91"
                        "paginaInicial" => "234"
                        "paginaFinal" => "241"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0150"
              "etiqueta" => "2"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Neonatal outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus treated with metformin in compare with insulin&#58; a randomized clinical trial"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "S&#46; Ruholamin"
                            1 => "S&#46; Eshaghian"
                            2 => "Z&#46; Allame"
                          ]
                        ]
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ISSN: 22555536
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