Clinical InvestigationEchocardiographic Reference Values in Children and AdultsAge-Specific Reference Intervals for Indexed Left Ventricular Mass in Children
Section snippets
Patients
The data base of the Echocardiography Laboratory at Cincinnati Children's Hospital was queried for all patients with structurally normal hearts and no systemic disease. These patients were children referred to the laboratory for the evaluation of innocent murmurs or noncardiac chest pain who were then determined by echocardiography to have normal cardiac anatomy and physiology. Patient date of birth, height (or length), weight, and gender were obtained. Height was measured by a wall-mounted
Results
Table 1 shows summary statistics for our data. There were 2,273 children (1,267 boys, 1,006 girls) in the analyses after exclusions. Average BMI and height z scores were close to zero. LVM ranged from < 6 to > 250 g for the entire population.
Table 2 shows the 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th, and 95th percentiles and ranges for LVM and LVM indexed to height2.7 for the subjects by 2-year age groupings. The only powers of age needed to create smooth (ie, fitting the calculated percentiles closely
Discussion
This study was performed specifically to address the need for a reference value for one of the most commonly used LVM indices in the pediatric population. The significant findings of this study are that indexing LVM to height2.7 must be age specific. In children aged > 9 years, values of 40 g/m2.7 in girls and 45 g/m2.7 in boys can be considered abnormal. However, in those aged < 9 years of age, a single value cannot be used, and instead, an alternative indexing method must be used. Percentile
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Presented in part at the 15th Annual Scientific Sessions of the American Society of Echocardiography, June 26 to 30, 2004, San Diego, CA.